nat: deal with flows instead of sessions
[vpp.git] / src / plugins / nat / out2in_ed.c
index 41f9bfe..d6beadc 100644 (file)
 
 #include <vlib/vlib.h>
 #include <vnet/vnet.h>
-#include <vnet/pg/pg.h>
 #include <vnet/ip/ip.h>
 #include <vnet/ethernet/ethernet.h>
 #include <vnet/fib/ip4_fib.h>
-#include <vnet/udp/udp.h>
+#include <vnet/udp/udp_local.h>
 #include <vppinfra/error.h>
 #include <nat/nat.h>
-#include <nat/nat_ipfix_logging.h>
-#include <nat/nat_reass.h>
+#include <nat/lib/ipfix_logging.h>
 #include <nat/nat_inlines.h>
-#include <nat/nat_syslog.h>
-#include <nat/nat_ha.h>
-
-#define foreach_nat_out2in_ed_error                     \
-_(UNSUPPORTED_PROTOCOL, "unsupported protocol")         \
-_(OUT2IN_PACKETS, "good out2in packets processed")      \
-_(OUT_OF_PORTS, "out of ports")                         \
-_(BAD_ICMP_TYPE, "unsupported ICMP type")               \
-_(NO_TRANSLATION, "no translation")                     \
-_(MAX_SESSIONS_EXCEEDED, "maximum sessions exceeded")   \
-_(DROP_FRAGMENT, "drop fragment")                       \
-_(MAX_REASS, "maximum reassemblies exceeded")           \
-_(MAX_FRAG, "maximum fragments per reassembly exceeded")\
-_(NON_SYN, "non-SYN packet try to create session")      \
-_(TCP_PACKETS, "TCP packets")                           \
-_(UDP_PACKETS, "UDP packets")                           \
-_(ICMP_PACKETS, "ICMP packets")                         \
-_(OTHER_PACKETS, "other protocol packets")              \
-_(FRAGMENTS, "fragments")                               \
-_(CACHED_FRAGMENTS, "cached fragments")                 \
-_(PROCESSED_FRAGMENTS, "processed fragments")
-
-typedef enum
-{
-#define _(sym,str) NAT_OUT2IN_ED_ERROR_##sym,
-  foreach_nat_out2in_ed_error
-#undef _
-    NAT_OUT2IN_ED_N_ERROR,
-} nat_out2in_ed_error_t;
+#include <nat/nat44/inlines.h>
+#include <nat/lib/nat_syslog.h>
+#include <nat/nat44/ed_inlines.h>
 
 static char *nat_out2in_ed_error_strings[] = {
 #define _(sym,string) string,
@@ -65,23 +37,18 @@ static char *nat_out2in_ed_error_strings[] = {
 #undef _
 };
 
-typedef enum
-{
-  NAT44_ED_OUT2IN_NEXT_DROP,
-  NAT44_ED_OUT2IN_NEXT_LOOKUP,
-  NAT44_ED_OUT2IN_NEXT_ICMP_ERROR,
-  NAT44_ED_OUT2IN_NEXT_IN2OUT,
-  NAT44_ED_OUT2IN_NEXT_SLOW_PATH,
-  NAT44_ED_OUT2IN_NEXT_REASS,
-  NAT44_ED_OUT2IN_N_NEXT,
-} nat44_ed_out2in_next_t;
-
 typedef struct
 {
   u32 sw_if_index;
   u32 next_index;
   u32 session_index;
-  u32 is_slow_path;
+  nat_translation_error_e translation_error;
+  nat_6t_flow_t i2of;
+  nat_6t_flow_t o2if;
+  clib_bihash_kv_16_8_t search_key;
+  u8 is_slow_path;
+  u8 translation_via_i2of;
+  u8 lookup_skipped;
 } nat44_ed_out2in_trace_t;
 
 static u8 *
@@ -98,168 +65,328 @@ format_nat44_ed_out2in_trace (u8 * s, va_list * args)
 
   s = format (s, "%s: sw_if_index %d, next index %d, session %d", tag,
              t->sw_if_index, t->next_index, t->session_index);
+  if (~0 != t->session_index)
+    {
+      s = format (s, ", translation result '%U' via %s",
+                 format_nat_ed_translation_error, t->translation_error,
+                 t->translation_via_i2of ? "i2of" : "o2if");
+      s = format (s, "\n  i2of %U", format_nat_6t_flow, &t->i2of);
+      s = format (s, "\n  o2if %U", format_nat_6t_flow, &t->o2if);
+    }
+  if (!t->is_slow_path)
+    {
+      if (t->lookup_skipped)
+       {
+         s = format (s, "\n lookup skipped - cached session index used");
+       }
+      else
+       {
+         s = format (s, "\n  search key %U", format_ed_session_kvp,
+                     &t->search_key);
+       }
+    }
 
   return s;
 }
 
+static int
+next_src_nat (snat_main_t *sm, ip4_header_t *ip, u16 src_port, u16 dst_port,
+             u32 thread_index, u32 rx_fib_index)
+{
+  clib_bihash_kv_16_8_t kv, value;
+
+  init_ed_k (&kv, ip->src_address, src_port, ip->dst_address, dst_port,
+            rx_fib_index, ip->protocol);
+  if (!clib_bihash_search_16_8 (&sm->flow_hash, &kv, &value))
+    return 1;
+
+  return 0;
+}
+
+static void create_bypass_for_fwd (snat_main_t *sm, vlib_buffer_t *b,
+                                  snat_session_t *s, ip4_header_t *ip,
+                                  u32 rx_fib_index, u32 thread_index);
+
+static snat_session_t *create_session_for_static_mapping_ed (
+  snat_main_t *sm, vlib_buffer_t *b, ip4_address_t i2o_addr, u16 i2o_port,
+  u32 i2o_fib_index, ip4_address_t o2i_addr, u16 o2i_port, u32 o2i_fib_index,
+  nat_protocol_t nat_proto, vlib_node_runtime_t *node, u32 rx_fib_index,
+  u32 thread_index, twice_nat_type_t twice_nat, lb_nat_type_t lb_nat, f64 now,
+  snat_static_mapping_t *mapping);
+
 static inline u32
-icmp_out2in_ed_slow_path (snat_main_t * sm, vlib_buffer_t * b0,
-                         ip4_header_t * ip0, icmp46_header_t * icmp0,
-                         u32 sw_if_index0, u32 rx_fib_index0,
-                         vlib_node_runtime_t * node, u32 next0, f64 now,
-                         u32 thread_index, snat_session_t ** p_s0)
+icmp_out2in_ed_slow_path (snat_main_t *sm, vlib_buffer_t *b, ip4_header_t *ip,
+                         icmp46_header_t *icmp, u32 sw_if_index,
+                         u32 rx_fib_index, vlib_node_runtime_t *node,
+                         u32 next, f64 now, u32 thread_index,
+                         snat_session_t **s_p)
 {
-  next0 = icmp_out2in (sm, b0, ip0, icmp0, sw_if_index0, rx_fib_index0, node,
-                      next0, thread_index, p_s0, 0);
-  snat_session_t *s0 = *p_s0;
-  if (PREDICT_TRUE (next0 != NAT44_ED_OUT2IN_NEXT_DROP && s0))
+  vlib_main_t *vm = vlib_get_main ();
+
+  ip_csum_t sum;
+  u16 checksum;
+
+  snat_session_t *s = 0;
+  u8 is_addr_only, identity_nat;
+  ip4_address_t sm_addr;
+  u16 sm_port;
+  u32 sm_fib_index;
+  snat_static_mapping_t *m;
+  u8 lookup_protocol;
+  ip4_address_t lookup_saddr, lookup_daddr;
+  u16 lookup_sport, lookup_dport;
+
+  sw_if_index = vnet_buffer (b)->sw_if_index[VLIB_RX];
+  rx_fib_index = ip4_fib_table_get_index_for_sw_if_index (sw_if_index);
+
+  if (nat_get_icmp_session_lookup_values (b, ip, &lookup_saddr, &lookup_sport,
+                                         &lookup_daddr, &lookup_dport,
+                                         &lookup_protocol))
     {
-      /* Accounting */
-      nat44_session_update_counters (s0, now,
-                                    vlib_buffer_length_in_chain
-                                    (sm->vlib_main, b0), thread_index);
-      /* Per-user LRU list maintenance */
-      nat44_session_update_lru (sm, s0, thread_index);
+      b->error = node->errors[NAT_OUT2IN_ED_ERROR_UNSUPPORTED_PROTOCOL];
+      next = NAT_NEXT_DROP;
+      goto out;
     }
-  return next0;
-}
 
-#ifndef CLIB_MARCH_VARIANT
-int
-nat44_o2i_ed_is_idle_session_cb (clib_bihash_kv_16_8_t * kv, void *arg)
-{
-  snat_main_t *sm = &snat_main;
-  nat44_is_idle_session_ctx_t *ctx = arg;
-  snat_session_t *s;
-  u64 sess_timeout_time;
-  nat_ed_ses_key_t ed_key;
-  clib_bihash_kv_16_8_t ed_kv;
-  int i;
-  snat_address_t *a;
-  snat_session_key_t key;
-  snat_main_per_thread_data_t *tsm = vec_elt_at_index (sm->per_thread_data,
-                                                      ctx->thread_index);
-
-  s = pool_elt_at_index (tsm->sessions, kv->value);
-  sess_timeout_time = s->last_heard + (f64) nat44_session_get_timeout (sm, s);
-  if (ctx->now >= sess_timeout_time)
+  if (snat_static_mapping_match (
+       sm, ip->dst_address, lookup_sport, rx_fib_index,
+       ip_proto_to_nat_proto (ip->protocol), &sm_addr, &sm_port,
+       &sm_fib_index, 1, &is_addr_only, 0, 0, 0, &identity_nat, &m))
     {
-      ed_key.l_addr = s->in2out.addr;
-      ed_key.r_addr = s->ext_host_addr;
-      ed_key.fib_index = s->in2out.fib_index;
-      if (snat_is_unk_proto_session (s))
+      // static mapping not matched
+      if (!sm->forwarding_enabled)
        {
-         ed_key.proto = s->in2out.port;
-         ed_key.r_port = 0;
-         ed_key.l_port = 0;
+         /* Don't NAT packet aimed at the intfc address */
+         if (!is_interface_addr (sm, node, sw_if_index,
+                                 ip->dst_address.as_u32))
+           {
+             b->error = node->errors[NAT_OUT2IN_ED_ERROR_NO_TRANSLATION];
+             next = NAT_NEXT_DROP;
+           }
        }
       else
        {
-         ed_key.proto = snat_proto_to_ip_proto (s->in2out.protocol);
-         ed_key.l_port = s->in2out.port;
-         ed_key.r_port = s->ext_host_port;
-       }
-      if (is_twice_nat_session (s))
-       {
-         ed_key.r_addr = s->ext_host_nat_addr;
-         ed_key.r_port = s->ext_host_nat_port;
-       }
-      ed_kv.key[0] = ed_key.as_u64[0];
-      ed_kv.key[1] = ed_key.as_u64[1];
-      if (clib_bihash_add_del_16_8 (&tsm->in2out_ed, &ed_kv, 0))
-       nat_log_warn ("in2out_ed key del failed");
-
-      if (snat_is_unk_proto_session (s))
-       goto delete;
-
-      snat_ipfix_logging_nat44_ses_delete (ctx->thread_index,
-                                          s->in2out.addr.as_u32,
-                                          s->out2in.addr.as_u32,
-                                          s->in2out.protocol,
-                                          s->in2out.port,
-                                          s->out2in.port,
-                                          s->in2out.fib_index);
-
-      nat_syslog_nat44_sdel (s->user_index, s->in2out.fib_index,
-                            &s->in2out.addr, s->in2out.port,
-                            &s->ext_host_nat_addr, s->ext_host_nat_port,
-                            &s->out2in.addr, s->out2in.port,
-                            &s->ext_host_addr, s->ext_host_port,
-                            s->in2out.protocol, is_twice_nat_session (s));
-
-      nat_ha_sdel (&s->out2in.addr, s->out2in.port, &s->ext_host_addr,
-                  s->ext_host_port, s->out2in.protocol, s->out2in.fib_index,
-                  ctx->thread_index);
-
-      if (is_twice_nat_session (s))
-       {
-         for (i = 0; i < vec_len (sm->twice_nat_addresses); i++)
+         if (next_src_nat (sm, ip, lookup_sport, lookup_dport, thread_index,
+                           rx_fib_index))
            {
-             key.protocol = s->in2out.protocol;
-             key.port = s->ext_host_nat_port;
-             a = sm->twice_nat_addresses + i;
-             if (a->addr.as_u32 == s->ext_host_nat_addr.as_u32)
-               {
-                 snat_free_outside_address_and_port (sm->twice_nat_addresses,
-                                                     ctx->thread_index,
-                                                     &key);
-                 break;
-               }
+             next = NAT_NEXT_IN2OUT_ED_FAST_PATH;
+           }
+         else
+           {
+             create_bypass_for_fwd (sm, b, s, ip, rx_fib_index, thread_index);
            }
        }
+      goto out;
+    }
+
+  if (PREDICT_FALSE (vnet_buffer (b)->ip.reass.icmp_type_or_tcp_flags !=
+                      ICMP4_echo_reply &&
+                    (vnet_buffer (b)->ip.reass.icmp_type_or_tcp_flags !=
+                       ICMP4_echo_request ||
+                     !is_addr_only)))
+    {
+      b->error = node->errors[NAT_OUT2IN_ED_ERROR_BAD_ICMP_TYPE];
+      next = NAT_NEXT_DROP;
+      goto out;
+    }
+
+  if (PREDICT_FALSE (identity_nat))
+    {
+      goto out;
+    }
+
+  /* Create session initiated by host from external network */
+  s = create_session_for_static_mapping_ed (
+    sm, b, sm_addr, sm_port, sm_fib_index, ip->dst_address, lookup_sport,
+    rx_fib_index, ip_proto_to_nat_proto (lookup_protocol), node, rx_fib_index,
+    thread_index, 0, 0, vlib_time_now (vm), m);
+  if (!s)
+    next = NAT_NEXT_DROP;
+
+  if (PREDICT_TRUE (!ip4_is_fragment (ip)))
+    {
+      sum = ip_incremental_checksum_buffer (
+       vm, b, (u8 *) icmp - (u8 *) vlib_buffer_get_current (b),
+       ntohs (ip->length) - ip4_header_bytes (ip), 0);
+      checksum = ~ip_csum_fold (sum);
+      if (checksum != 0 && checksum != 0xffff)
+       {
+         next = NAT_NEXT_DROP;
+         goto out;
+       }
+    }
+
+  if (PREDICT_TRUE (next != NAT_NEXT_DROP && s))
+    {
+      /* Accounting */
+      nat44_session_update_counters (
+       s, now, vlib_buffer_length_in_chain (vm, b), thread_index);
+      /* Per-user LRU list maintenance */
+      nat44_session_update_lru (sm, s, thread_index);
+    }
+out:
+  if (NAT_NEXT_DROP == next && s)
+    {
+      nat_ed_session_delete (sm, s, thread_index, 1);
+      s = 0;
+    }
+  *s_p = s;
+  return next;
+}
 
-      if (snat_is_session_static (s))
-       goto delete;
+// allocate exact address based on preference
+static_always_inline int
+nat_alloc_addr_and_port_exact (snat_address_t * a,
+                              u32 thread_index,
+                              nat_protocol_t proto,
+                              ip4_address_t * addr,
+                              u16 * port,
+                              u16 port_per_thread, u32 snat_thread_index)
+{
+  u32 portnum;
 
-      snat_free_outside_address_and_port (sm->addresses, ctx->thread_index,
-                                         &s->out2in);
-    delete:
-      nat44_delete_session (sm, s, ctx->thread_index);
+  switch (proto)
+    {
+#define _(N, j, n, s) \
+    case NAT_PROTOCOL_##N: \
+      if (a->busy_##n##_ports_per_thread[thread_index] < port_per_thread) \
+        { \
+          while (1) \
+            { \
+              portnum = (port_per_thread * \
+                snat_thread_index) + \
+                snat_random_port(0, port_per_thread - 1) + 1024; \
+              if (a->busy_##n##_port_refcounts[portnum]) \
+                continue; \
+             --a->busy_##n##_port_refcounts[portnum]; \
+              a->busy_##n##_ports_per_thread[thread_index]++; \
+              a->busy_##n##_ports++; \
+              *addr = a->addr; \
+              *port = clib_host_to_net_u16(portnum); \
+              return 0; \
+            } \
+        } \
+      break;
+      foreach_nat_protocol
+#undef _
+    default:
+      nat_elog_info ("unknown protocol");
       return 1;
     }
 
-  return 0;
+  /* Totally out of translations to use... */
+  nat_ipfix_logging_addresses_exhausted (thread_index, 0);
+  return 1;
+}
+
+static_always_inline int
+nat44_ed_alloc_outside_addr_and_port (snat_address_t *addresses, u32 fib_index,
+                                     u32 thread_index, nat_protocol_t proto,
+                                     ip4_address_t *addr, u16 *port,
+                                     u16 port_per_thread,
+                                     u32 snat_thread_index)
+{
+  int i;
+  snat_address_t *a, *ga = 0;
+  u32 portnum;
+
+  for (i = 0; i < vec_len (addresses); i++)
+    {
+      a = addresses + i;
+      switch (proto)
+       {
+#define _(N, j, n, s)                                                         \
+  case NAT_PROTOCOL_##N:                                                      \
+    if (a->busy_##n##_ports_per_thread[thread_index] < port_per_thread)       \
+      {                                                                       \
+       if (a->fib_index == fib_index)                                        \
+         {                                                                   \
+           while (1)                                                         \
+             {                                                               \
+               portnum = (port_per_thread * snat_thread_index) +             \
+                         snat_random_port (0, port_per_thread - 1) + 1024;   \
+               if (a->busy_##n##_port_refcounts[portnum])                    \
+                 continue;                                                   \
+               --a->busy_##n##_port_refcounts[portnum];                      \
+               a->busy_##n##_ports_per_thread[thread_index]++;               \
+               a->busy_##n##_ports++;                                        \
+               *addr = a->addr;                                              \
+               *port = clib_host_to_net_u16 (portnum);                       \
+               return 0;                                                     \
+             }                                                               \
+         }                                                                   \
+       else if (a->fib_index == ~0)                                          \
+         {                                                                   \
+           ga = a;                                                           \
+         }                                                                   \
+      }                                                                       \
+    break;
+         foreach_nat_protocol
+#undef _
+           default : nat_elog_info ("unknown protocol");
+         return 1;
+       }
+    }
+
+  if (ga)
+    {
+      a = ga;
+      switch (proto)
+       {
+#define _(N, j, n, s)                                                         \
+  case NAT_PROTOCOL_##N:                                                      \
+    while (1)                                                                 \
+      {                                                                       \
+       portnum = (port_per_thread * snat_thread_index) +                     \
+                 snat_random_port (0, port_per_thread - 1) + 1024;           \
+       if (a->busy_##n##_port_refcounts[portnum])                            \
+         continue;                                                           \
+       ++a->busy_##n##_port_refcounts[portnum];                              \
+       a->busy_##n##_ports_per_thread[thread_index]++;                       \
+       a->busy_##n##_ports++;                                                \
+       *addr = a->addr;                                                      \
+       *port = clib_host_to_net_u16 (portnum);                               \
+       return 0;                                                             \
+      }
+         break;
+         foreach_nat_protocol
+#undef _
+           default : nat_elog_info ("unknown protocol");
+         return 1;
+       }
+    }
+
+  /* Totally out of translations to use... */
+  nat_ipfix_logging_addresses_exhausted (thread_index, 0);
+  return 1;
 }
-#endif
 
 static snat_session_t *
-create_session_for_static_mapping_ed (snat_main_t * sm,
-                                     vlib_buffer_t * b,
-                                     snat_session_key_t l_key,
-                                     snat_session_key_t e_key,
-                                     vlib_node_runtime_t * node,
-                                     u32 thread_index,
-                                     twice_nat_type_t twice_nat,
-                                     lb_nat_type_t lb_nat, f64 now)
+create_session_for_static_mapping_ed (
+  snat_main_t *sm, vlib_buffer_t *b, ip4_address_t i2o_addr, u16 i2o_port,
+  u32 i2o_fib_index, ip4_address_t o2i_addr, u16 o2i_port, u32 o2i_fib_index,
+  nat_protocol_t nat_proto, vlib_node_runtime_t *node, u32 rx_fib_index,
+  u32 thread_index, twice_nat_type_t twice_nat, lb_nat_type_t lb_nat, f64 now,
+  snat_static_mapping_t *mapping)
 {
   snat_session_t *s;
-  snat_user_t *u;
   ip4_header_t *ip;
   udp_header_t *udp;
   snat_main_per_thread_data_t *tsm = &sm->per_thread_data[thread_index];
-  clib_bihash_kv_16_8_t kv;
-  snat_session_key_t eh_key;
-  nat44_is_idle_session_ctx_t ctx;
 
-  if (PREDICT_FALSE (maximum_sessions_exceeded (sm, thread_index)))
+  if (PREDICT_FALSE
+      (nat44_ed_maximum_sessions_exceeded (sm, rx_fib_index, thread_index)))
     {
       b->error = node->errors[NAT_OUT2IN_ED_ERROR_MAX_SESSIONS_EXCEEDED];
-      nat_log_notice ("maximum sessions exceeded");
-      return 0;
-    }
-
-  u = nat_user_get_or_create (sm, &l_key.addr, l_key.fib_index, thread_index);
-  if (!u)
-    {
-      nat_log_warn ("create NAT user failed");
+      nat_elog_notice ("maximum sessions exceeded");
       return 0;
     }
 
-  s = nat_ed_session_alloc (sm, u, thread_index, now);
+  s = nat_ed_session_alloc (sm, thread_index, now, nat_proto);
   if (!s)
     {
-      nat44_delete_user_with_no_session (sm, u, thread_index);
-      nat_log_warn ("create NAT session failed");
+      b->error = node->errors[NAT_OUT2IN_ED_ERROR_MAX_USER_SESS_EXCEEDED];
+      nat_elog_warn ("create NAT session failed");
       return 0;
     }
 
@@ -267,230 +394,289 @@ create_session_for_static_mapping_ed (snat_main_t * sm,
   udp = ip4_next_header (ip);
 
   s->ext_host_addr.as_u32 = ip->src_address.as_u32;
-  s->ext_host_port = e_key.protocol == SNAT_PROTOCOL_ICMP ? 0 : udp->src_port;
+  s->ext_host_port = nat_proto == NAT_PROTOCOL_ICMP ? 0 : udp->src_port;
   s->flags |= SNAT_SESSION_FLAG_STATIC_MAPPING;
   if (lb_nat)
     s->flags |= SNAT_SESSION_FLAG_LOAD_BALANCING;
   if (lb_nat == AFFINITY_LB_NAT)
     s->flags |= SNAT_SESSION_FLAG_AFFINITY;
   s->flags |= SNAT_SESSION_FLAG_ENDPOINT_DEPENDENT;
-  s->out2in = e_key;
-  s->in2out = l_key;
-  s->in2out.protocol = s->out2in.protocol;
-  user_session_increment (sm, u, 1);
-
-  /* Add to lookup tables */
-  make_ed_kv (&kv, &e_key.addr, &s->ext_host_addr, ip->protocol,
-             e_key.fib_index, e_key.port, s->ext_host_port);
-  kv.value = s - tsm->sessions;
-  ctx.now = now;
-  ctx.thread_index = thread_index;
-  if (clib_bihash_add_or_overwrite_stale_16_8 (&tsm->out2in_ed, &kv,
-                                              nat44_o2i_ed_is_idle_session_cb,
-                                              &ctx))
-    nat_log_notice ("out2in-ed key add failed");
+  s->out2in.addr = o2i_addr;
+  s->out2in.port = o2i_port;
+  s->out2in.fib_index = o2i_fib_index;
+  s->in2out.addr = i2o_addr;
+  s->in2out.port = i2o_port;
+  s->in2out.fib_index = i2o_fib_index;
+  s->nat_proto = nat_proto;
+
+  if (NAT_PROTOCOL_ICMP == nat_proto)
+    {
+      nat_6t_o2i_flow_init (sm, thread_index, s, s->ext_host_addr, o2i_port,
+                           o2i_addr, o2i_port, o2i_fib_index, ip->protocol);
+      nat_6t_flow_icmp_id_rewrite_set (&s->o2i, i2o_port);
+    }
+  else
+    {
+      nat_6t_o2i_flow_init (sm, thread_index, s, s->ext_host_addr,
+                           s->ext_host_port, o2i_addr, o2i_port,
+                           o2i_fib_index, ip->protocol);
+      nat_6t_flow_dport_rewrite_set (&s->o2i, i2o_port);
+    }
+  nat_6t_flow_daddr_rewrite_set (&s->o2i, i2o_addr.as_u32);
+  nat_6t_flow_txfib_rewrite_set (&s->o2i, i2o_fib_index);
+
+  if (nat_ed_ses_o2i_flow_hash_add_del (sm, thread_index, s, 1))
+    {
+      b->error = node->errors[NAT_OUT2IN_ED_ERROR_HASH_ADD_FAILED];
+      nat_ed_session_delete (sm, s, thread_index, 1);
+      nat_elog_warn ("out2in flow hash add failed");
+      return 0;
+    }
 
   if (twice_nat == TWICE_NAT || (twice_nat == TWICE_NAT_SELF &&
-                                ip->src_address.as_u32 == l_key.addr.as_u32))
+                                ip->src_address.as_u32 == i2o_addr.as_u32))
     {
-      eh_key.protocol = e_key.protocol;
-      if (snat_alloc_outside_address_and_port (sm->twice_nat_addresses, 0,
-                                              thread_index, &eh_key,
-                                              sm->port_per_thread,
-                                              tsm->snat_thread_index))
+      int rc = 0;
+      snat_address_t *filter = 0;
+
+      // if exact address is specified use this address
+      if (is_exact_address (mapping))
+       {
+         snat_address_t *ap;
+         vec_foreach (ap, sm->twice_nat_addresses)
+         {
+           if (mapping->pool_addr.as_u32 == ap->addr.as_u32)
+             {
+               filter = ap;
+               break;
+             }
+         }
+       }
+
+      if (filter)
+       {
+         rc = nat_alloc_addr_and_port_exact (filter,
+                                             thread_index,
+                                             nat_proto,
+                                             &s->ext_host_nat_addr,
+                                             &s->ext_host_nat_port,
+                                             sm->port_per_thread,
+                                             tsm->snat_thread_index);
+         s->flags |= SNAT_SESSION_FLAG_EXACT_ADDRESS;
+       }
+      else
+       {
+         rc = nat44_ed_alloc_outside_addr_and_port (
+           sm->twice_nat_addresses, 0, thread_index, nat_proto,
+           &s->ext_host_nat_addr, &s->ext_host_nat_port, sm->port_per_thread,
+           tsm->snat_thread_index);
+       }
+
+      if (rc)
        {
          b->error = node->errors[NAT_OUT2IN_ED_ERROR_OUT_OF_PORTS];
-         nat44_delete_session (sm, s, thread_index);
-         if (clib_bihash_add_del_16_8 (&tsm->out2in_ed, &kv, 0))
-           nat_log_notice ("out2in-ed key del failed");
+         if (nat_ed_ses_o2i_flow_hash_add_del (sm, thread_index, s, 0))
+           {
+             nat_elog_warn ("out2in flow hash del failed");
+           }
+         snat_free_outside_address_and_port (
+           sm->twice_nat_addresses, thread_index, &s->ext_host_nat_addr,
+           s->ext_host_nat_port, s->nat_proto);
+         nat_ed_session_delete (sm, s, thread_index, 1);
          return 0;
        }
-      s->ext_host_nat_addr.as_u32 = eh_key.addr.as_u32;
-      s->ext_host_nat_port = eh_key.port;
+
       s->flags |= SNAT_SESSION_FLAG_TWICE_NAT;
-      make_ed_kv (&kv, &l_key.addr, &s->ext_host_nat_addr, ip->protocol,
-                 l_key.fib_index, l_key.port, s->ext_host_nat_port);
+
+      nat_6t_flow_saddr_rewrite_set (&s->o2i, s->ext_host_nat_addr.as_u32);
+      if (NAT_PROTOCOL_ICMP == nat_proto)
+       {
+         nat_6t_flow_icmp_id_rewrite_set (&s->o2i, s->ext_host_nat_port);
+       }
+      else
+       {
+         nat_6t_flow_sport_rewrite_set (&s->o2i, s->ext_host_nat_port);
+       }
+
+      nat_6t_l3_l4_csum_calc (&s->o2i);
+
+      nat_6t_i2o_flow_init (sm, thread_index, s, i2o_addr, i2o_port,
+                           s->ext_host_nat_addr, s->ext_host_nat_port,
+                           i2o_fib_index, ip->protocol);
+      nat_6t_flow_daddr_rewrite_set (&s->i2o, s->ext_host_addr.as_u32);
+      if (NAT_PROTOCOL_ICMP == nat_proto)
+       {
+         nat_6t_flow_icmp_id_rewrite_set (&s->i2o, s->ext_host_port);
+       }
+      else
+       {
+         nat_6t_flow_dport_rewrite_set (&s->i2o, s->ext_host_port);
+       }
     }
   else
     {
-      make_ed_kv (&kv, &l_key.addr, &s->ext_host_addr, ip->protocol,
-                 l_key.fib_index, l_key.port, s->ext_host_port);
+      if (NAT_PROTOCOL_ICMP == nat_proto)
+       {
+         nat_6t_i2o_flow_init (sm, thread_index, s, i2o_addr, i2o_port,
+                               s->ext_host_addr, i2o_port, i2o_fib_index,
+                               ip->protocol);
+       }
+      else
+       {
+         nat_6t_i2o_flow_init (sm, thread_index, s, i2o_addr, i2o_port,
+                               s->ext_host_addr, s->ext_host_port,
+                               i2o_fib_index, ip->protocol);
+       }
     }
-  kv.value = s - tsm->sessions;
-  if (clib_bihash_add_or_overwrite_stale_16_8 (&tsm->in2out_ed, &kv,
-                                              nat44_i2o_ed_is_idle_session_cb,
-                                              &ctx))
-    nat_log_notice ("in2out-ed key add failed");
-
-  snat_ipfix_logging_nat44_ses_create (thread_index,
-                                      s->in2out.addr.as_u32,
-                                      s->out2in.addr.as_u32,
-                                      s->in2out.protocol,
-                                      s->in2out.port,
-                                      s->out2in.port, s->in2out.fib_index);
-
-  nat_syslog_nat44_sadd (s->user_index, s->in2out.fib_index,
-                        &s->in2out.addr, s->in2out.port,
-                        &s->ext_host_nat_addr, s->ext_host_nat_port,
-                        &s->out2in.addr, s->out2in.port,
-                        &s->ext_host_addr, s->ext_host_port,
-                        s->in2out.protocol, is_twice_nat_session (s));
-
-  nat_ha_sadd (&s->in2out.addr, s->in2out.port, &s->out2in.addr,
-              s->out2in.port, &s->ext_host_addr, s->ext_host_port,
-              &s->ext_host_nat_addr, s->ext_host_nat_port,
-              s->in2out.protocol, s->in2out.fib_index, s->flags,
-              thread_index, 0);
-
-  return s;
-}
-
-static_always_inline int
-icmp_get_ed_key (ip4_header_t * ip0, nat_ed_ses_key_t * p_key0)
-{
-  icmp46_header_t *icmp0;
-  nat_ed_ses_key_t key0;
-  icmp_echo_header_t *echo0, *inner_echo0 = 0;
-  ip4_header_t *inner_ip0;
-  void *l4_header = 0;
-  icmp46_header_t *inner_icmp0;
-
-  icmp0 = (icmp46_header_t *) ip4_next_header (ip0);
-  echo0 = (icmp_echo_header_t *) (icmp0 + 1);
 
-  if (!icmp_is_error_message (icmp0))
+  nat_6t_flow_saddr_rewrite_set (&s->i2o, o2i_addr.as_u32);
+  if (NAT_PROTOCOL_ICMP == nat_proto)
     {
-      key0.proto = IP_PROTOCOL_ICMP;
-      key0.l_addr = ip0->dst_address;
-      key0.r_addr = ip0->src_address;
-      key0.l_port = echo0->identifier;
-      key0.r_port = 0;
+      nat_6t_flow_icmp_id_rewrite_set (&s->i2o, o2i_port);
     }
   else
     {
-      inner_ip0 = (ip4_header_t *) (echo0 + 1);
-      l4_header = ip4_next_header (inner_ip0);
-      key0.proto = inner_ip0->protocol;
-      key0.l_addr = inner_ip0->src_address;
-      key0.r_addr = inner_ip0->dst_address;
-      switch (ip_proto_to_snat_proto (inner_ip0->protocol))
+      nat_6t_flow_sport_rewrite_set (&s->i2o, o2i_port);
+    }
+
+  if (nat_ed_ses_i2o_flow_hash_add_del (sm, thread_index, s, 1))
+    {
+      nat_elog_notice ("in2out flow hash add failed");
+      if (nat_ed_ses_o2i_flow_hash_add_del (sm, thread_index, s, 0))
        {
-       case SNAT_PROTOCOL_ICMP:
-         inner_icmp0 = (icmp46_header_t *) l4_header;
-         inner_echo0 = (icmp_echo_header_t *) (inner_icmp0 + 1);
-         key0.l_port = inner_echo0->identifier;
-         key0.r_port = 0;
-         break;
-       case SNAT_PROTOCOL_UDP:
-       case SNAT_PROTOCOL_TCP:
-         key0.l_port = ((tcp_udp_header_t *) l4_header)->src_port;
-         key0.r_port = ((tcp_udp_header_t *) l4_header)->dst_port;
-         break;
-       default:
-         return -1;
+         nat_elog_warn ("out2in flow hash del failed");
        }
+      nat_ed_session_delete (sm, s, thread_index, 1);
+      return 0;
     }
-  *p_key0 = key0;
-  return 0;
-}
 
-static int
-next_src_nat (snat_main_t * sm, ip4_header_t * ip, u8 proto, u16 src_port,
-             u16 dst_port, u32 thread_index, u32 rx_fib_index)
-{
-  clib_bihash_kv_16_8_t kv, value;
-  snat_main_per_thread_data_t *tsm = &sm->per_thread_data[thread_index];
+  nat_ipfix_logging_nat44_ses_create (thread_index,
+                                     s->in2out.addr.as_u32,
+                                     s->out2in.addr.as_u32,
+                                     s->nat_proto,
+                                     s->in2out.port,
+                                     s->out2in.port, s->in2out.fib_index);
 
-  make_ed_kv (&kv, &ip->src_address, &ip->dst_address, proto,
-             rx_fib_index, src_port, dst_port);
-  if (!clib_bihash_search_16_8 (&tsm->in2out_ed, &kv, &value))
-    return 1;
+  nat_syslog_nat44_sadd (s->user_index, s->in2out.fib_index,
+                        &s->in2out.addr, s->in2out.port,
+                        &s->ext_host_nat_addr, s->ext_host_nat_port,
+                        &s->out2in.addr, s->out2in.port,
+                        &s->ext_host_addr, s->ext_host_port,
+                        s->nat_proto, is_twice_nat_session (s));
 
-  return 0;
+  per_vrf_sessions_register_session (s, thread_index);
+
+  return s;
 }
 
 static void
-create_bypass_for_fwd (snat_main_t * sm, ip4_header_t * ip, u32 rx_fib_index,
-                      u32 thread_index)
+create_bypass_for_fwd (snat_main_t *sm, vlib_buffer_t *b, snat_session_t *s,
+                      ip4_header_t *ip, u32 rx_fib_index, u32 thread_index)
 {
-  nat_ed_ses_key_t key;
   clib_bihash_kv_16_8_t kv, value;
   udp_header_t *udp;
-  snat_user_t *u;
-  snat_session_t *s = 0;
   snat_main_per_thread_data_t *tsm = &sm->per_thread_data[thread_index];
-  f64 now = vlib_time_now (sm->vlib_main);
+  vlib_main_t *vm = vlib_get_main ();
+  f64 now = vlib_time_now (vm);
+  u16 lookup_sport, lookup_dport;
+  u8 lookup_protocol;
+  ip4_address_t lookup_saddr, lookup_daddr;
 
   if (ip->protocol == IP_PROTOCOL_ICMP)
     {
-      if (icmp_get_ed_key (ip, &key))
+      if (nat_get_icmp_session_lookup_values (b, ip, &lookup_saddr,
+                                             &lookup_sport, &lookup_daddr,
+                                             &lookup_dport, &lookup_protocol))
        return;
     }
-  else if (ip->protocol == IP_PROTOCOL_UDP || ip->protocol == IP_PROTOCOL_TCP)
-    {
-      udp = ip4_next_header (ip);
-      key.r_addr = ip->src_address;
-      key.l_addr = ip->dst_address;
-      key.proto = ip->protocol;
-      key.l_port = udp->dst_port;
-      key.r_port = udp->src_port;
-    }
   else
     {
-      key.r_addr = ip->src_address;
-      key.l_addr = ip->dst_address;
-      key.proto = ip->protocol;
-      key.l_port = key.r_port = 0;
+      if (ip->protocol == IP_PROTOCOL_UDP || ip->protocol == IP_PROTOCOL_TCP)
+       {
+         udp = ip4_next_header (ip);
+         lookup_sport = udp->dst_port;
+         lookup_dport = udp->src_port;
+       }
+      else
+       {
+         lookup_sport = 0;
+         lookup_dport = 0;
+       }
+      lookup_saddr.as_u32 = ip->dst_address.as_u32;
+      lookup_daddr.as_u32 = ip->src_address.as_u32;
+      lookup_protocol = ip->protocol;
     }
-  key.fib_index = 0;
-  kv.key[0] = key.as_u64[0];
-  kv.key[1] = key.as_u64[1];
 
-  if (!clib_bihash_search_16_8 (&tsm->in2out_ed, &kv, &value))
+  init_ed_k (&kv, lookup_saddr, lookup_sport, lookup_daddr, lookup_dport,
+            rx_fib_index, lookup_protocol);
+
+  if (!clib_bihash_search_16_8 (&sm->flow_hash, &kv, &value))
+    {
+      ASSERT (thread_index == ed_value_get_thread_index (&value));
+      s =
+       pool_elt_at_index (tsm->sessions,
+                          ed_value_get_session_index (&value));
+    }
+  else if (ip->protocol == IP_PROTOCOL_ICMP &&
+          icmp_type_is_error_message
+          (vnet_buffer (b)->ip.reass.icmp_type_or_tcp_flags))
     {
-      s = pool_elt_at_index (tsm->sessions, value.value);
+      return;
     }
   else
     {
-      if (PREDICT_FALSE (maximum_sessions_exceeded (sm, thread_index)))
+      u32 proto;
+
+      if (PREDICT_FALSE
+         (nat44_ed_maximum_sessions_exceeded
+          (sm, rx_fib_index, thread_index)))
        return;
 
-      u = nat_user_get_or_create (sm, &ip->dst_address, sm->inside_fib_index,
-                                 thread_index);
-      if (!u)
+      s = nat_ed_session_alloc (sm, thread_index, now, ip->protocol);
+      if (!s)
        {
-         nat_log_warn ("create NAT user failed");
+         nat_elog_warn ("create NAT session failed");
          return;
        }
 
-      s = nat_ed_session_alloc (sm, u, thread_index, now);
-      if (!s)
+      proto = ip_proto_to_nat_proto (ip->protocol);
+
+      s->ext_host_addr = ip->src_address;
+      s->ext_host_port = lookup_dport;
+      s->flags |= SNAT_SESSION_FLAG_FWD_BYPASS;
+      s->out2in.addr = ip->dst_address;
+      s->out2in.port = lookup_sport;
+      s->nat_proto = proto;
+      if (proto == NAT_PROTOCOL_OTHER)
        {
-         nat44_delete_user_with_no_session (sm, u, thread_index);
-         nat_log_warn ("create NAT session failed");
+         s->flags |= SNAT_SESSION_FLAG_UNKNOWN_PROTO;
+         s->out2in.port = ip->protocol;
+       }
+      s->out2in.fib_index = rx_fib_index;
+      s->in2out.addr = s->out2in.addr;
+      s->in2out.port = s->out2in.port;
+      s->in2out.fib_index = s->out2in.fib_index;
+
+      nat_6t_i2o_flow_init (sm, thread_index, s, ip->dst_address, lookup_sport,
+                           ip->src_address, lookup_dport, rx_fib_index,
+                           ip->protocol);
+      nat_6t_flow_txfib_rewrite_set (&s->i2o, rx_fib_index);
+      if (nat_ed_ses_i2o_flow_hash_add_del (sm, thread_index, s, 1))
+       {
+         nat_elog_notice ("in2out flow add failed");
+         nat_ed_session_delete (sm, s, thread_index, 1);
          return;
        }
 
-      s->ext_host_addr = key.r_addr;
-      s->ext_host_port = key.r_port;
-      s->flags |= SNAT_SESSION_FLAG_FWD_BYPASS;
-      s->out2in.addr = key.l_addr;
-      s->out2in.port = key.l_port;
-      s->out2in.protocol = ip_proto_to_snat_proto (key.proto);
-      s->out2in.fib_index = 0;
-      s->in2out = s->out2in;
-      user_session_increment (sm, u, 0);
-
-      kv.value = s - tsm->sessions;
-      if (clib_bihash_add_del_16_8 (&tsm->in2out_ed, &kv, 1))
-       nat_log_notice ("in2out_ed key add failed");
+      per_vrf_sessions_register_session (s, thread_index);
     }
 
   if (ip->protocol == IP_PROTOCOL_TCP)
     {
       tcp_header_t *tcp = ip4_next_header (ip);
-      if (nat44_set_tcp_session_state_o2i (sm, s, tcp, thread_index))
-       return;
+      nat44_set_tcp_session_state_o2i (sm, now, s, tcp->flags,
+                                      tcp->ack_number, tcp->seq_number,
+                                      thread_index);
     }
 
   /* Accounting */
@@ -499,219 +685,75 @@ create_bypass_for_fwd (snat_main_t * sm, ip4_header_t * ip, u32 rx_fib_index,
   nat44_session_update_lru (sm, s, thread_index);
 }
 
-#ifndef CLIB_MARCH_VARIANT
-u32
-icmp_match_out2in_ed (snat_main_t * sm, vlib_node_runtime_t * node,
-                     u32 thread_index, vlib_buffer_t * b, ip4_header_t * ip,
-                     u8 * p_proto, snat_session_key_t * p_value,
-                     u8 * p_dont_translate, void *d, void *e)
+static snat_session_t *
+nat44_ed_out2in_slowpath_unknown_proto (snat_main_t *sm, vlib_buffer_t *b,
+                                       ip4_header_t *ip, u32 rx_fib_index,
+                                       u32 thread_index, f64 now,
+                                       vlib_main_t *vm,
+                                       vlib_node_runtime_t *node)
 {
-  u32 next = ~0, sw_if_index, rx_fib_index;
-  icmp46_header_t *icmp;
-  nat_ed_ses_key_t key;
-  clib_bihash_kv_16_8_t kv, value;
-  snat_main_per_thread_data_t *tsm = &sm->per_thread_data[thread_index];
-  snat_session_t *s = 0;
-  u8 dont_translate = 0, is_addr_only, identity_nat;
-  snat_session_key_t e_key, l_key;
-
-  icmp = (icmp46_header_t *) ip4_next_header (ip);
-  sw_if_index = vnet_buffer (b)->sw_if_index[VLIB_RX];
-  rx_fib_index = ip4_fib_table_get_index_for_sw_if_index (sw_if_index);
+  clib_bihash_kv_8_8_t kv, value;
+  snat_static_mapping_t *m;
+  snat_session_t *s;
 
-  if (icmp_get_ed_key (ip, &key))
+  if (PREDICT_FALSE (
+       nat44_ed_maximum_sessions_exceeded (sm, rx_fib_index, thread_index)))
     {
-      b->error = node->errors[NAT_OUT2IN_ED_ERROR_UNSUPPORTED_PROTOCOL];
-      next = NAT44_ED_OUT2IN_NEXT_DROP;
-      goto out;
+      b->error = node->errors[NAT_OUT2IN_ED_ERROR_MAX_SESSIONS_EXCEEDED];
+      nat_elog_notice ("maximum sessions exceeded");
+      return 0;
     }
-  key.fib_index = rx_fib_index;
-  kv.key[0] = key.as_u64[0];
-  kv.key[1] = key.as_u64[1];
 
-  if (clib_bihash_search_16_8 (&tsm->out2in_ed, &kv, &value))
+  init_nat_k (&kv, ip->dst_address, 0, 0, 0);
+  if (clib_bihash_search_8_8 (&sm->static_mapping_by_external, &kv, &value))
     {
-      /* Try to match static mapping */
-      e_key.addr = ip->dst_address;
-      e_key.port = key.l_port;
-      e_key.protocol = ip_proto_to_snat_proto (key.proto);
-      e_key.fib_index = rx_fib_index;
-      if (snat_static_mapping_match
-         (sm, e_key, &l_key, 1, &is_addr_only, 0, 0, 0, &identity_nat))
-       {
-         if (!sm->forwarding_enabled)
-           {
-             /* Don't NAT packet aimed at the intfc address */
-             if (PREDICT_FALSE (is_interface_addr (sm, node, sw_if_index,
-                                                   ip->dst_address.as_u32)))
-               {
-                 dont_translate = 1;
-                 goto out;
-               }
-             b->error = node->errors[NAT_OUT2IN_ED_ERROR_NO_TRANSLATION];
-             next = NAT44_ED_OUT2IN_NEXT_DROP;
-             goto out;
-           }
-         else
-           {
-             dont_translate = 1;
-             if (next_src_nat (sm, ip, key.proto, key.l_port, key.r_port,
-                               thread_index, rx_fib_index))
-               {
-                 next = NAT44_ED_OUT2IN_NEXT_IN2OUT;
-                 goto out;
-               }
-             create_bypass_for_fwd (sm, ip, rx_fib_index, thread_index);
-             goto out;
-           }
-       }
-
-      if (PREDICT_FALSE (icmp->type != ICMP4_echo_reply &&
-                        (icmp->type != ICMP4_echo_request || !is_addr_only)))
-       {
-         b->error = node->errors[NAT_OUT2IN_ED_ERROR_BAD_ICMP_TYPE];
-         next = NAT44_ED_OUT2IN_NEXT_DROP;
-         goto out;
-       }
+      b->error = node->errors[NAT_OUT2IN_ED_ERROR_NO_TRANSLATION];
+      return 0;
+    }
 
-      if (PREDICT_FALSE (identity_nat))
-       {
-         dont_translate = 1;
-         goto out;
-       }
+  m = pool_elt_at_index (sm->static_mappings, value.value);
 
-      /* Create session initiated by host from external network */
-      s = create_session_for_static_mapping_ed (sm, b, l_key, e_key, node,
-                                               thread_index, 0, 0,
-                                               vlib_time_now
-                                               (sm->vlib_main));
+  /* Create a new session */
+  s = nat_ed_session_alloc (sm, thread_index, now, ip->protocol);
+  if (!s)
+    {
+      b->error = node->errors[NAT_OUT2IN_ED_ERROR_MAX_USER_SESS_EXCEEDED];
+      nat_elog_warn ("create NAT session failed");
+      return 0;
+    }
 
-      if (!s)
-       {
-         next = NAT44_ED_OUT2IN_NEXT_DROP;
-         goto out;
-       }
-    }
-  else
+  s->ext_host_addr.as_u32 = ip->src_address.as_u32;
+  s->flags |= SNAT_SESSION_FLAG_UNKNOWN_PROTO;
+  s->flags |= SNAT_SESSION_FLAG_STATIC_MAPPING;
+  s->flags |= SNAT_SESSION_FLAG_ENDPOINT_DEPENDENT;
+  s->out2in.addr.as_u32 = ip->dst_address.as_u32;
+  s->out2in.fib_index = rx_fib_index;
+  s->in2out.addr.as_u32 = m->local_addr.as_u32;
+  s->in2out.fib_index = m->fib_index;
+  s->in2out.port = s->out2in.port = ip->protocol;
+
+  nat_6t_o2i_flow_init (sm, thread_index, s, ip->dst_address, 0,
+                       ip->src_address, 0, m->fib_index, ip->protocol);
+  nat_6t_flow_saddr_rewrite_set (&s->i2o, ip->dst_address.as_u32);
+  if (nat_ed_ses_i2o_flow_hash_add_del (sm, thread_index, s, 1))
     {
-      if (PREDICT_FALSE (icmp->type != ICMP4_echo_reply &&
-                        icmp->type != ICMP4_echo_request &&
-                        !icmp_is_error_message (icmp)))
-       {
-         b->error = node->errors[NAT_OUT2IN_ED_ERROR_BAD_ICMP_TYPE];
-         next = NAT44_ED_OUT2IN_NEXT_DROP;
-         goto out;
-       }
-
-      s = pool_elt_at_index (tsm->sessions, value.value);
+      nat_elog_notice ("in2out key add failed");
+      nat_ed_session_delete (sm, s, thread_index, 1);
+      return NULL;
     }
 
-  *p_proto = ip_proto_to_snat_proto (key.proto);
-out:
-  if (s)
-    *p_value = s->in2out;
-  *p_dont_translate = dont_translate;
-  if (d)
-    *(snat_session_t **) d = s;
-  return next;
-}
-#endif
-
-static snat_session_t *
-nat44_ed_out2in_unknown_proto (snat_main_t * sm,
-                              vlib_buffer_t * b,
-                              ip4_header_t * ip,
-                              u32 rx_fib_index,
-                              u32 thread_index,
-                              f64 now,
-                              vlib_main_t * vm, vlib_node_runtime_t * node)
-{
-  clib_bihash_kv_8_8_t kv, value;
-  clib_bihash_kv_16_8_t s_kv, s_value;
-  snat_static_mapping_t *m;
-  u32 old_addr, new_addr;
-  ip_csum_t sum;
-  snat_session_t *s;
-  snat_main_per_thread_data_t *tsm = &sm->per_thread_data[thread_index];
-  snat_user_t *u;
-
-  old_addr = ip->dst_address.as_u32;
-
-  make_ed_kv (&s_kv, &ip->dst_address, &ip->src_address, ip->protocol,
-             rx_fib_index, 0, 0);
-
-  if (!clib_bihash_search_16_8 (&tsm->out2in_ed, &s_kv, &s_value))
+  nat_6t_o2i_flow_init (sm, thread_index, s, ip->src_address, 0,
+                       ip->dst_address, 0, rx_fib_index, ip->protocol);
+  nat_6t_flow_daddr_rewrite_set (&s->o2i, m->local_addr.as_u32);
+  nat_6t_flow_txfib_rewrite_set (&s->o2i, m->fib_index);
+  if (nat_ed_ses_o2i_flow_hash_add_del (sm, thread_index, s, 1))
     {
-      s = pool_elt_at_index (tsm->sessions, s_value.value);
-      new_addr = ip->dst_address.as_u32 = s->in2out.addr.as_u32;
+      nat_elog_notice ("out2in flow hash add failed");
+      nat_ed_session_delete (sm, s, thread_index, 1);
+      return NULL;
     }
-  else
-    {
-      if (PREDICT_FALSE (maximum_sessions_exceeded (sm, thread_index)))
-       {
-         b->error = node->errors[NAT_OUT2IN_ED_ERROR_MAX_SESSIONS_EXCEEDED];
-         nat_log_notice ("maximum sessions exceeded");
-         return 0;
-       }
-
-      make_sm_kv (&kv, &ip->dst_address, 0, 0, 0);
-      if (clib_bihash_search_8_8
-         (&sm->static_mapping_by_external, &kv, &value))
-       {
-         b->error = node->errors[NAT_OUT2IN_ED_ERROR_NO_TRANSLATION];
-         return 0;
-       }
-
-      m = pool_elt_at_index (sm->static_mappings, value.value);
-
-      new_addr = ip->dst_address.as_u32 = m->local_addr.as_u32;
-
-      u = nat_user_get_or_create (sm, &m->local_addr, m->fib_index,
-                                 thread_index);
-      if (!u)
-       {
-         nat_log_warn ("create NAT user failed");
-         return 0;
-       }
-
-      /* Create a new session */
-      s = nat_ed_session_alloc (sm, u, thread_index, now);
-      if (!s)
-       {
-         nat44_delete_user_with_no_session (sm, u, thread_index);
-         nat_log_warn ("create NAT session failed");
-         return 0;
-       }
-
-      s->ext_host_addr.as_u32 = ip->src_address.as_u32;
-      s->flags |= SNAT_SESSION_FLAG_UNKNOWN_PROTO;
-      s->flags |= SNAT_SESSION_FLAG_STATIC_MAPPING;
-      s->flags |= SNAT_SESSION_FLAG_ENDPOINT_DEPENDENT;
-      s->out2in.addr.as_u32 = old_addr;
-      s->out2in.fib_index = rx_fib_index;
-      s->in2out.addr.as_u32 = new_addr;
-      s->in2out.fib_index = m->fib_index;
-      s->in2out.port = s->out2in.port = ip->protocol;
-      user_session_increment (sm, u, 1);
-
-      /* Add to lookup tables */
-      s_kv.value = s - tsm->sessions;
-      if (clib_bihash_add_del_16_8 (&tsm->out2in_ed, &s_kv, 1))
-       nat_log_notice ("out2in key add failed");
-
-      make_ed_kv (&s_kv, &ip->dst_address, &ip->src_address, ip->protocol,
-                 m->fib_index, 0, 0);
-      s_kv.value = s - tsm->sessions;
-      if (clib_bihash_add_del_16_8 (&tsm->in2out_ed, &s_kv, 1))
-       nat_log_notice ("in2out key add failed");
-    }
-
-  /* Update IP checksum */
-  sum = ip->checksum;
-  sum = ip_csum_update (sum, old_addr, new_addr, ip4_header_t, dst_address);
-  ip->checksum = ip_csum_fold (sum);
 
-  vnet_buffer (b)->sw_if_index[VLIB_TX] = s->in2out.fib_index;
+  per_vrf_sessions_register_session (s, thread_index);
 
   /* Accounting */
   nat44_session_update_counters (s, now, vlib_buffer_length_in_chain (vm, b),
@@ -723,837 +765,601 @@ nat44_ed_out2in_unknown_proto (snat_main_t * sm,
 }
 
 static inline uword
-nat44_ed_out2in_node_fn_inline (vlib_main_t * vm,
-                               vlib_node_runtime_t * node,
-                               vlib_frame_t * frame, int is_slow_path)
+nat44_ed_out2in_fast_path_node_fn_inline (vlib_main_t * vm,
+                                         vlib_node_runtime_t * node,
+                                         vlib_frame_t * frame,
+                                         int is_multi_worker)
 {
-  u32 n_left_from, *from, *to_next, pkts_processed = 0, stats_node_index;
-  nat44_ed_out2in_next_t next_index;
+  u32 n_left_from, *from;
   snat_main_t *sm = &snat_main;
   f64 now = vlib_time_now (vm);
   u32 thread_index = vm->thread_index;
   snat_main_per_thread_data_t *tsm = &sm->per_thread_data[thread_index];
-  u32 tcp_packets = 0, udp_packets = 0, icmp_packets = 0, other_packets =
-    0, fragments = 0;
-
-  stats_node_index = is_slow_path ? sm->ed_out2in_slowpath_node_index :
-    sm->ed_out2in_node_index;
 
   from = vlib_frame_vector_args (frame);
   n_left_from = frame->n_vectors;
-  next_index = node->cached_next_index;
+
+  vlib_buffer_t *bufs[VLIB_FRAME_SIZE], **b = bufs;
+  u16 nexts[VLIB_FRAME_SIZE], *next = nexts;
+  vlib_get_buffers (vm, from, b, n_left_from);
 
   while (n_left_from > 0)
     {
-      u32 n_left_to_next;
-
-      vlib_get_next_frame (vm, node, next_index, to_next, n_left_to_next);
-
-      while (n_left_from >= 4 && n_left_to_next >= 2)
+      vlib_buffer_t *b0;
+      u32 sw_if_index0, rx_fib_index0;
+      nat_protocol_t proto0;
+      ip4_header_t *ip0;
+      snat_session_t *s0 = 0;
+      clib_bihash_kv_16_8_t kv0, value0;
+      nat_translation_error_e translation_error = NAT_ED_TRNSL_ERR_SUCCESS;
+      nat_6t_flow_t *f = 0;
+      ip4_address_t lookup_saddr, lookup_daddr;
+      u16 lookup_sport, lookup_dport;
+      u8 lookup_protocol;
+      int lookup_skipped = 0;
+
+      b0 = *b;
+      b++;
+
+      lookup_sport = vnet_buffer (b0)->ip.reass.l4_src_port;
+      lookup_dport = vnet_buffer (b0)->ip.reass.l4_dst_port;
+
+      /* Prefetch next iteration. */
+      if (PREDICT_TRUE (n_left_from >= 2))
        {
-         u32 bi0, bi1;
-         vlib_buffer_t *b0, *b1;
-         u32 next0, sw_if_index0, rx_fib_index0, proto0, old_addr0,
-           new_addr0;
-         u32 next1, sw_if_index1, rx_fib_index1, proto1, old_addr1,
-           new_addr1;
-         u16 old_port0, new_port0, old_port1, new_port1;
-         ip4_header_t *ip0, *ip1;
-         udp_header_t *udp0, *udp1;
-         tcp_header_t *tcp0, *tcp1;
-         icmp46_header_t *icmp0, *icmp1;
-         snat_session_t *s0 = 0, *s1 = 0;
-         clib_bihash_kv_16_8_t kv0, value0, kv1, value1;
-         ip_csum_t sum0, sum1;
-         snat_session_key_t e_key0, l_key0, e_key1, l_key1;
-         lb_nat_type_t lb_nat0, lb_nat1;
-         twice_nat_type_t twice_nat0, twice_nat1;
-         u8 identity_nat0, identity_nat1;
-
-         /* Prefetch next iteration. */
-         {
-           vlib_buffer_t *p2, *p3;
-
-           p2 = vlib_get_buffer (vm, from[2]);
-           p3 = vlib_get_buffer (vm, from[3]);
+         vlib_buffer_t *p2;
 
-           vlib_prefetch_buffer_header (p2, LOAD);
-           vlib_prefetch_buffer_header (p3, LOAD);
+         p2 = *b;
 
-           CLIB_PREFETCH (p2->data, CLIB_CACHE_LINE_BYTES, STORE);
-           CLIB_PREFETCH (p3->data, CLIB_CACHE_LINE_BYTES, STORE);
-         }
+         vlib_prefetch_buffer_header (p2, LOAD);
 
-         /* speculatively enqueue b0 and b1 to the current next frame */
-         to_next[0] = bi0 = from[0];
-         to_next[1] = bi1 = from[1];
-         from += 2;
-         to_next += 2;
-         n_left_from -= 2;
-         n_left_to_next -= 2;
+         CLIB_PREFETCH (p2->data, CLIB_CACHE_LINE_BYTES, LOAD);
+       }
 
-         b0 = vlib_get_buffer (vm, bi0);
-         b1 = vlib_get_buffer (vm, bi1);
+      next[0] = vnet_buffer2 (b0)->nat.arc_next;
 
-         next0 = NAT44_ED_OUT2IN_NEXT_LOOKUP;
-         vnet_buffer (b0)->snat.flags = 0;
-         ip0 = vlib_buffer_get_current (b0);
+      vnet_buffer (b0)->snat.flags = 0;
+      ip0 = vlib_buffer_get_current (b0);
 
-         sw_if_index0 = vnet_buffer (b0)->sw_if_index[VLIB_RX];
-         rx_fib_index0 =
-           fib_table_get_index_for_sw_if_index (FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
-                                                sw_if_index0);
+      sw_if_index0 = vnet_buffer (b0)->sw_if_index[VLIB_RX];
+      rx_fib_index0 =
+       fib_table_get_index_for_sw_if_index (FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4, sw_if_index0);
 
-         if (PREDICT_FALSE (ip0->ttl == 1))
-           {
-             vnet_buffer (b0)->sw_if_index[VLIB_TX] = (u32) ~ 0;
-             icmp4_error_set_vnet_buffer (b0, ICMP4_time_exceeded,
-                                          ICMP4_time_exceeded_ttl_exceeded_in_transit,
-                                          0);
-             next0 = NAT44_ED_OUT2IN_NEXT_ICMP_ERROR;
-             goto trace00;
-           }
+      if (PREDICT_FALSE (ip0->ttl == 1))
+       {
+         vnet_buffer (b0)->sw_if_index[VLIB_TX] = (u32) ~ 0;
+         icmp4_error_set_vnet_buffer (b0, ICMP4_time_exceeded,
+                                      ICMP4_time_exceeded_ttl_exceeded_in_transit,
+                                      0);
+         next[0] = NAT_NEXT_ICMP_ERROR;
+         goto trace0;
+       }
 
-         udp0 = ip4_next_header (ip0);
-         tcp0 = (tcp_header_t *) udp0;
-         icmp0 = (icmp46_header_t *) udp0;
-         proto0 = ip_proto_to_snat_proto (ip0->protocol);
+      proto0 = ip_proto_to_nat_proto (ip0->protocol);
 
-         if (is_slow_path)
+      if (PREDICT_FALSE (proto0 == NAT_PROTOCOL_ICMP))
+       {
+         if (vnet_buffer (b0)->ip.reass.icmp_type_or_tcp_flags !=
+               ICMP4_echo_request &&
+             vnet_buffer (b0)->ip.reass.icmp_type_or_tcp_flags !=
+               ICMP4_echo_reply &&
+             !icmp_type_is_error_message (
+               vnet_buffer (b0)->ip.reass.icmp_type_or_tcp_flags))
            {
-             if (PREDICT_FALSE (proto0 == ~0))
-               {
-                 s0 =
-                   nat44_ed_out2in_unknown_proto (sm, b0, ip0, rx_fib_index0,
-                                                  thread_index, now, vm,
-                                                  node);
-                 other_packets++;
-                 if (!sm->forwarding_enabled)
-                   {
-                     if (!s0)
-                       next0 = NAT44_ED_OUT2IN_NEXT_DROP;
-                     goto trace00;
-                   }
-               }
-
-             if (PREDICT_FALSE (proto0 == SNAT_PROTOCOL_ICMP))
-               {
-                 next0 = icmp_out2in_ed_slow_path
-                   (sm, b0, ip0, icmp0, sw_if_index0, rx_fib_index0, node,
-                    next0, now, thread_index, &s0);
-                 icmp_packets++;
-                 goto trace00;
-               }
+             b0->error = node->errors[NAT_OUT2IN_ED_ERROR_BAD_ICMP_TYPE];
+             next[0] = NAT_NEXT_DROP;
+             goto trace0;
            }
-         else
+         int err = nat_get_icmp_session_lookup_values (
+           b0, ip0, &lookup_saddr, &lookup_sport, &lookup_daddr,
+           &lookup_dport, &lookup_protocol);
+         if (err != 0)
            {
-             if (PREDICT_FALSE (proto0 == ~0))
-               {
-                 next0 = NAT44_ED_OUT2IN_NEXT_SLOW_PATH;
-                 goto trace00;
-               }
-
-             if (ip4_is_fragment (ip0))
-               {
-                 next0 = NAT44_ED_OUT2IN_NEXT_REASS;
-                 fragments++;
-                 goto trace00;
-               }
-
-             if (PREDICT_FALSE (proto0 == SNAT_PROTOCOL_ICMP))
-               {
-                 next0 = NAT44_ED_OUT2IN_NEXT_SLOW_PATH;
-                 goto trace00;
-               }
+             b0->error = node->errors[err];
+             next[0] = NAT_NEXT_DROP;
+             goto trace0;
            }
+       }
+      else
+       {
+         lookup_saddr.as_u32 = ip0->src_address.as_u32;
+         lookup_daddr.as_u32 = ip0->dst_address.as_u32;
+         lookup_protocol = ip0->protocol;
+       }
 
-         make_ed_kv (&kv0, &ip0->dst_address, &ip0->src_address,
-                     ip0->protocol, rx_fib_index0, udp0->dst_port,
-                     udp0->src_port);
-
-         if (clib_bihash_search_16_8 (&tsm->out2in_ed, &kv0, &value0))
+      /* there might be a stashed index in vnet_buffer2 from handoff or
+       * classify node, see if it can be used */
+      if (!pool_is_free_index (tsm->sessions,
+                              vnet_buffer2 (b0)->nat.cached_session_index))
+       {
+         s0 = pool_elt_at_index (tsm->sessions,
+                                 vnet_buffer2 (b0)->nat.cached_session_index);
+         if (PREDICT_TRUE (
+               nat_6t_flow_match (&s0->o2i, b0, lookup_saddr, lookup_sport,
+                                  lookup_daddr, lookup_dport, lookup_protocol,
+                                  rx_fib_index0) ||
+               (s0->flags & SNAT_SESSION_FLAG_TWICE_NAT &&
+                nat_6t_flow_match (&s0->i2o, b0, lookup_saddr, lookup_sport,
+                                   lookup_daddr, lookup_dport,
+                                   lookup_protocol, rx_fib_index0))))
            {
-             if (is_slow_path)
-               {
-                 /* Try to match static mapping by external address and port,
-                    destination address and port in packet */
-                 e_key0.addr = ip0->dst_address;
-                 e_key0.port = udp0->dst_port;
-                 e_key0.protocol = proto0;
-                 e_key0.fib_index = rx_fib_index0;
-                 if (snat_static_mapping_match (sm, e_key0, &l_key0, 1, 0,
-                                                &twice_nat0, &lb_nat0,
-                                                &ip0->src_address,
-                                                &identity_nat0))
-                   {
-                     /*
-                      * Send DHCP packets to the ipv4 stack, or we won't
-                      * be able to use dhcp client on the outside interface
-                      */
-                     if (PREDICT_FALSE (proto0 == SNAT_PROTOCOL_UDP
-                                        && (udp0->dst_port ==
-                                            clib_host_to_net_u16
-                                            (UDP_DST_PORT_dhcp_to_client))))
-                       {
-                         vnet_feature_next (&next0, b0);
-                         goto trace00;
-                       }
-
-                     if (!sm->forwarding_enabled)
-                       {
-                         b0->error =
-                           node->errors[NAT_OUT2IN_ED_ERROR_NO_TRANSLATION];
-                         next0 = NAT44_ED_OUT2IN_NEXT_DROP;
-                       }
-                     else
-                       {
-                         if (next_src_nat (sm, ip0, ip0->protocol,
-                                           udp0->src_port, udp0->dst_port,
-                                           thread_index, rx_fib_index0))
-                           {
-                             next0 = NAT44_ED_OUT2IN_NEXT_IN2OUT;
-                             goto trace00;
-                           }
-                         create_bypass_for_fwd (sm, ip0, rx_fib_index0,
-                                                thread_index);
-                       }
-                     goto trace00;
-                   }
+             /* yes, this is the droid we're looking for */
+             lookup_skipped = 1;
+             goto skip_lookup;
+           }
+         s0 = NULL;
+       }
 
-                 if (PREDICT_FALSE (identity_nat0))
-                   goto trace00;
+      init_ed_k (&kv0, lookup_saddr, lookup_sport, lookup_daddr, lookup_dport,
+                rx_fib_index0, lookup_protocol);
 
-                 if ((proto0 == SNAT_PROTOCOL_TCP) && !tcp_is_init (tcp0))
-                   {
-                     b0->error = node->errors[NAT_OUT2IN_ED_ERROR_NON_SYN];
-                     next0 = NAT44_ED_OUT2IN_NEXT_DROP;
-                     goto trace00;
-                   }
+      // lookup flow
+      if (clib_bihash_search_16_8 (&sm->flow_hash, &kv0, &value0))
+       {
+         // flow does not exist go slow path
+         next[0] = NAT_NEXT_OUT2IN_ED_SLOW_PATH;
+         goto trace0;
+       }
+      ASSERT (thread_index == ed_value_get_thread_index (&value0));
+      s0 =
+       pool_elt_at_index (tsm->sessions,
+                          ed_value_get_session_index (&value0));
+    skip_lookup:
 
-                 /* Create session initiated by host from external network */
-                 s0 = create_session_for_static_mapping_ed (sm, b0, l_key0,
-                                                            e_key0, node,
-                                                            thread_index,
-                                                            twice_nat0,
-                                                            lb_nat0, now);
+      if (PREDICT_FALSE (per_vrf_sessions_is_expired (s0, thread_index)))
+       {
+         // session is closed, go slow path
+         nat_free_session_data (sm, s0, thread_index, 0);
+         nat_ed_session_delete (sm, s0, thread_index, 1);
+         next[0] = NAT_NEXT_OUT2IN_ED_SLOW_PATH;
+         goto trace0;
+       }
 
-                 if (!s0)
-                   {
-                     next0 = NAT44_ED_OUT2IN_NEXT_DROP;
-                     goto trace00;
-                   }
-               }
-             else
-               {
-                 next0 = NAT44_ED_OUT2IN_NEXT_SLOW_PATH;
-                 goto trace00;
-               }
+      if (s0->tcp_closed_timestamp)
+       {
+         if (now >= s0->tcp_closed_timestamp)
+           {
+             // session is closed, go slow path, freed in slow path
+             next[0] = NAT_NEXT_OUT2IN_ED_SLOW_PATH;
            }
          else
            {
-             s0 = pool_elt_at_index (tsm->sessions, value0.value);
+             // session in transitory timeout, drop
+             b0->error = node->errors[NAT_OUT2IN_ED_ERROR_TCP_CLOSED];
+             next[0] = NAT_NEXT_DROP;
            }
+         goto trace0;
+       }
 
-         old_addr0 = ip0->dst_address.as_u32;
-         new_addr0 = ip0->dst_address.as_u32 = s0->in2out.addr.as_u32;
-         vnet_buffer (b0)->sw_if_index[VLIB_TX] = s0->in2out.fib_index;
+      // drop if session expired
+      u64 sess_timeout_time;
+      sess_timeout_time =
+       s0->last_heard + (f64) nat44_session_get_timeout (sm, s0);
+      if (now >= sess_timeout_time)
+       {
+         // session is closed, go slow path
+         nat_free_session_data (sm, s0, thread_index, 0);
+         nat_ed_session_delete (sm, s0, thread_index, 1);
+         next[0] = NAT_NEXT_OUT2IN_ED_SLOW_PATH;
+         goto trace0;
+       }
 
-         sum0 = ip0->checksum;
-         sum0 = ip_csum_update (sum0, old_addr0, new_addr0, ip4_header_t,
-                                dst_address);
-         if (PREDICT_FALSE (is_twice_nat_session (s0)))
-           sum0 = ip_csum_update (sum0, ip0->src_address.as_u32,
-                                  s0->ext_host_nat_addr.as_u32, ip4_header_t,
-                                  src_address);
-         ip0->checksum = ip_csum_fold (sum0);
+      if (nat_6t_flow_match (&s0->o2i, b0, lookup_saddr, lookup_sport,
+                            lookup_daddr, lookup_dport, lookup_protocol,
+                            rx_fib_index0))
+       {
+         f = &s0->o2i;
+       }
+      else if (s0->flags & SNAT_SESSION_FLAG_TWICE_NAT &&
+              nat_6t_flow_match (&s0->i2o, b0, lookup_saddr, lookup_sport,
+                                 lookup_daddr, lookup_dport, lookup_protocol,
+                                 rx_fib_index0))
+       {
+         f = &s0->i2o;
+       }
+      else
+       {
+         /*
+          * Send DHCP packets to the ipv4 stack, or we won't
+          * be able to use dhcp client on the outside interface
+          */
+         if (PREDICT_FALSE (
+               proto0 == NAT_PROTOCOL_UDP &&
+               (vnet_buffer (b0)->ip.reass.l4_dst_port ==
+                clib_host_to_net_u16 (UDP_DST_PORT_dhcp_to_client))))
+           {
+             goto trace0;
+           }
 
-         if (PREDICT_TRUE (proto0 == SNAT_PROTOCOL_TCP))
+         if (!sm->forwarding_enabled)
            {
-             old_port0 = tcp0->dst_port;
-             new_port0 = tcp0->dst_port = s0->in2out.port;
-
-             sum0 = tcp0->checksum;
-             sum0 = ip_csum_update (sum0, old_addr0, new_addr0, ip4_header_t,
-                                    dst_address);
-             sum0 = ip_csum_update (sum0, old_port0, new_port0, ip4_header_t,
-                                    length);
-             if (is_twice_nat_session (s0))
-               {
-                 sum0 = ip_csum_update (sum0, ip0->src_address.as_u32,
-                                        s0->ext_host_nat_addr.as_u32,
-                                        ip4_header_t, dst_address);
-                 sum0 = ip_csum_update (sum0, tcp0->src_port,
-                                        s0->ext_host_nat_port, ip4_header_t,
-                                        length);
-                 tcp0->src_port = s0->ext_host_nat_port;
-                 ip0->src_address.as_u32 = s0->ext_host_nat_addr.as_u32;
-               }
-             tcp0->checksum = ip_csum_fold (sum0);
-             tcp_packets++;
-             if (nat44_set_tcp_session_state_o2i
-                 (sm, s0, tcp0, thread_index))
-               goto trace00;
+             b0->error = node->errors[NAT_OUT2IN_ED_ERROR_NO_TRANSLATION];
+             next[0] = NAT_NEXT_DROP;
+             goto trace0;
            }
          else
            {
-             udp0->dst_port = s0->in2out.port;
-             if (is_twice_nat_session (s0))
+             if (nat_6t_flow_match (&s0->i2o, b0, lookup_saddr, lookup_sport,
+                                    lookup_daddr, lookup_dport,
+                                    lookup_protocol, rx_fib_index0))
                {
-                 udp0->src_port = s0->ext_host_nat_port;
-                 ip0->src_address.as_u32 = s0->ext_host_nat_addr.as_u32;
+                 f = &s0->i2o;
+               }
+             else
+               {
+                 // FIXME TODO bypass ???
+                 //  create_bypass_for_fwd (sm, b0, s0, ip0, rx_fib_index0,
+                 //                       thread_index);
+                 translation_error = NAT_ED_TRNSL_ERR_FLOW_MISMATCH;
+                 nat_free_session_data (sm, s0, thread_index, 0);
+                 nat_ed_session_delete (sm, s0, thread_index, 1);
+                 next[0] = NAT_NEXT_DROP;
+                 goto trace0;
                }
-             udp0->checksum = 0;
-             udp_packets++;
-           }
-
-         /* Accounting */
-         nat44_session_update_counters (s0, now,
-                                        vlib_buffer_length_in_chain (vm, b0),
-                                        thread_index);
-         /* Per-user LRU list maintenance */
-         nat44_session_update_lru (sm, s0, thread_index);
-
-       trace00:
-         if (PREDICT_FALSE ((node->flags & VLIB_NODE_FLAG_TRACE)
-                            && (b0->flags & VLIB_BUFFER_IS_TRACED)))
-           {
-             nat44_ed_out2in_trace_t *t =
-               vlib_add_trace (vm, node, b0, sizeof (*t));
-             t->is_slow_path = is_slow_path;
-             t->sw_if_index = sw_if_index0;
-             t->next_index = next0;
-             t->session_index = ~0;
-             if (s0)
-               t->session_index = s0 - tsm->sessions;
            }
+       }
 
-         pkts_processed += next0 == NAT44_ED_OUT2IN_NEXT_LOOKUP;
-
-         next1 = NAT44_ED_OUT2IN_NEXT_LOOKUP;
-         vnet_buffer (b1)->snat.flags = 0;
-         ip1 = vlib_buffer_get_current (b1);
-
-         sw_if_index1 = vnet_buffer (b1)->sw_if_index[VLIB_RX];
-         rx_fib_index1 =
-           fib_table_get_index_for_sw_if_index (FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
-                                                sw_if_index1);
+      if (NAT_ED_TRNSL_ERR_SUCCESS !=
+         (translation_error = nat_6t_flow_buf_translate (
+            sm, b0, ip0, f, proto0, 0 /* is_output_feature */)))
+       {
+         next[0] = NAT_NEXT_DROP;
+         goto trace0;
+       }
 
-         if (PREDICT_FALSE (ip1->ttl == 1))
-           {
-             vnet_buffer (b1)->sw_if_index[VLIB_TX] = (u32) ~ 0;
-             icmp4_error_set_vnet_buffer (b1, ICMP4_time_exceeded,
-                                          ICMP4_time_exceeded_ttl_exceeded_in_transit,
-                                          0);
-             next1 = NAT44_ED_OUT2IN_NEXT_ICMP_ERROR;
-             goto trace01;
-           }
+      switch (proto0)
+       {
+       case NAT_PROTOCOL_TCP:
+         vlib_increment_simple_counter (&sm->counters.fastpath.out2in_ed.tcp,
+                                        thread_index, sw_if_index0, 1);
+         nat44_set_tcp_session_state_o2i (sm, now, s0,
+                                          vnet_buffer (b0)->ip.
+                                          reass.icmp_type_or_tcp_flags,
+                                          vnet_buffer (b0)->ip.
+                                          reass.tcp_ack_number,
+                                          vnet_buffer (b0)->ip.
+                                          reass.tcp_seq_number,
+                                          thread_index);
+         break;
+       case NAT_PROTOCOL_UDP:
+         vlib_increment_simple_counter (&sm->counters.fastpath.out2in_ed.udp,
+                                        thread_index, sw_if_index0, 1);
+         break;
+       case NAT_PROTOCOL_ICMP:
+         vlib_increment_simple_counter (&sm->counters.fastpath.out2in_ed.icmp,
+                                        thread_index, sw_if_index0, 1);
+         break;
+       case NAT_PROTOCOL_OTHER:
+         vlib_increment_simple_counter (
+           &sm->counters.fastpath.out2in_ed.other, thread_index, sw_if_index0,
+           1);
+         break;
+       }
 
-         udp1 = ip4_next_header (ip1);
-         tcp1 = (tcp_header_t *) udp1;
-         icmp1 = (icmp46_header_t *) udp1;
-         proto1 = ip_proto_to_snat_proto (ip1->protocol);
+      /* Accounting */
+      nat44_session_update_counters (s0, now,
+                                    vlib_buffer_length_in_chain (vm, b0),
+                                    thread_index);
+      /* Per-user LRU list maintenance */
+      nat44_session_update_lru (sm, s0, thread_index);
 
-         if (is_slow_path)
+    trace0:
+      if (PREDICT_FALSE ((node->flags & VLIB_NODE_FLAG_TRACE)
+                        && (b0->flags & VLIB_BUFFER_IS_TRACED)))
+       {
+         nat44_ed_out2in_trace_t *t =
+           vlib_add_trace (vm, node, b0, sizeof (*t));
+         t->sw_if_index = sw_if_index0;
+         t->next_index = next[0];
+         t->is_slow_path = 0;
+         t->translation_error = translation_error;
+         clib_memcpy (&t->search_key, &kv0, sizeof (t->search_key));
+         t->lookup_skipped = lookup_skipped;
+
+         if (s0)
            {
-             if (PREDICT_FALSE (proto1 == ~0))
-               {
-                 s1 =
-                   nat44_ed_out2in_unknown_proto (sm, b1, ip1, rx_fib_index1,
-                                                  thread_index, now, vm,
-                                                  node);
-                 other_packets++;
-                 if (!sm->forwarding_enabled)
-                   {
-                     if (!s1)
-                       next1 = NAT44_ED_OUT2IN_NEXT_DROP;
-                     goto trace01;
-                   }
-               }
-
-             if (PREDICT_FALSE (proto1 == SNAT_PROTOCOL_ICMP))
-               {
-                 next1 = icmp_out2in_ed_slow_path
-                   (sm, b1, ip1, icmp1, sw_if_index1, rx_fib_index1, node,
-                    next1, now, thread_index, &s1);
-                 icmp_packets++;
-                 goto trace01;
-               }
+             t->session_index = s0 - tsm->sessions;
+             clib_memcpy (&t->i2of, &s0->i2o, sizeof (t->i2of));
+             clib_memcpy (&t->o2if, &s0->o2i, sizeof (t->o2if));
+             t->translation_via_i2of = (&s0->i2o == f);
            }
          else
            {
-             if (PREDICT_FALSE (proto1 == ~0))
-               {
-                 next1 = NAT44_ED_OUT2IN_NEXT_SLOW_PATH;
-                 goto trace01;
-               }
-
-             if (ip4_is_fragment (ip1))
-               {
-                 next1 = NAT44_ED_OUT2IN_NEXT_REASS;
-                 fragments++;
-                 goto trace01;
-               }
-
-             if (PREDICT_FALSE (proto1 == SNAT_PROTOCOL_ICMP))
-               {
-                 next1 = NAT44_ED_OUT2IN_NEXT_SLOW_PATH;
-                 goto trace01;
-               }
+             t->session_index = ~0;
            }
+       }
 
-         make_ed_kv (&kv1, &ip1->dst_address, &ip1->src_address,
-                     ip1->protocol, rx_fib_index1, udp1->dst_port,
-                     udp1->src_port);
+      if (next[0] == NAT_NEXT_DROP)
+       {
+         vlib_increment_simple_counter (&sm->counters.fastpath.
+                                        out2in_ed.drops, thread_index,
+                                        sw_if_index0, 1);
+       }
 
-         if (clib_bihash_search_16_8 (&tsm->out2in_ed, &kv1, &value1))
-           {
-             if (is_slow_path)
-               {
-                 /* Try to match static mapping by external address and port,
-                    destination address and port in packet */
-                 e_key1.addr = ip1->dst_address;
-                 e_key1.port = udp1->dst_port;
-                 e_key1.protocol = proto1;
-                 e_key1.fib_index = rx_fib_index1;
-                 if (snat_static_mapping_match (sm, e_key1, &l_key1, 1, 0,
-                                                &twice_nat1, &lb_nat1,
-                                                &ip1->src_address,
-                                                &identity_nat1))
-                   {
-                     /*
-                      * Send DHCP packets to the ipv4 stack, or we won't
-                      * be able to use dhcp client on the outside interface
-                      */
-                     if (PREDICT_FALSE (proto1 == SNAT_PROTOCOL_UDP
-                                        && (udp1->dst_port ==
-                                            clib_host_to_net_u16
-                                            (UDP_DST_PORT_dhcp_to_client))))
-                       {
-                         vnet_feature_next (&next1, b1);
-                         goto trace01;
-                       }
-
-                     if (!sm->forwarding_enabled)
-                       {
-                         b1->error =
-                           node->errors[NAT_OUT2IN_ED_ERROR_NO_TRANSLATION];
-                         next1 = NAT44_ED_OUT2IN_NEXT_DROP;
-                       }
-                     else
-                       {
-                         if (next_src_nat (sm, ip1, ip1->protocol,
-                                           udp1->src_port, udp1->dst_port,
-                                           thread_index, rx_fib_index1))
-                           {
-                             next1 = NAT44_ED_OUT2IN_NEXT_IN2OUT;
-                             goto trace01;
-                           }
-                         create_bypass_for_fwd (sm, ip1, rx_fib_index1,
-                                                thread_index);
-                       }
-                     goto trace01;
-                   }
+      n_left_from--;
+      next++;
+    }
 
-                 if (PREDICT_FALSE (identity_nat1))
-                   goto trace01;
+  vlib_buffer_enqueue_to_next (vm, node, from, (u16 *) nexts,
+                              frame->n_vectors);
+  return frame->n_vectors;
+}
 
-                 if ((proto1 == SNAT_PROTOCOL_TCP) && !tcp_is_init (tcp1))
-                   {
-                     b1->error = node->errors[NAT_OUT2IN_ED_ERROR_NON_SYN];
-                     next1 = NAT44_ED_OUT2IN_NEXT_DROP;
-                     goto trace01;
-                   }
+static inline uword
+nat44_ed_out2in_slow_path_node_fn_inline (vlib_main_t * vm,
+                                         vlib_node_runtime_t * node,
+                                         vlib_frame_t * frame)
+{
+  u32 n_left_from, *from;
+  snat_main_t *sm = &snat_main;
+  f64 now = vlib_time_now (vm);
+  u32 thread_index = vm->thread_index;
+  snat_main_per_thread_data_t *tsm = &sm->per_thread_data[thread_index];
+  snat_static_mapping_t *m;
 
-                 /* Create session initiated by host from external network */
-                 s1 = create_session_for_static_mapping_ed (sm, b1, l_key1,
-                                                            e_key1, node,
-                                                            thread_index,
-                                                            twice_nat1,
-                                                            lb_nat1, now);
+  from = vlib_frame_vector_args (frame);
+  n_left_from = frame->n_vectors;
 
-                 if (!s1)
-                   {
-                     next1 = NAT44_ED_OUT2IN_NEXT_DROP;
-                     goto trace01;
-                   }
-               }
-             else
-               {
-                 next1 = NAT44_ED_OUT2IN_NEXT_SLOW_PATH;
-                 goto trace01;
-               }
-           }
-         else
-           {
-             s1 = pool_elt_at_index (tsm->sessions, value1.value);
-           }
+  vlib_buffer_t *bufs[VLIB_FRAME_SIZE], **b = bufs;
+  u16 nexts[VLIB_FRAME_SIZE], *next = nexts;
+  vlib_get_buffers (vm, from, b, n_left_from);
 
-         old_addr1 = ip1->dst_address.as_u32;
-         new_addr1 = ip1->dst_address.as_u32 = s1->in2out.addr.as_u32;
-         vnet_buffer (b1)->sw_if_index[VLIB_TX] = s1->in2out.fib_index;
+  while (n_left_from > 0)
+    {
+      vlib_buffer_t *b0;
+      u32 sw_if_index0, rx_fib_index0;
+      nat_protocol_t proto0;
+      ip4_header_t *ip0;
+      udp_header_t *udp0;
+      icmp46_header_t *icmp0;
+      snat_session_t *s0 = 0;
+      clib_bihash_kv_16_8_t kv0, value0;
+      lb_nat_type_t lb_nat0;
+      twice_nat_type_t twice_nat0;
+      u8 identity_nat0;
+      ip4_address_t sm_addr;
+      u16 sm_port;
+      u32 sm_fib_index;
+      nat_translation_error_e translation_error = NAT_ED_TRNSL_ERR_SUCCESS;
+
+      b0 = *b;
+      next[0] = vnet_buffer2 (b0)->nat.arc_next;
+
+      vnet_buffer (b0)->snat.flags = 0;
+      ip0 = vlib_buffer_get_current (b0);
+
+      sw_if_index0 = vnet_buffer (b0)->sw_if_index[VLIB_RX];
+      rx_fib_index0 =
+       fib_table_get_index_for_sw_if_index (FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4, sw_if_index0);
+
+      if (PREDICT_FALSE (ip0->ttl == 1))
+       {
+         vnet_buffer (b0)->sw_if_index[VLIB_TX] = (u32) ~ 0;
+         icmp4_error_set_vnet_buffer (b0, ICMP4_time_exceeded,
+                                      ICMP4_time_exceeded_ttl_exceeded_in_transit,
+                                      0);
+         next[0] = NAT_NEXT_ICMP_ERROR;
+         goto trace0;
+       }
 
-         sum1 = ip1->checksum;
-         sum1 = ip_csum_update (sum1, old_addr1, new_addr1, ip4_header_t,
-                                dst_address);
-         if (PREDICT_FALSE (is_twice_nat_session (s1)))
-           sum1 = ip_csum_update (sum1, ip1->src_address.as_u32,
-                                  s1->ext_host_nat_addr.as_u32, ip4_header_t,
-                                  src_address);
-         ip1->checksum = ip_csum_fold (sum1);
+      udp0 = ip4_next_header (ip0);
+      icmp0 = (icmp46_header_t *) udp0;
+      proto0 = ip_proto_to_nat_proto (ip0->protocol);
 
-         if (PREDICT_TRUE (proto1 == SNAT_PROTOCOL_TCP))
+      if (PREDICT_FALSE (proto0 == NAT_PROTOCOL_OTHER))
+       {
+         s0 = nat44_ed_out2in_slowpath_unknown_proto (
+           sm, b0, ip0, rx_fib_index0, thread_index, now, vm, node);
+         if (!sm->forwarding_enabled)
            {
-             old_port1 = tcp1->dst_port;
-             new_port1 = tcp1->dst_port = s1->in2out.port;
-
-             sum1 = tcp1->checksum;
-             sum1 = ip_csum_update (sum1, old_addr1, new_addr1, ip4_header_t,
-                                    dst_address);
-             sum1 = ip_csum_update (sum1, old_port1, new_port1, ip4_header_t,
-                                    length);
-             if (is_twice_nat_session (s1))
-               {
-                 sum1 = ip_csum_update (sum1, ip1->src_address.as_u32,
-                                        s1->ext_host_nat_addr.as_u32,
-                                        ip4_header_t, dst_address);
-                 sum1 = ip_csum_update (sum1, tcp1->src_port,
-                                        s1->ext_host_nat_port, ip4_header_t,
-                                        length);
-                 tcp1->src_port = s1->ext_host_nat_port;
-                 ip1->src_address.as_u32 = s1->ext_host_nat_addr.as_u32;
-               }
-             tcp1->checksum = ip_csum_fold (sum1);
-             tcp_packets++;
-             if (nat44_set_tcp_session_state_o2i
-                 (sm, s1, tcp1, thread_index))
-               goto trace01;
+             if (!s0)
+               next[0] = NAT_NEXT_DROP;
            }
-         else
+         if (NAT_NEXT_DROP != next[0] &&
+             NAT_ED_TRNSL_ERR_SUCCESS !=
+               (translation_error = nat_6t_flow_buf_translate (
+                  sm, b0, ip0, &s0->o2i, proto0, 0 /* is_output_feature */)))
            {
-             udp1->dst_port = s1->in2out.port;
-             if (is_twice_nat_session (s1))
-               {
-                 udp1->src_port = s1->ext_host_nat_port;
-                 ip1->src_address.as_u32 = s1->ext_host_nat_addr.as_u32;
-               }
-             udp1->checksum = 0;
-             udp_packets++;
-           }
-
-         /* Accounting */
-         nat44_session_update_counters (s1, now,
-                                        vlib_buffer_length_in_chain (vm, b1),
-                                        thread_index);
-         /* Per-user LRU list maintenance */
-         nat44_session_update_lru (sm, s1, thread_index);
-
-       trace01:
-         if (PREDICT_FALSE ((node->flags & VLIB_NODE_FLAG_TRACE)
-                            && (b1->flags & VLIB_BUFFER_IS_TRACED)))
-           {
-             nat44_ed_out2in_trace_t *t =
-               vlib_add_trace (vm, node, b1, sizeof (*t));
-             t->is_slow_path = is_slow_path;
-             t->sw_if_index = sw_if_index1;
-             t->next_index = next1;
-             t->session_index = ~0;
-             if (s1)
-               t->session_index = s1 - tsm->sessions;
+             goto trace0;
            }
 
-         pkts_processed += next1 == NAT44_ED_OUT2IN_NEXT_LOOKUP;
-
-         /* verify speculative enqueues, maybe switch current next frame */
-         vlib_validate_buffer_enqueue_x2 (vm, node, next_index,
-                                          to_next, n_left_to_next,
-                                          bi0, bi1, next0, next1);
+         vlib_increment_simple_counter (&sm->counters.slowpath.
+                                        out2in_ed.other, thread_index,
+                                        sw_if_index0, 1);
+         goto trace0;
        }
 
-      while (n_left_from > 0 && n_left_to_next > 0)
+      if (PREDICT_FALSE (proto0 == NAT_PROTOCOL_ICMP))
        {
-         u32 bi0;
-         vlib_buffer_t *b0;
-         u32 next0, sw_if_index0, rx_fib_index0, proto0, old_addr0,
-           new_addr0;
-         u16 old_port0, new_port0;
-         ip4_header_t *ip0;
-         udp_header_t *udp0;
-         tcp_header_t *tcp0;
-         icmp46_header_t *icmp0;
-         snat_session_t *s0 = 0;
-         clib_bihash_kv_16_8_t kv0, value0;
-         ip_csum_t sum0;
-         snat_session_key_t e_key0, l_key0;
-         lb_nat_type_t lb_nat0;
-         twice_nat_type_t twice_nat0;
-         u8 identity_nat0;
-
-         /* speculatively enqueue b0 to the current next frame */
-         bi0 = from[0];
-         to_next[0] = bi0;
-         from += 1;
-         to_next += 1;
-         n_left_from -= 1;
-         n_left_to_next -= 1;
-
-         b0 = vlib_get_buffer (vm, bi0);
-         next0 = NAT44_ED_OUT2IN_NEXT_LOOKUP;
-         vnet_buffer (b0)->snat.flags = 0;
-         ip0 = vlib_buffer_get_current (b0);
-
-         sw_if_index0 = vnet_buffer (b0)->sw_if_index[VLIB_RX];
-         rx_fib_index0 =
-           fib_table_get_index_for_sw_if_index (FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
-                                                sw_if_index0);
-
-         if (PREDICT_FALSE (ip0->ttl == 1))
+         next[0] = icmp_out2in_ed_slow_path
+           (sm, b0, ip0, icmp0, sw_if_index0, rx_fib_index0, node,
+            next[0], now, thread_index, &s0);
+
+         if (NAT_NEXT_DROP != next[0] && s0 &&
+             NAT_ED_TRNSL_ERR_SUCCESS !=
+               (translation_error = nat_6t_flow_buf_translate (
+                  sm, b0, ip0, &s0->o2i, proto0, 0 /* is_output_feature */)))
            {
-             vnet_buffer (b0)->sw_if_index[VLIB_TX] = (u32) ~ 0;
-             icmp4_error_set_vnet_buffer (b0, ICMP4_time_exceeded,
-                                          ICMP4_time_exceeded_ttl_exceeded_in_transit,
-                                          0);
-             next0 = NAT44_ED_OUT2IN_NEXT_ICMP_ERROR;
              goto trace0;
            }
 
-         udp0 = ip4_next_header (ip0);
-         tcp0 = (tcp_header_t *) udp0;
-         icmp0 = (icmp46_header_t *) udp0;
-         proto0 = ip_proto_to_snat_proto (ip0->protocol);
+         vlib_increment_simple_counter (&sm->counters.slowpath.
+                                        out2in_ed.icmp, thread_index,
+                                        sw_if_index0, 1);
+         goto trace0;
+       }
 
-         if (is_slow_path)
-           {
-             if (PREDICT_FALSE (proto0 == ~0))
-               {
-                 s0 =
-                   nat44_ed_out2in_unknown_proto (sm, b0, ip0, rx_fib_index0,
-                                                  thread_index, now, vm,
-                                                  node);
-                 other_packets++;
-                 if (!sm->forwarding_enabled)
-                   {
-                     if (!s0)
-                       next0 = NAT44_ED_OUT2IN_NEXT_DROP;
-                     goto trace0;
-                   }
-               }
+      init_ed_k (&kv0, ip0->src_address,
+                vnet_buffer (b0)->ip.reass.l4_src_port, ip0->dst_address,
+                vnet_buffer (b0)->ip.reass.l4_dst_port, rx_fib_index0,
+                ip0->protocol);
 
-             if (PREDICT_FALSE (proto0 == SNAT_PROTOCOL_ICMP))
-               {
-                 next0 = icmp_out2in_ed_slow_path
-                   (sm, b0, ip0, icmp0, sw_if_index0, rx_fib_index0, node,
-                    next0, now, thread_index, &s0);
-                 icmp_packets++;
-                 goto trace0;
-               }
-           }
-         else
+      s0 = NULL;
+      if (!clib_bihash_search_16_8 (&sm->flow_hash, &kv0, &value0))
+       {
+         ASSERT (thread_index == ed_value_get_thread_index (&value0));
+         s0 =
+           pool_elt_at_index (tsm->sessions,
+                              ed_value_get_session_index (&value0));
+
+         if (s0->tcp_closed_timestamp && now >= s0->tcp_closed_timestamp)
            {
-             if (PREDICT_FALSE (proto0 == ~0))
-               {
-                 next0 = NAT44_ED_OUT2IN_NEXT_SLOW_PATH;
-                 goto trace0;
-               }
+             nat_free_session_data (sm, s0, thread_index, 0);
+             nat_ed_session_delete (sm, s0, thread_index, 1);
+             s0 = NULL;
+           }
+       }
 
-             if (ip4_is_fragment (ip0))
+      if (!s0)
+       {
+         /* Try to match static mapping by external address and port,
+            destination address and port in packet */
+
+         if (snat_static_mapping_match
+             (sm, ip0->dst_address,
+              vnet_buffer (b0)->ip.reass.l4_dst_port, rx_fib_index0,
+              proto0, &sm_addr, &sm_port, &sm_fib_index, 1, 0,
+              &twice_nat0, &lb_nat0, &ip0->src_address, &identity_nat0, &m))
+           {
+             /*
+              * Send DHCP packets to the ipv4 stack, or we won't
+              * be able to use dhcp client on the outside interface
+              */
+             if (PREDICT_FALSE (proto0 == NAT_PROTOCOL_UDP
+                                && (vnet_buffer (b0)->ip.reass.l4_dst_port ==
+                                    clib_host_to_net_u16
+                                    (UDP_DST_PORT_dhcp_to_client))))
                {
-                 next0 = NAT44_ED_OUT2IN_NEXT_REASS;
-                 fragments++;
                  goto trace0;
                }
 
-             if (PREDICT_FALSE (proto0 == SNAT_PROTOCOL_ICMP))
+             if (!sm->forwarding_enabled)
                {
-                 next0 = NAT44_ED_OUT2IN_NEXT_SLOW_PATH;
-                 goto trace0;
+                 b0->error =
+                   node->errors[NAT_OUT2IN_ED_ERROR_NO_TRANSLATION];
+                 next[0] = NAT_NEXT_DROP;
                }
-           }
-
-         make_ed_kv (&kv0, &ip0->dst_address, &ip0->src_address,
-                     ip0->protocol, rx_fib_index0, udp0->dst_port,
-                     udp0->src_port);
-
-         if (clib_bihash_search_16_8 (&tsm->out2in_ed, &kv0, &value0))
-           {
-             if (is_slow_path)
+             else
                {
-                 /* Try to match static mapping by external address and port,
-                    destination address and port in packet */
-                 e_key0.addr = ip0->dst_address;
-                 e_key0.port = udp0->dst_port;
-                 e_key0.protocol = proto0;
-                 e_key0.fib_index = rx_fib_index0;
-                 if (snat_static_mapping_match (sm, e_key0, &l_key0, 1, 0,
-                                                &twice_nat0, &lb_nat0,
-                                                &ip0->src_address,
-                                                &identity_nat0))
+                 if (next_src_nat
+                     (sm, ip0, vnet_buffer (b0)->ip.reass.l4_src_port,
+                      vnet_buffer (b0)->ip.reass.l4_dst_port,
+                      thread_index, rx_fib_index0))
                    {
-                     /*
-                      * Send DHCP packets to the ipv4 stack, or we won't
-                      * be able to use dhcp client on the outside interface
-                      */
-                     if (PREDICT_FALSE (proto0 == SNAT_PROTOCOL_UDP
-                                        && (udp0->dst_port ==
-                                            clib_host_to_net_u16
-                                            (UDP_DST_PORT_dhcp_to_client))))
-                       {
-                         vnet_feature_next (&next0, b0);
-                         goto trace0;
-                       }
-
-                     if (!sm->forwarding_enabled)
-                       {
-                         b0->error =
-                           node->errors[NAT_OUT2IN_ED_ERROR_NO_TRANSLATION];
-                         next0 = NAT44_ED_OUT2IN_NEXT_DROP;
-                       }
-                     else
-                       {
-                         if (next_src_nat (sm, ip0, ip0->protocol,
-                                           udp0->src_port, udp0->dst_port,
-                                           thread_index, rx_fib_index0))
-                           {
-                             next0 = NAT44_ED_OUT2IN_NEXT_IN2OUT;
-                             goto trace0;
-                           }
-                         create_bypass_for_fwd (sm, ip0, rx_fib_index0,
-                                                thread_index);
-                       }
-                     goto trace0;
+                     next[0] = NAT_NEXT_IN2OUT_ED_FAST_PATH;
                    }
-
-                 if (PREDICT_FALSE (identity_nat0))
-                   goto trace0;
-
-                 if ((proto0 == SNAT_PROTOCOL_TCP) && !tcp_is_init (tcp0))
+                 else
                    {
-                     b0->error = node->errors[NAT_OUT2IN_ED_ERROR_NON_SYN];
-                     next0 = NAT44_ED_OUT2IN_NEXT_DROP;
-                     goto trace0;
+                     create_bypass_for_fwd (sm, b0, s0, ip0, rx_fib_index0,
+                                            thread_index);
                    }
+               }
+             goto trace0;
+           }
 
-                 /* Create session initiated by host from external network */
-                 s0 = create_session_for_static_mapping_ed (sm, b0, l_key0,
-                                                            e_key0, node,
-                                                            thread_index,
-                                                            twice_nat0,
-                                                            lb_nat0, now);
+         if (PREDICT_FALSE (identity_nat0))
+           goto trace0;
 
-                 if (!s0)
-                   {
-                     next0 = NAT44_ED_OUT2IN_NEXT_DROP;
-                     goto trace0;
-                   }
-               }
-             else
-               {
-                 next0 = NAT44_ED_OUT2IN_NEXT_SLOW_PATH;
-                 goto trace0;
-               }
+         if ((proto0 == NAT_PROTOCOL_TCP)
+             && !tcp_flags_is_init (vnet_buffer (b0)->ip.
+                                    reass.icmp_type_or_tcp_flags))
+           {
+             b0->error = node->errors[NAT_OUT2IN_ED_ERROR_NON_SYN];
+             next[0] = NAT_NEXT_DROP;
+             goto trace0;
            }
-         else
+
+         /* Create session initiated by host from external network */
+         s0 = create_session_for_static_mapping_ed (sm, b0,
+                                                    sm_addr, sm_port,
+                                                    sm_fib_index,
+                                                    ip0->dst_address,
+                                                    vnet_buffer (b0)->
+                                                    ip.reass.l4_dst_port,
+                                                    rx_fib_index0, proto0,
+                                                    node, rx_fib_index0,
+                                                    thread_index, twice_nat0,
+                                                    lb_nat0, now, m);
+         if (!s0)
            {
-             s0 = pool_elt_at_index (tsm->sessions, value0.value);
+             next[0] = NAT_NEXT_DROP;
+             goto trace0;
            }
+       }
+
+      if (NAT_ED_TRNSL_ERR_SUCCESS !=
+         (translation_error = nat_6t_flow_buf_translate (
+            sm, b0, ip0, &s0->o2i, proto0, 0 /* is_output_feature */)))
+       {
+         next[0] = NAT_NEXT_DROP;
+         goto trace0;
+       }
 
-         old_addr0 = ip0->dst_address.as_u32;
-         new_addr0 = ip0->dst_address.as_u32 = s0->in2out.addr.as_u32;
-         vnet_buffer (b0)->sw_if_index[VLIB_TX] = s0->in2out.fib_index;
+      if (PREDICT_TRUE (proto0 == NAT_PROTOCOL_TCP))
+       {
+         vlib_increment_simple_counter (&sm->counters.slowpath.out2in_ed.tcp,
+                                        thread_index, sw_if_index0, 1);
+         nat44_set_tcp_session_state_o2i (sm, now, s0,
+                                          vnet_buffer (b0)->ip.
+                                          reass.icmp_type_or_tcp_flags,
+                                          vnet_buffer (b0)->ip.
+                                          reass.tcp_ack_number,
+                                          vnet_buffer (b0)->ip.
+                                          reass.tcp_seq_number,
+                                          thread_index);
+       }
+      else
+       {
+         vlib_increment_simple_counter (&sm->counters.slowpath.out2in_ed.udp,
+                                        thread_index, sw_if_index0, 1);
+       }
 
-         sum0 = ip0->checksum;
-         sum0 = ip_csum_update (sum0, old_addr0, new_addr0, ip4_header_t,
-                                dst_address);
-         if (PREDICT_FALSE (is_twice_nat_session (s0)))
-           sum0 = ip_csum_update (sum0, ip0->src_address.as_u32,
-                                  s0->ext_host_nat_addr.as_u32, ip4_header_t,
-                                  src_address);
-         ip0->checksum = ip_csum_fold (sum0);
+      /* Accounting */
+      nat44_session_update_counters (s0, now,
+                                    vlib_buffer_length_in_chain (vm, b0),
+                                    thread_index);
+      /* Per-user LRU list maintenance */
+      nat44_session_update_lru (sm, s0, thread_index);
 
-         if (PREDICT_TRUE (proto0 == SNAT_PROTOCOL_TCP))
+    trace0:
+      if (PREDICT_FALSE ((node->flags & VLIB_NODE_FLAG_TRACE)
+                        && (b0->flags & VLIB_BUFFER_IS_TRACED)))
+       {
+         nat44_ed_out2in_trace_t *t =
+           vlib_add_trace (vm, node, b0, sizeof (*t));
+         t->sw_if_index = sw_if_index0;
+         t->next_index = next[0];
+         t->is_slow_path = 1;
+         t->translation_error = translation_error;
+         clib_memcpy (&t->search_key, &kv0, sizeof (t->search_key));
+
+         if (s0)
            {
-             old_port0 = tcp0->dst_port;
-             new_port0 = tcp0->dst_port = s0->in2out.port;
-
-             sum0 = tcp0->checksum;
-             sum0 = ip_csum_update (sum0, old_addr0, new_addr0, ip4_header_t,
-                                    dst_address);
-             sum0 = ip_csum_update (sum0, old_port0, new_port0, ip4_header_t,
-                                    length);
-             if (is_twice_nat_session (s0))
-               {
-                 sum0 = ip_csum_update (sum0, ip0->src_address.as_u32,
-                                        s0->ext_host_nat_addr.as_u32,
-                                        ip4_header_t, dst_address);
-                 sum0 = ip_csum_update (sum0, tcp0->src_port,
-                                        s0->ext_host_nat_port, ip4_header_t,
-                                        length);
-                 tcp0->src_port = s0->ext_host_nat_port;
-                 ip0->src_address.as_u32 = s0->ext_host_nat_addr.as_u32;
-               }
-             tcp0->checksum = ip_csum_fold (sum0);
-             tcp_packets++;
-             if (nat44_set_tcp_session_state_o2i
-                 (sm, s0, tcp0, thread_index))
-               goto trace0;
+             t->session_index = s0 - tsm->sessions;
+             clib_memcpy (&t->i2of, &s0->i2o, sizeof (t->i2of));
+             clib_memcpy (&t->o2if, &s0->o2i, sizeof (t->o2if));
            }
          else
            {
-             udp0->dst_port = s0->in2out.port;
-             if (is_twice_nat_session (s0))
-               {
-                 udp0->src_port = s0->ext_host_nat_port;
-                 ip0->src_address.as_u32 = s0->ext_host_nat_addr.as_u32;
-               }
-             udp0->checksum = 0;
-             udp_packets++;
-           }
-
-         /* Accounting */
-         nat44_session_update_counters (s0, now,
-                                        vlib_buffer_length_in_chain (vm, b0),
-                                        thread_index);
-         /* Per-user LRU list maintenance */
-         nat44_session_update_lru (sm, s0, thread_index);
-
-       trace0:
-         if (PREDICT_FALSE ((node->flags & VLIB_NODE_FLAG_TRACE)
-                            && (b0->flags & VLIB_BUFFER_IS_TRACED)))
-           {
-             nat44_ed_out2in_trace_t *t =
-               vlib_add_trace (vm, node, b0, sizeof (*t));
-             t->is_slow_path = is_slow_path;
-             t->sw_if_index = sw_if_index0;
-             t->next_index = next0;
              t->session_index = ~0;
-             if (s0)
-               t->session_index = s0 - tsm->sessions;
            }
+       }
 
-         pkts_processed += next0 == NAT44_ED_OUT2IN_NEXT_LOOKUP;
-         /* verify speculative enqueue, maybe switch current next frame */
-         vlib_validate_buffer_enqueue_x1 (vm, node, next_index,
-                                          to_next, n_left_to_next,
-                                          bi0, next0);
+      if (next[0] == NAT_NEXT_DROP)
+       {
+         vlib_increment_simple_counter (&sm->counters.slowpath.
+                                        out2in_ed.drops, thread_index,
+                                        sw_if_index0, 1);
        }
 
-      vlib_put_next_frame (vm, node, next_index, n_left_to_next);
+      n_left_from--;
+      next++;
+      b++;
     }
 
-  vlib_node_increment_counter (vm, stats_node_index,
-                              NAT_OUT2IN_ED_ERROR_OUT2IN_PACKETS,
-                              pkts_processed);
-  vlib_node_increment_counter (vm, stats_node_index,
-                              NAT_OUT2IN_ED_ERROR_TCP_PACKETS, tcp_packets);
-  vlib_node_increment_counter (vm, stats_node_index,
-                              NAT_OUT2IN_ED_ERROR_UDP_PACKETS, udp_packets);
-  vlib_node_increment_counter (vm, stats_node_index,
-                              NAT_OUT2IN_ED_ERROR_ICMP_PACKETS,
-                              icmp_packets);
-  vlib_node_increment_counter (vm, stats_node_index,
-                              NAT_OUT2IN_ED_ERROR_OTHER_PACKETS,
-                              other_packets);
-  vlib_node_increment_counter (vm, stats_node_index,
-                              NAT_OUT2IN_ED_ERROR_FRAGMENTS, fragments);
+  vlib_buffer_enqueue_to_next (vm, node, from, (u16 *) nexts,
+                              frame->n_vectors);
+
   return frame->n_vectors;
 }
 
@@ -1561,27 +1367,26 @@ VLIB_NODE_FN (nat44_ed_out2in_node) (vlib_main_t * vm,
                                     vlib_node_runtime_t * node,
                                     vlib_frame_t * frame)
 {
-  return nat44_ed_out2in_node_fn_inline (vm, node, frame, 0);
+  if (snat_main.num_workers > 1)
+    {
+      return nat44_ed_out2in_fast_path_node_fn_inline (vm, node, frame, 1);
+    }
+  else
+    {
+      return nat44_ed_out2in_fast_path_node_fn_inline (vm, node, frame, 0);
+    }
 }
 
 /* *INDENT-OFF* */
 VLIB_REGISTER_NODE (nat44_ed_out2in_node) = {
   .name = "nat44-ed-out2in",
   .vector_size = sizeof (u32),
+  .sibling_of = "nat-default",
   .format_trace = format_nat44_ed_out2in_trace,
   .type = VLIB_NODE_TYPE_INTERNAL,
   .n_errors = ARRAY_LEN(nat_out2in_ed_error_strings),
   .error_strings = nat_out2in_ed_error_strings,
   .runtime_data_bytes = sizeof (snat_runtime_t),
-  .n_next_nodes = NAT44_ED_OUT2IN_N_NEXT,
-  .next_nodes = {
-    [NAT44_ED_OUT2IN_NEXT_DROP] = "error-drop",
-    [NAT44_ED_OUT2IN_NEXT_LOOKUP] = "ip4-lookup",
-    [NAT44_ED_OUT2IN_NEXT_SLOW_PATH] = "nat44-ed-out2in-slowpath",
-    [NAT44_ED_OUT2IN_NEXT_ICMP_ERROR] = "ip4-icmp-error",
-    [NAT44_ED_OUT2IN_NEXT_IN2OUT] = "nat44-ed-in2out",
-    [NAT44_ED_OUT2IN_NEXT_REASS] = "nat44-ed-out2in-reass",
-  },
 };
 /* *INDENT-ON* */
 
@@ -1589,400 +1394,49 @@ VLIB_NODE_FN (nat44_ed_out2in_slowpath_node) (vlib_main_t * vm,
                                              vlib_node_runtime_t * node,
                                              vlib_frame_t * frame)
 {
-  return nat44_ed_out2in_node_fn_inline (vm, node, frame, 1);
+  return nat44_ed_out2in_slow_path_node_fn_inline (vm, node, frame);
 }
 
 /* *INDENT-OFF* */
 VLIB_REGISTER_NODE (nat44_ed_out2in_slowpath_node) = {
   .name = "nat44-ed-out2in-slowpath",
   .vector_size = sizeof (u32),
+  .sibling_of = "nat-default",
   .format_trace = format_nat44_ed_out2in_trace,
   .type = VLIB_NODE_TYPE_INTERNAL,
   .n_errors = ARRAY_LEN(nat_out2in_ed_error_strings),
   .error_strings = nat_out2in_ed_error_strings,
   .runtime_data_bytes = sizeof (snat_runtime_t),
-  .n_next_nodes = NAT44_ED_OUT2IN_N_NEXT,
-  .next_nodes = {
-    [NAT44_ED_OUT2IN_NEXT_DROP] = "error-drop",
-    [NAT44_ED_OUT2IN_NEXT_LOOKUP] = "ip4-lookup",
-    [NAT44_ED_OUT2IN_NEXT_SLOW_PATH] = "nat44-ed-out2in-slowpath",
-    [NAT44_ED_OUT2IN_NEXT_ICMP_ERROR] = "ip4-icmp-error",
-    [NAT44_ED_OUT2IN_NEXT_IN2OUT] = "nat44-ed-in2out",
-    [NAT44_ED_OUT2IN_NEXT_REASS] = "nat44-ed-out2in-reass",
-  },
 };
 /* *INDENT-ON* */
 
-VLIB_NODE_FN (nat44_ed_out2in_reass_node) (vlib_main_t * vm,
-                                          vlib_node_runtime_t * node,
-                                          vlib_frame_t * frame)
+static u8 *
+format_nat_pre_trace (u8 * s, va_list * args)
 {
-  u32 n_left_from, *from, *to_next;
-  nat44_ed_out2in_next_t next_index;
-  u32 pkts_processed = 0;
-  snat_main_t *sm = &snat_main;
-  f64 now = vlib_time_now (vm);
-  u32 thread_index = vm->thread_index;
-  snat_main_per_thread_data_t *per_thread_data =
-    &sm->per_thread_data[thread_index];
-  u32 *fragments_to_drop = 0;
-  u32 *fragments_to_loopback = 0;
-
-  from = vlib_frame_vector_args (frame);
-  n_left_from = frame->n_vectors;
-  next_index = node->cached_next_index;
-
-  while (n_left_from > 0)
-    {
-      u32 n_left_to_next;
-
-      vlib_get_next_frame (vm, node, next_index, to_next, n_left_to_next);
-
-      while (n_left_from > 0 && n_left_to_next > 0)
-       {
-         u32 bi0, sw_if_index0, proto0, rx_fib_index0, new_addr0, old_addr0;
-         vlib_buffer_t *b0;
-         u32 next0;
-         u8 cached0 = 0;
-         ip4_header_t *ip0;
-         nat_reass_ip4_t *reass0;
-         udp_header_t *udp0;
-         tcp_header_t *tcp0;
-         icmp46_header_t *icmp0;
-         clib_bihash_kv_16_8_t kv0, value0;
-         snat_session_t *s0 = 0;
-         u16 old_port0, new_port0;
-         ip_csum_t sum0;
-         snat_session_key_t e_key0, l_key0;
-         lb_nat_type_t lb0;
-         twice_nat_type_t twice_nat0;
-         u8 identity_nat0;
-
-         /* speculatively enqueue b0 to the current next frame */
-         bi0 = from[0];
-         to_next[0] = bi0;
-         from += 1;
-         to_next += 1;
-         n_left_from -= 1;
-         n_left_to_next -= 1;
-
-         b0 = vlib_get_buffer (vm, bi0);
-         next0 = NAT44_ED_OUT2IN_NEXT_LOOKUP;
-
-         sw_if_index0 = vnet_buffer (b0)->sw_if_index[VLIB_RX];
-         rx_fib_index0 =
-           fib_table_get_index_for_sw_if_index (FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
-                                                sw_if_index0);
-
-         if (PREDICT_FALSE (nat_reass_is_drop_frag (0)))
-           {
-             next0 = NAT44_ED_OUT2IN_NEXT_DROP;
-             b0->error = node->errors[NAT_OUT2IN_ED_ERROR_DROP_FRAGMENT];
-             goto trace0;
-           }
-
-         ip0 = (ip4_header_t *) vlib_buffer_get_current (b0);
-         udp0 = ip4_next_header (ip0);
-         tcp0 = (tcp_header_t *) udp0;
-         icmp0 = (icmp46_header_t *) udp0;
-         proto0 = ip_proto_to_snat_proto (ip0->protocol);
-
-         reass0 = nat_ip4_reass_find_or_create (ip0->src_address,
-                                                ip0->dst_address,
-                                                ip0->fragment_id,
-                                                ip0->protocol,
-                                                1, &fragments_to_drop);
-
-         if (PREDICT_FALSE (!reass0))
-           {
-             next0 = NAT44_ED_OUT2IN_NEXT_DROP;
-             b0->error = node->errors[NAT_OUT2IN_ED_ERROR_MAX_REASS];
-             nat_log_notice ("maximum reassemblies exceeded");
-             goto trace0;
-           }
-
-         if (PREDICT_FALSE (ip4_is_first_fragment (ip0)))
-           {
-             if (PREDICT_FALSE (proto0 == SNAT_PROTOCOL_ICMP))
-               {
-                 next0 = icmp_out2in_ed_slow_path
-                   (sm, b0, ip0, icmp0, sw_if_index0, rx_fib_index0, node,
-                    next0, now, thread_index, &s0);
-
-                 if (PREDICT_TRUE (next0 != NAT44_ED_OUT2IN_NEXT_DROP))
-                   {
-                     if (s0)
-                       reass0->sess_index = s0 - per_thread_data->sessions;
-                     else
-                       reass0->flags |= NAT_REASS_FLAG_ED_DONT_TRANSLATE;
-                     reass0->thread_index = thread_index;
-                     nat_ip4_reass_get_frags (reass0,
-                                              &fragments_to_loopback);
-                   }
-
-                 goto trace0;
-               }
-
-             make_ed_kv (&kv0, &ip0->dst_address, &ip0->src_address,
-                         ip0->protocol, rx_fib_index0, udp0->dst_port,
-                         udp0->src_port);
-
-             if (clib_bihash_search_16_8
-                 (&per_thread_data->out2in_ed, &kv0, &value0))
-               {
-                 /* Try to match static mapping by external address and port,
-                    destination address and port in packet */
-                 e_key0.addr = ip0->dst_address;
-                 e_key0.port = udp0->dst_port;
-                 e_key0.protocol = proto0;
-                 e_key0.fib_index = rx_fib_index0;
-                 if (snat_static_mapping_match (sm, e_key0, &l_key0, 1, 0,
-                                                &twice_nat0, &lb0, 0,
-                                                &identity_nat0))
-                   {
-                     /*
-                      * Send DHCP packets to the ipv4 stack, or we won't
-                      * be able to use dhcp client on the outside interface
-                      */
-                     if (PREDICT_FALSE (proto0 == SNAT_PROTOCOL_UDP
-                                        && (udp0->dst_port
-                                            ==
-                                            clib_host_to_net_u16
-                                            (UDP_DST_PORT_dhcp_to_client))))
-                       {
-                         vnet_feature_next (&next0, b0);
-                         goto trace0;
-                       }
-
-                     if (!sm->forwarding_enabled)
-                       {
-                         b0->error =
-                           node->errors[NAT_OUT2IN_ED_ERROR_NO_TRANSLATION];
-                         next0 = NAT44_ED_OUT2IN_NEXT_DROP;
-                       }
-                     else
-                       {
-                         if (next_src_nat (sm, ip0, ip0->protocol,
-                                           udp0->src_port, udp0->dst_port,
-                                           thread_index, rx_fib_index0))
-                           {
-                             next0 = NAT44_ED_OUT2IN_NEXT_IN2OUT;
-                             goto trace0;
-                           }
-                         create_bypass_for_fwd (sm, ip0, rx_fib_index0,
-                                                thread_index);
-                         reass0->flags |= NAT_REASS_FLAG_ED_DONT_TRANSLATE;
-                         nat_ip4_reass_get_frags (reass0,
-                                                  &fragments_to_loopback);
-                       }
-                     goto trace0;
-                   }
-
-                 if (PREDICT_FALSE (identity_nat0))
-                   {
-                     reass0->flags |= NAT_REASS_FLAG_ED_DONT_TRANSLATE;
-                     goto trace0;
-                   }
-
-                 if ((proto0 == SNAT_PROTOCOL_TCP) && !tcp_is_init (tcp0))
-                   {
-                     b0->error = node->errors[NAT_OUT2IN_ED_ERROR_NON_SYN];
-                     next0 = NAT44_ED_OUT2IN_NEXT_DROP;
-                     goto trace0;
-                   }
-
-                 /* Create session initiated by host from external network */
-                 s0 = create_session_for_static_mapping_ed (sm, b0, l_key0,
-                                                            e_key0, node,
-                                                            thread_index,
-                                                            twice_nat0, lb0,
-                                                            now);
-                 if (!s0)
-                   {
-                     b0->error =
-                       node->errors[NAT_OUT2IN_ED_ERROR_NO_TRANSLATION];
-                     next0 = NAT44_ED_OUT2IN_NEXT_DROP;
-                     goto trace0;
-                   }
-                 reass0->sess_index = s0 - per_thread_data->sessions;
-                 reass0->thread_index = thread_index;
-               }
-             else
-               {
-                 s0 = pool_elt_at_index (per_thread_data->sessions,
-                                         value0.value);
-                 reass0->sess_index = value0.value;
-               }
-             nat_ip4_reass_get_frags (reass0, &fragments_to_loopback);
-           }
-         else
-           {
-             if (reass0->flags & NAT_REASS_FLAG_ED_DONT_TRANSLATE)
-               goto trace0;
-             if (PREDICT_FALSE (reass0->sess_index == (u32) ~ 0))
-               {
-                 if (nat_ip4_reass_add_fragment
-                     (thread_index, reass0, bi0, &fragments_to_drop))
-                   {
-                     b0->error = node->errors[NAT_OUT2IN_ED_ERROR_MAX_FRAG];
-                     nat_log_notice
-                       ("maximum fragments per reassembly exceeded");
-                     next0 = NAT44_ED_OUT2IN_NEXT_DROP;
-                     goto trace0;
-                   }
-                 cached0 = 1;
-                 goto trace0;
-               }
-             s0 = pool_elt_at_index (per_thread_data->sessions,
-                                     reass0->sess_index);
-           }
-
-         old_addr0 = ip0->dst_address.as_u32;
-         ip0->dst_address = s0->in2out.addr;
-         new_addr0 = ip0->dst_address.as_u32;
-         vnet_buffer (b0)->sw_if_index[VLIB_TX] = s0->in2out.fib_index;
-
-         sum0 = ip0->checksum;
-         sum0 = ip_csum_update (sum0, old_addr0, new_addr0,
-                                ip4_header_t,
-                                dst_address /* changed member */ );
-         if (PREDICT_FALSE (is_twice_nat_session (s0)))
-           sum0 = ip_csum_update (sum0, ip0->src_address.as_u32,
-                                  s0->ext_host_nat_addr.as_u32, ip4_header_t,
-                                  src_address);
-         ip0->checksum = ip_csum_fold (sum0);
-
-         if (PREDICT_FALSE (ip4_is_first_fragment (ip0)))
-           {
-             if (PREDICT_TRUE (proto0 == SNAT_PROTOCOL_TCP))
-               {
-                 old_port0 = tcp0->dst_port;
-                 tcp0->dst_port = s0->in2out.port;
-                 new_port0 = tcp0->dst_port;
-
-                 sum0 = tcp0->checksum;
-                 sum0 = ip_csum_update (sum0, old_addr0, new_addr0,
-                                        ip4_header_t,
-                                        dst_address /* changed member */ );
-
-                 sum0 = ip_csum_update (sum0, old_port0, new_port0,
-                                        ip4_header_t /* cheat */ ,
-                                        length /* changed member */ );
-                 if (is_twice_nat_session (s0))
-                   {
-                     sum0 = ip_csum_update (sum0, ip0->src_address.as_u32,
-                                            s0->ext_host_nat_addr.as_u32,
-                                            ip4_header_t, dst_address);
-                     sum0 = ip_csum_update (sum0, tcp0->src_port,
-                                            s0->ext_host_nat_port,
-                                            ip4_header_t, length);
-                     tcp0->src_port = s0->ext_host_nat_port;
-                     ip0->src_address.as_u32 = s0->ext_host_nat_addr.as_u32;
-                   }
-                 tcp0->checksum = ip_csum_fold (sum0);
-               }
-             else
-               {
-                 old_port0 = udp0->dst_port;
-                 udp0->dst_port = s0->in2out.port;
-                 if (is_twice_nat_session (s0))
-                   {
-                     udp0->src_port = s0->ext_host_nat_port;
-                     ip0->src_address.as_u32 = s0->ext_host_nat_addr.as_u32;
-                   }
-                 udp0->checksum = 0;
-               }
-           }
-
-         /* Accounting */
-         nat44_session_update_counters (s0, now,
-                                        vlib_buffer_length_in_chain (vm, b0),
-                                        thread_index);
-         /* Per-user LRU list maintenance */
-         nat44_session_update_lru (sm, s0, thread_index);
-
-       trace0:
-         if (PREDICT_FALSE ((node->flags & VLIB_NODE_FLAG_TRACE)
-                            && (b0->flags & VLIB_BUFFER_IS_TRACED)))
-           {
-             nat44_reass_trace_t *t =
-               vlib_add_trace (vm, node, b0, sizeof (*t));
-             t->cached = cached0;
-             t->sw_if_index = sw_if_index0;
-             t->next_index = next0;
-           }
-
-         if (cached0)
-           {
-             n_left_to_next++;
-             to_next--;
-           }
-         else
-           {
-             pkts_processed += next0 != NAT44_ED_OUT2IN_NEXT_DROP;
-
-             /* verify speculative enqueue, maybe switch current next frame */
-             vlib_validate_buffer_enqueue_x1 (vm, node, next_index,
-                                              to_next, n_left_to_next,
-                                              bi0, next0);
-           }
-
-         if (n_left_from == 0 && vec_len (fragments_to_loopback))
-           {
-             from = vlib_frame_vector_args (frame);
-             u32 len = vec_len (fragments_to_loopback);
-             if (len <= VLIB_FRAME_SIZE)
-               {
-                 clib_memcpy_fast (from, fragments_to_loopback,
-                                   sizeof (u32) * len);
-                 n_left_from = len;
-                 vec_reset_length (fragments_to_loopback);
-               }
-             else
-               {
-                 clib_memcpy_fast (from, fragments_to_loopback +
-                                   (len - VLIB_FRAME_SIZE),
-                                   sizeof (u32) * VLIB_FRAME_SIZE);
-                 n_left_from = VLIB_FRAME_SIZE;
-                 _vec_len (fragments_to_loopback) = len - VLIB_FRAME_SIZE;
-               }
-           }
-       }
-
-      vlib_put_next_frame (vm, node, next_index, n_left_to_next);
-    }
-
-  vlib_node_increment_counter (vm, sm->ed_out2in_reass_node_index,
-                              NAT_OUT2IN_ED_ERROR_OUT2IN_PACKETS,
-                              pkts_processed);
-
-  nat_send_all_to_node (vm, fragments_to_drop, node,
-                       &node->errors[NAT_OUT2IN_ED_ERROR_DROP_FRAGMENT],
-                       NAT44_ED_OUT2IN_NEXT_DROP);
+  CLIB_UNUSED (vlib_main_t * vm) = va_arg (*args, vlib_main_t *);
+  CLIB_UNUSED (vlib_node_t * node) = va_arg (*args, vlib_node_t *);
+  nat_pre_trace_t *t = va_arg (*args, nat_pre_trace_t *);
+  return format (s, "out2in next_index %d arc_next_index %d", t->next_index,
+                t->arc_next_index);
+}
 
-  vec_free (fragments_to_drop);
-  vec_free (fragments_to_loopback);
-  return frame->n_vectors;
+VLIB_NODE_FN (nat_pre_out2in_node) (vlib_main_t * vm,
+                                   vlib_node_runtime_t * node,
+                                   vlib_frame_t * frame)
+{
+  return nat_pre_node_fn_inline (vm, node, frame,
+                                NAT_NEXT_OUT2IN_ED_FAST_PATH);
 }
 
 /* *INDENT-OFF* */
-VLIB_REGISTER_NODE (nat44_ed_out2in_reass_node) = {
-  .name = "nat44-ed-out2in-reass",
+VLIB_REGISTER_NODE (nat_pre_out2in_node) = {
+  .name = "nat-pre-out2in",
   .vector_size = sizeof (u32),
-  .format_trace = format_nat44_reass_trace,
+  .sibling_of = "nat-default",
+  .format_trace = format_nat_pre_trace,
   .type = VLIB_NODE_TYPE_INTERNAL,
-  .n_errors = ARRAY_LEN(nat_out2in_ed_error_strings),
-  .error_strings = nat_out2in_ed_error_strings,
-  .n_next_nodes = NAT44_ED_OUT2IN_N_NEXT,
-  .next_nodes = {
-    [NAT44_ED_OUT2IN_NEXT_DROP] = "error-drop",
-    [NAT44_ED_OUT2IN_NEXT_LOOKUP] = "ip4-lookup",
-    [NAT44_ED_OUT2IN_NEXT_SLOW_PATH] = "nat44-ed-out2in-slowpath",
-    [NAT44_ED_OUT2IN_NEXT_ICMP_ERROR] = "ip4-icmp-error",
-    [NAT44_ED_OUT2IN_NEXT_IN2OUT] = "nat44-ed-in2out",
-    [NAT44_ED_OUT2IN_NEXT_REASS] = "nat44-ed-out2in-reass",
-  },
-};
+  .n_errors = 0,
+ };
 /* *INDENT-ON* */
 
 /*