feat(docs): Add Methodology

[csit.git] / docs / content / methodology / vpp_forwarding_modes.md

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+---
+bookToc: false
+title: "VPP Forwarding Modes"
+weight: 3
+---
+
+# VPP Forwarding Modes
+
+VPP is tested in a number of L2, IPv4 and IPv6 packet lookup and
+forwarding modes. Within each mode baseline and scale tests are
+executed, the latter with varying number of FIB entries.
+
+## L2 Ethernet Switching
+
+VPP is tested in three L2 forwarding modes:
+
+- *l2patch*: L2 patch, the fastest point-to-point L2 path that loops
+  packets between two interfaces without any Ethernet frame checks or
+  lookups.
+- *l2xc*: L2 cross-connect, point-to-point L2 path with all Ethernet
+  frame checks, but no MAC learning and no MAC lookup.
+- *l2bd*: L2 bridge-domain, multipoint-to-multipoint L2 path with all
+  Ethernet frame checks, with MAC learning (unless static MACs are used)
+  and MAC lookup.
+
+l2bd tests are executed in baseline and scale configurations:
+
+- *l2bdbase*: Two MAC FIB entries are learned by VPP to enable packet
+  switching between two interfaces in two directions. VPP L2 switching
+  is tested with 254 IPv4 unique flows per direction, varying IPv4
+  source address per flow in order to invoke RSS based packet
+  distribution across VPP workers. The same source and destination MAC
+  address is used for all flows per direction. IPv4 source address is
+  incremented for every packet.
+
+- *l2bdscale*: A high number of MAC FIB entries are learned by VPP to
+  enable packet switching between two interfaces in two directions.
+  Tested MAC FIB sizes include: i) 10k with 5k unique flows per
+  direction, ii) 100k with 2 x 50k flows and iii) 1M with 2 x 500k
+  flows. Unique flows are created by using distinct source and
+  destination MAC addresses that are changed for every packet using
+  incremental ordering, making VPP learn (or refresh) distinct src MAC
+  entries and look up distinct dst MAC entries for every packet. For
+  details, see
+  [Packet Flow Ordering]({{< ref "packet_flow_ordering#Packet Flow Ordering" >}}).
+
+Ethernet wire encapsulations tested include: untagged, dot1q, dot1ad.
+
+## IPv4 Routing
+
+IPv4 routing tests are executed in baseline and scale configurations:
+
+- *ip4base*: Two /32 IPv4 FIB entries are configured in VPP to enable
+  packet routing between two interfaces in two directions. VPP routing
+  is tested with 253 IPv4 unique flows per direction, varying IPv4
+  source address per flow in order to invoke RSS based packet
+  distribution across VPP workers. IPv4 source address is incremented
+  for every packet.
+
+- *ip4scale*: A high number of /32 IPv4 FIB entries are configured in
+  VPP. Tested IPv4 FIB sizes include: i) 20k with 10k unique flows per
+  direction, ii) 200k with 2 * 100k flows and iii) 2M with 2 * 1M
+  flows. Unique flows are created by using distinct IPv4 destination
+  addresses that are changed for every packet, using incremental or
+  random ordering. For details, see
+  [Packet Flow Ordering]({{< ref "packet_flow_ordering#Packet Flow Ordering" >}}).
+
+## IPv6 Routing
+
+Similarly to IPv4, IPv6 routing tests are executed in baseline and scale
+configurations:
+
+- *ip6base*: Two /128 IPv4 FIB entries are configured in VPP to enable
+  packet routing between two interfaces in two directions. VPP routing
+  is tested with 253 IPv6 unique flows per direction, varying IPv6
+  source address per flow in order to invoke RSS based packet
+  distribution across VPP workers. IPv6 source address is incremented
+  for every packet.
+
+- *ip4scale*: A high number of /128 IPv6 FIB entries are configured in
+  VPP. Tested IPv6 FIB sizes include: i) 20k with 10k unique flows per
+  direction, ii) 200k with 2 * 100k flows and iii) 2M with 2 * 1M
+  flows. Unique flows are created by using distinct IPv6 destination
+  addresses that are changed for every packet, using incremental or
+  random ordering. For details, see
+  [Packet Flow Ordering]({{< ref "packet_flow_ordering#Packet Flow Ordering" >}}).
+
+## SRv6 Routing
+
+SRv6 routing tests are executed in a number of baseline configurations,
+in each case SR policy and steering policy are configured for one
+direction and one (or two) SR behaviours (functions) in the other
+directions:
+
+- *srv6enc1sid*: One SID (no SRH present), one SR function - End.
+- *srv6enc2sids*: Two SIDs (SRH present), two SR functions - End and
+  End.DX6.
+- *srv6enc2sids-nodecaps*: Two SIDs (SRH present) without decapsulation,
+  one SR function - End.
+- *srv6proxy-dyn*: Dynamic SRv6 proxy, one SR function - End.AD.
+- *srv6proxy-masq*: Masquerading SRv6 proxy, one SR function - End.AM.
+- *srv6proxy-stat*: Static SRv6 proxy, one SR function - End.AS.
+
+In all listed cases low number of IPv6 flows (253 per direction) is
+routed by VPP.