Distributed Virtual Router Support
[vpp.git] / src / vnet / fib / fib_test.c
index d3bdfa3..03c9ee7 100644 (file)
 #include <vnet/dpo/receive_dpo.h>
 #include <vnet/dpo/ip_null_dpo.h>
 #include <vnet/bfd/bfd_main.h>
-#include <vnet/dpo/interface_dpo.h>
+#include <vnet/dpo/interface_rx_dpo.h>
 #include <vnet/dpo/replicate_dpo.h>
+#include <vnet/dpo/l2_bridge_dpo.h>
 
 #include <vnet/mpls/mpls.h>
 
+#include <vnet/fib/fib_test.h>
 #include <vnet/fib/fib_path_list.h>
 #include <vnet/fib/fib_entry_src.h>
 #include <vnet/fib/fib_walk.h>
@@ -266,83 +268,6 @@ fib_test_build_rewrite (u8 *eth_addr)
     return (rewrite);
 }
 
-typedef enum fib_test_lb_bucket_type_t_ {
-    FT_LB_LABEL_O_ADJ,
-    FT_LB_LABEL_STACK_O_ADJ,
-    FT_LB_LABEL_O_LB,
-    FT_LB_O_LB,
-    FT_LB_SPECIAL,
-    FT_LB_ADJ,
-    FT_LB_INTF,
-} fib_test_lb_bucket_type_t;
-
-typedef struct fib_test_lb_bucket_t_ {
-    fib_test_lb_bucket_type_t type;
-
-    union
-    {
-       struct
-       {
-           mpls_eos_bit_t eos;
-           mpls_label_t label;
-           u8 ttl;
-           adj_index_t adj;
-       } label_o_adj;
-       struct
-       {
-           mpls_eos_bit_t eos;
-           mpls_label_t label_stack[8];
-           u8 label_stack_size;
-           u8 ttl;
-           adj_index_t adj;
-       } label_stack_o_adj;
-       struct
-       {
-           mpls_eos_bit_t eos;
-           mpls_label_t label;
-           u8 ttl;
-           index_t lb;
-       } label_o_lb;
-       struct
-       {
-           index_t adj;
-       } adj;
-       struct
-       {
-           index_t lb;
-       } lb;
-       struct
-       {
-           index_t adj;
-       } special;
-    };
-} fib_test_lb_bucket_t;
-
-typedef enum fib_test_rep_bucket_type_t_ {
-    FT_REP_LABEL_O_ADJ,
-    FT_REP_DISP_MFIB_LOOKUP,
-    FT_REP_INTF,
-} fib_test_rep_bucket_type_t;
-
-typedef struct fib_test_rep_bucket_t_ {
-    fib_test_rep_bucket_type_t type;
-
-    union
-    {
-       struct
-       {
-           mpls_eos_bit_t eos;
-           mpls_label_t label;
-           u8 ttl;
-           adj_index_t adj;
-       } label_o_adj;
-       struct
-       {
-           adj_index_t adj;
-       } adj;
-   };
-} fib_test_rep_bucket_t;
-
 #define FIB_TEST_LB(_cond, _comment, _args...)                 \
 {                                                              \
     if (!FIB_TEST_I(_cond, _comment, ##_args)) {               \
@@ -353,7 +278,7 @@ typedef struct fib_test_rep_bucket_t_ {
 int
 fib_test_validate_rep_v (const replicate_t *rep,
                          u16 n_buckets,
-                         va_list ap)
+                         va_list *ap)
 {
     const fib_test_rep_bucket_t *exp;
     const dpo_id_t *dpo;
@@ -364,7 +289,7 @@ fib_test_validate_rep_v (const replicate_t *rep,
 
     for (bucket = 0; bucket < n_buckets; bucket++)
     {
-       exp = va_arg(ap, fib_test_rep_bucket_t*);
+       exp = va_arg(*ap, fib_test_rep_bucket_t*);
 
         dpo = replicate_get_bucket_i(rep, bucket);
 
@@ -407,7 +332,7 @@ fib_test_validate_rep_v (const replicate_t *rep,
            }
            break;
        case FT_REP_INTF:
-            FIB_TEST_LB((DPO_INTERFACE == dpo->dpoi_type),
+            FIB_TEST_LB((DPO_INTERFACE_RX == dpo->dpoi_type),
                         "bucket %d stacks on %U",
                         bucket,
                         format_dpo_type, dpo->dpoi_type);
@@ -429,7 +354,7 @@ fib_test_validate_rep_v (const replicate_t *rep,
 int
 fib_test_validate_lb_v (const load_balance_t *lb,
                        u16 n_buckets,
-                       va_list ap)
+                       va_list *ap)
 {
     const dpo_id_t *dpo;
     int bucket;
@@ -440,7 +365,7 @@ fib_test_validate_lb_v (const load_balance_t *lb,
     {
        const fib_test_lb_bucket_t *exp;
 
-       exp = va_arg(ap, fib_test_lb_bucket_t*);
+       exp = va_arg(*ap, fib_test_lb_bucket_t*);
        dpo = load_balance_get_bucket_i(lb, bucket);
 
        switch (exp->type)
@@ -589,7 +514,17 @@ fib_test_validate_lb_v (const load_balance_t *lb,
                        exp->adj.adj);
            break;
        case FT_LB_INTF:
-           FIB_TEST_I((DPO_INTERFACE == dpo->dpoi_type),
+           FIB_TEST_I((DPO_INTERFACE_RX == dpo->dpoi_type),
+                      "bucket %d stacks on %U",
+                      bucket,
+                      format_dpo_type, dpo->dpoi_type);
+           FIB_TEST_LB((exp->adj.adj == dpo->dpoi_index),
+                       "bucket %d stacks on adj %d",
+                       bucket,
+                       exp->adj.adj);
+           break;
+       case FT_LB_L2:
+           FIB_TEST_I((DPO_L2_BRIDGE == dpo->dpoi_type),
                       "bucket %d stacks on %U",
                       bucket,
                       format_dpo_type, dpo->dpoi_type);
@@ -604,9 +539,10 @@ fib_test_validate_lb_v (const load_balance_t *lb,
                        bucket,
                        format_dpo_type, dpo->dpoi_type);
            FIB_TEST_LB((exp->lb.lb == dpo->dpoi_index),
-                       "bucket %d stacks on lb %d",
+                       "bucket %d stacks on lb %d not %d",
                        bucket,
-                       exp->lb.lb);
+                       dpo->dpoi_index,
+                        exp->lb.lb);
            break;
        case FT_LB_SPECIAL:
            FIB_TEST_I((DPO_DROP == dpo->dpoi_type),
@@ -647,7 +583,7 @@ fib_test_validate_entry (fib_node_index_t fei,
         const replicate_t *rep;
 
         rep = replicate_get(dpo.dpoi_index);
-        res = fib_test_validate_rep_v(rep, n_buckets, ap);
+        res = fib_test_validate_rep_v(rep, n_buckets, &ap);
     }
     else
     {
@@ -658,7 +594,7 @@ fib_test_validate_entry (fib_node_index_t fei,
                     format_dpo_type, dpo.dpoi_type);
 
         lb = load_balance_get(dpo.dpoi_index);
-        res = fib_test_validate_lb_v(lb, n_buckets, ap);
+        res = fib_test_validate_lb_v(lb, n_buckets, &ap);
 
         /*
          * ensure that the LB contributed by the entry is the
@@ -738,7 +674,8 @@ fib_test_v4 (void)
     lb_count = pool_elts(load_balance_pool);
 
     /* Find or create FIB table 11 */
-    fib_index = fib_table_find_or_create_and_lock(FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4, 11);
+    fib_index = fib_table_find_or_create_and_lock(FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4, 11,
+                                                  FIB_SOURCE_API);
 
     for (ii = 0; ii < 4; ii++)
     {
@@ -832,7 +769,7 @@ fib_test_v4 (void)
                                    FIB_SOURCE_INTERFACE,
                                    (FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_CONNECTED |
                                     FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_ATTACHED),
-                                   FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
+                                   DPO_PROTO_IP4,
                                    NULL,
                                    tm->hw[0]->sw_if_index,
                                    ~0, // invalid fib index
@@ -846,7 +783,8 @@ fib_test_v4 (void)
             "Flags set on attached interface");
 
     ai = fib_entry_get_adj(fei);
-    FIB_TEST((FIB_NODE_INDEX_INVALID != ai), "attached interface route adj present");
+    FIB_TEST((FIB_NODE_INDEX_INVALID != ai),
+             "attached interface route adj present %d", ai);
     adj = adj_get(ai);
     FIB_TEST((IP_LOOKUP_NEXT_GLEAN == adj->lookup_next_index),
             "attached interface adj is glean");
@@ -859,7 +797,7 @@ fib_test_v4 (void)
                                    FIB_SOURCE_INTERFACE,
                                    (FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_CONNECTED |
                                     FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_LOCAL),
-                                   FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
+                                   DPO_PROTO_IP4,
                                    NULL,
                                    tm->hw[0]->sw_if_index,
                                    ~0, // invalid fib index
@@ -909,7 +847,7 @@ fib_test_v4 (void)
     fib_table_entry_path_add(fib_index, &pfx,
                             FIB_SOURCE_API,
                             FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_NONE,
-                            FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
+                            DPO_PROTO_IP4,
                             &nh_10_10_10_1,
                             tm->hw[0]->sw_if_index,
                             ~0, // invalid fib index
@@ -961,7 +899,7 @@ fib_test_v4 (void)
     pfx.fp_len = 0;
     fib_table_entry_path_remove(fib_index, &pfx,
                                FIB_SOURCE_API,
-                               FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
+                               DPO_PROTO_IP4,
                                &nh_10_10_10_1,
                                tm->hw[0]->sw_if_index,
                                ~0, // non-recursive path, so no FIB index
@@ -1027,7 +965,7 @@ fib_test_v4 (void)
                                           &pfx_11_11_11_11_s_32,
                                           FIB_SOURCE_API,
                                           FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_ATTACHED,
-                                         FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
+                                         DPO_PROTO_IP4,
                                           &pfx_10_10_10_1_s_32.fp_addr,
                                           tm->hw[0]->sw_if_index,
                                           ~0, // invalid fib index
@@ -1089,26 +1027,26 @@ fib_test_v4 (void)
     /*
      * add the adj fib
      */
-    fei = fib_table_entry_update_one_path(fib_index,
-                                          &pfx_10_10_10_1_s_32,
-                                          FIB_SOURCE_ADJ,
-                                          FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_ATTACHED,
-                                         FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
-                                          &pfx_10_10_10_1_s_32.fp_addr,
-                                          tm->hw[0]->sw_if_index,
-                                          ~0, // invalid fib index
-                                          1,
-                                          NULL,
-                                          FIB_ROUTE_PATH_FLAG_NONE);
+    fei = fib_table_entry_path_add(fib_index,
+                                   &pfx_10_10_10_1_s_32,
+                                   FIB_SOURCE_ADJ,
+                                   FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_ATTACHED,
+                                   DPO_PROTO_IP4,
+                                   &pfx_10_10_10_1_s_32.fp_addr,
+                                   tm->hw[0]->sw_if_index,
+                                   ~0, // invalid fib index
+                                   1,
+                                   NULL,
+                                   FIB_ROUTE_PATH_FLAG_NONE);
     FIB_TEST((FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_ATTACHED  == fib_entry_get_flags(fei)),
             "Flags set on adj-fib");
     ai = fib_entry_get_adj(fei);
-    FIB_TEST((ai_01 == ai), "ADJ-FIB resolves via adj");
+    FIB_TEST((ai_01 == ai), "ADJ-FIB resolves via adj, %d", ai);
 
     fib_table_entry_path_remove(fib_index,
                                 &pfx_11_11_11_11_s_32,
                                 FIB_SOURCE_API,
-                               FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
+                               DPO_PROTO_IP4,
                                 &pfx_10_10_10_1_s_32.fp_addr,
                                 tm->hw[0]->sw_if_index,
                                 ~0, // invalid fib index
@@ -1138,17 +1076,17 @@ fib_test_v4 (void)
              "adj nbr next-hop ok");
     FIB_TEST((ai_01 != ai_02), "ADJs are different");
 
-    fib_table_entry_update_one_path(fib_index,
-                                   &pfx_10_10_10_2_s_32,
-                                   FIB_SOURCE_ADJ,
-                                   FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_ATTACHED,
-                                   FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
-                                   &pfx_10_10_10_2_s_32.fp_addr,
-                                   tm->hw[0]->sw_if_index,
-                                   ~0, // invalid fib index
-                                   1,
-                                   NULL,
-                                   FIB_ROUTE_PATH_FLAG_NONE);
+    fib_table_entry_path_add(fib_index,
+                             &pfx_10_10_10_2_s_32,
+                             FIB_SOURCE_ADJ,
+                             FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_ATTACHED,
+                             DPO_PROTO_IP4,
+                             &pfx_10_10_10_2_s_32.fp_addr,
+                             tm->hw[0]->sw_if_index,
+                             ~0, // invalid fib index
+                             1,
+                             NULL,
+                             FIB_ROUTE_PATH_FLAG_NONE);
 
     fei = fib_table_lookup(fib_index, &pfx_10_10_10_2_s_32);
     ai = fib_entry_get_adj(fei);
@@ -1179,7 +1117,7 @@ fib_test_v4 (void)
                             &pfx_1_1_1_1_s_32,
                             FIB_SOURCE_API,
                             FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_NONE,
-                            FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
+                            DPO_PROTO_IP4,
                             &nh_10_10_10_1,
                             tm->hw[0]->sw_if_index,
                             ~0, // invalid fib index
@@ -1212,7 +1150,7 @@ fib_test_v4 (void)
                             &pfx_1_1_2_0_s_24,
                             FIB_SOURCE_API,
                             FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_NONE,
-                            FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
+                            DPO_PROTO_IP4,
                             &nh_10_10_10_1,
                             tm->hw[0]->sw_if_index,
                             ~0, // invalid fib index
@@ -1239,7 +1177,7 @@ fib_test_v4 (void)
                             &pfx_1_1_2_0_s_24,
                             FIB_SOURCE_API,
                             FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_NONE,
-                            FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
+                            DPO_PROTO_IP4,
                             &nh_10_10_10_2,
                             tm->hw[0]->sw_if_index,
                             ~0, // invalid fib index
@@ -1278,7 +1216,7 @@ fib_test_v4 (void)
     fib_table_entry_path_remove(fib_index,
                                &pfx_1_1_2_0_s_24,
                                FIB_SOURCE_API,
-                               FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
+                               DPO_PROTO_IP4,
                                &nh_10_10_10_2,
                                tm->hw[0]->sw_if_index,
                                ~0,
@@ -1325,7 +1263,7 @@ fib_test_v4 (void)
                                   &bgp_100_pfx,
                                   FIB_SOURCE_API,
                                   FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_NONE,
-                                  FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
+                                  DPO_PROTO_IP4,
                                   &nh_1_1_1_1,
                                   ~0, // no index provided.
                                   fib_index, // nexthop in same fib as route
@@ -1361,7 +1299,7 @@ fib_test_v4 (void)
                             &bgp_101_pfx,
                             FIB_SOURCE_API,
                             FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_NONE,
-                            FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
+                            DPO_PROTO_IP4,
                             &nh_1_1_1_1,
                             ~0, // no index provided.
                             fib_index, // nexthop in same fib as route
@@ -1481,19 +1419,20 @@ fib_test_v4 (void)
        },
     };
 
-    fib_table_entry_path_add(fib_index,
-                            &bgp_200_pfx,
-                            FIB_SOURCE_API,
-                            FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_NONE,
-                            FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
-                            &pfx_1_1_1_2_s_32.fp_addr,
-                            ~0, // no index provided.
-                            fib_index, // nexthop in same fib as route
-                            1,
-                            NULL,
-                            FIB_ROUTE_PATH_FLAG_NONE);
+    fei = fib_table_entry_path_add(fib_index,
+                                   &bgp_200_pfx,
+                                   FIB_SOURCE_API,
+                                   FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_NONE,
+                                   DPO_PROTO_IP4,
+                                   &pfx_1_1_1_2_s_32.fp_addr,
+                                   ~0, // no index provided.
+                                   fib_index, // nexthop in same fib as route
+                                   1,
+                                   NULL,
+                                   FIB_ROUTE_PATH_FLAG_NONE);
 
-    FIB_TEST_REC_FORW(&bgp_200_pfx, &pfx_1_1_1_2_s_32, 0);
+    FIB_TEST(load_balance_is_drop(fib_entry_contribute_ip_forwarding(fei)),
+             "Recursive via unresolved is drop");
 
     /*
      * the adj should be recursive via drop, since the route resolves via
@@ -1531,7 +1470,7 @@ fib_test_v4 (void)
                             &pfx_1_2_3_4_s_32,
                             FIB_SOURCE_API,
                             FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_NONE,
-                            FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
+                            DPO_PROTO_IP4,
                              &nh_10_10_10_1,
                              tm->hw[0]->sw_if_index,
                              ~0,
@@ -1542,7 +1481,7 @@ fib_test_v4 (void)
                                    &pfx_1_2_3_4_s_32,
                                    FIB_SOURCE_API,
                                    FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_NONE,
-                                  FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
+                                  DPO_PROTO_IP4,
                                    &nh_12_12_12_12,
                                    tm->hw[1]->sw_if_index,
                                    ~0,
@@ -1583,7 +1522,7 @@ fib_test_v4 (void)
                             &pfx_1_2_3_5_s_32,
                             FIB_SOURCE_API,
                             FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_NONE,
-                            FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
+                            DPO_PROTO_IP4,
                              &nh_12_12_12_12,
                              tm->hw[1]->sw_if_index,
                              ~0,
@@ -1594,7 +1533,7 @@ fib_test_v4 (void)
                                    &pfx_1_2_3_5_s_32,
                                    FIB_SOURCE_API,
                                    FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_NONE,
-                                  FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
+                                  DPO_PROTO_IP4,
                                    &nh_10_10_10_1,
                                    tm->hw[0]->sw_if_index,
                                    ~0,
@@ -1644,13 +1583,13 @@ fib_test_v4 (void)
            .ip4.as_u32 = clib_host_to_net_u32(0x06060606),
        },
     };
-    fib_test_lb_bucket_t ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_1 = {
+    fib_test_lb_bucket_t ip_o_10_10_10_1 = {
        .type = FT_LB_ADJ,
        .adj = {
            .adj = ai_01,
        },
     };
-    fib_test_lb_bucket_t ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2 = {
+    fib_test_lb_bucket_t ip_o_10_10_10_2 = {
         .type = FT_LB_ADJ,
         .adj = {
             .adj = ai_02,
@@ -1666,7 +1605,7 @@ fib_test_v4 (void)
                                    &pfx_6_6_6_6_s_32,
                                    FIB_SOURCE_API,
                                    FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_NONE,
-                                   FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
+                                   DPO_PROTO_IP4,
                                    &nh_10_10_10_1,
                                    tm->hw[0]->sw_if_index,
                                    ~0, // invalid fib index
@@ -1678,14 +1617,14 @@ fib_test_v4 (void)
     FIB_TEST(fib_test_validate_entry(fei,
                                     FIB_FORW_CHAIN_TYPE_UNICAST_IP4,
                                     1,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_1),
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_1),
             "6.6.6.6/32 via 10.10.10.1");
 
     fib_table_entry_path_add(fib_index,
                              &pfx_6_6_6_6_s_32,
                              FIB_SOURCE_API,
                              FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_NONE,
-                             FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
+                             DPO_PROTO_IP4,
                              &nh_10_10_10_2,
                              tm->hw[0]->sw_if_index,
                              ~0, // invalid fib index
@@ -1697,77 +1636,77 @@ fib_test_v4 (void)
     FIB_TEST(fib_test_validate_entry(fei,
                                     FIB_FORW_CHAIN_TYPE_UNICAST_IP4,
                                     64,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_1),
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_1),
             "6.6.6.6/32 via 10.10.10.1 and 10.10.10.2 in 63:1 ratio");
 
     fib_table_entry_path_add(fib_index,
                              &pfx_6_6_6_6_s_32,
                              FIB_SOURCE_API,
                              FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_NONE,
-                             FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
+                             DPO_PROTO_IP4,
                              &nh_12_12_12_12,
                              tm->hw[1]->sw_if_index,
                              ~0, // invalid fib index
@@ -1779,71 +1718,71 @@ fib_test_v4 (void)
     FIB_TEST(fib_test_validate_entry(fei,
                                     FIB_FORW_CHAIN_TYPE_UNICAST_IP4,
                                     128,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_1,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_1,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
                                     &ip_6_6_6_6_o_12_12_12_12,
                                     &ip_6_6_6_6_o_12_12_12_12,
                                     &ip_6_6_6_6_o_12_12_12_12,
@@ -1912,7 +1851,7 @@ fib_test_v4 (void)
     fib_table_entry_path_remove(fib_index,
                                 &pfx_6_6_6_6_s_32,
                                 FIB_SOURCE_API,
-                                FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
+                                DPO_PROTO_IP4,
                                 &nh_12_12_12_12,
                                 tm->hw[1]->sw_if_index,
                                 ~0, // invalid fib index
@@ -1923,76 +1862,76 @@ fib_test_v4 (void)
     FIB_TEST(fib_test_validate_entry(fei,
                                     FIB_FORW_CHAIN_TYPE_UNICAST_IP4,
                                     64,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_2,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_1),
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_2,
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_1),
             "6.6.6.6/32 via 10.10.10.1 and 10.10.10.2 in 63:1 ratio");
 
     fib_table_entry_path_remove(fib_index,
                                 &pfx_6_6_6_6_s_32,
                                 FIB_SOURCE_API,
-                                FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
+                                DPO_PROTO_IP4,
                                 &nh_10_10_10_2,
                                 tm->hw[0]->sw_if_index,
                                 ~0, // invalid fib index
@@ -2003,7 +1942,7 @@ fib_test_v4 (void)
     FIB_TEST(fib_test_validate_entry(fei,
                                     FIB_FORW_CHAIN_TYPE_UNICAST_IP4,
                                     1,
-                                    &ip_6_6_6_6_o_10_10_10_1),
+                                    &ip_o_10_10_10_1),
             "6.6.6.6/32 via 10.10.10.1");
 
     fib_table_entry_delete(fib_index, &pfx_6_6_6_6_s_32, FIB_SOURCE_API);
@@ -2023,7 +1962,7 @@ fib_test_v4 (void)
                                    &bgp_44_s_32,
                                    FIB_SOURCE_API,
                                    FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_NONE,
-                                  FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
+                                  DPO_PROTO_IP4,
                                   &pfx_1_2_3_4_s_32.fp_addr,
                                    ~0,
                                    fib_index,
@@ -2034,7 +1973,7 @@ fib_test_v4 (void)
                                    &bgp_44_s_32,
                                    FIB_SOURCE_API,
                                    FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_NONE,
-                                  FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
+                                  DPO_PROTO_IP4,
                                   &pfx_1_2_3_5_s_32.fp_addr,
                                    ~0,
                                    fib_index,
@@ -2100,19 +2039,20 @@ fib_test_v4 (void)
        },
     };
 
-    fib_table_entry_path_add(fib_index,
-                            &bgp_201_pfx,
-                            FIB_SOURCE_API,
-                            FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_NONE,
-                            FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
-                            &pfx_1_1_1_200_s_32.fp_addr,
-                            ~0, // no index provided.
-                            fib_index, // nexthop in same fib as route
-                            1,
-                            NULL,
-                            FIB_ROUTE_PATH_FLAG_NONE);
+    fei = fib_table_entry_path_add(fib_index,
+                                   &bgp_201_pfx,
+                                   FIB_SOURCE_API,
+                                   FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_NONE,
+                                   DPO_PROTO_IP4,
+                                   &pfx_1_1_1_200_s_32.fp_addr,
+                                   ~0, // no index provided.
+                                   fib_index, // nexthop in same fib as route
+                                   1,
+                                   NULL,
+                                   FIB_ROUTE_PATH_FLAG_NONE);
 
-    FIB_TEST_REC_FORW(&bgp_201_pfx, &pfx_1_1_1_200_s_32, 0);
+    FIB_TEST(load_balance_is_drop(fib_entry_contribute_ip_forwarding(fei)),
+             "Recursive via unresolved is drop");
 
     fei = fib_table_lookup_exact_match(fib_index, &pfx_1_1_1_200_s_32);
     FIB_TEST((FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_NONE == fib_entry_get_flags(fei)),
@@ -2147,7 +2087,7 @@ fib_test_v4 (void)
                             &pfx_1_1_1_0_s_24,
                             FIB_SOURCE_API,
                             FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_NONE,
-                            FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
+                            DPO_PROTO_IP4,
                             &nh_10_10_10_1,
                             tm->hw[0]->sw_if_index,
                             ~0, // invalid fib index
@@ -2205,7 +2145,7 @@ fib_test_v4 (void)
                             &pfx_1_1_1_0_s_28,
                             FIB_SOURCE_API,
                             FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_NONE,
-                            FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
+                            DPO_PROTO_IP4,
                             &nh_10_10_10_2,
                             tm->hw[0]->sw_if_index,
                             ~0, // invalid fib index
@@ -2240,7 +2180,7 @@ fib_test_v4 (void)
     fib_table_entry_path_remove(fib_index,
                                &pfx_1_1_1_0_s_28,
                                FIB_SOURCE_API,
-                               FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
+                               DPO_PROTO_IP4,
                                &nh_10_10_10_2,
                                tm->hw[0]->sw_if_index,
                                ~0,
@@ -2271,7 +2211,7 @@ fib_test_v4 (void)
     fib_table_entry_path_remove(fib_index,
                                &pfx_1_1_1_0_s_24,
                                FIB_SOURCE_API,
-                               FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
+                               DPO_PROTO_IP4,
                                &nh_10_10_10_1,
                                tm->hw[0]->sw_if_index,
                                ~0,
@@ -2284,12 +2224,16 @@ fib_test_v4 (void)
     fei = fib_table_lookup(fib_index, &pfx_1_1_1_2_s_32);
     FIB_TEST(load_balance_is_drop(fib_entry_contribute_ip_forwarding(fei)),
             "1.1.1.2/32 route is DROP");
-    fei = fib_table_lookup(fib_index, &pfx_1_1_1_200_s_32);
+    fei = fib_table_lookup_exact_match(fib_index, &pfx_1_1_1_200_s_32);
     FIB_TEST(load_balance_is_drop(fib_entry_contribute_ip_forwarding(fei)),
             "1.1.1.200/32 route is DROP");
 
-    FIB_TEST_REC_FORW(&bgp_201_pfx, &pfx_1_1_1_200_s_32, 0);
-    FIB_TEST_REC_FORW(&bgp_200_pfx, &pfx_1_1_1_2_s_32, 0);
+    fei = fib_table_lookup_exact_match(fib_index, &bgp_201_pfx);
+    FIB_TEST(load_balance_is_drop(fib_entry_contribute_ip_forwarding(fei)),
+             "201 is drop");
+    fei = fib_table_lookup_exact_match(fib_index, &bgp_200_pfx);
+    FIB_TEST(load_balance_is_drop(fib_entry_contribute_ip_forwarding(fei)),
+             "200 is drop");
 
     /*
      * -1 entry
@@ -2308,7 +2252,7 @@ fib_test_v4 (void)
                                   &pfx_1_1_1_2_s_32,
                                   FIB_SOURCE_API,
                                   FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_NONE,
-                                  FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
+                                  DPO_PROTO_IP4,
                                   &nh_10_10_10_1,
                                   tm->hw[0]->sw_if_index,
                                   ~0, // invalid fib index
@@ -2319,7 +2263,9 @@ fib_test_v4 (void)
     ai = fib_entry_get_adj(fei);
     FIB_TEST((ai = ai_01), "1.1.1.2/32 resolves via 10.10.10.1");
 
-    FIB_TEST_REC_FORW(&bgp_201_pfx, &pfx_1_1_1_200_s_32, 0);
+    fei = fib_table_lookup_exact_match(fib_index, &bgp_201_pfx);
+    FIB_TEST(load_balance_is_drop(fib_entry_contribute_ip_forwarding(fei)),
+             "201 is drop");
     FIB_TEST_REC_FORW(&bgp_200_pfx, &pfx_1_1_1_2_s_32, 0);
 
     /*
@@ -2332,13 +2278,40 @@ fib_test_v4 (void)
     FIB_TEST((ENBR+12 == fib_entry_pool_size()), "entry pool size is %d",
             fib_entry_pool_size());
 
+    /*
+     * give 201 a resolved path.
+     *  it now has the unresolved 1.1.1.200 and the resolved 1.1.1.2,
+     *  only the latter contributes forwarding.
+     */
+    fei = fib_table_entry_path_add(fib_index,
+                                   &bgp_201_pfx,
+                                   FIB_SOURCE_API,
+                                   FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_NONE,
+                                   DPO_PROTO_IP4,
+                                   &pfx_1_1_1_2_s_32.fp_addr,
+                                   ~0,
+                                   fib_index,
+                                   1,
+                                   NULL,
+                                   FIB_ROUTE_PATH_FLAG_NONE);
+    FIB_TEST_REC_FORW(&bgp_201_pfx, &pfx_1_1_1_2_s_32, 0);
+    fib_table_entry_path_remove(fib_index,
+                                &bgp_201_pfx,
+                                FIB_SOURCE_API,
+                                DPO_PROTO_IP4,
+                                &pfx_1_1_1_2_s_32.fp_addr,
+                                ~0,
+                                fib_index,
+                                1,
+                                FIB_ROUTE_PATH_FLAG_NONE);
+
     /*
      * remove 200.200.200.201/32 which does not have a valid via FIB
      */
     fib_table_entry_path_remove(fib_index,
                                &bgp_201_pfx,
                                FIB_SOURCE_API,
-                               FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
+                               DPO_PROTO_IP4,
                                &pfx_1_1_1_200_s_32.fp_addr,
                                ~0, // no index provided.
                                fib_index,
@@ -2368,7 +2341,7 @@ fib_test_v4 (void)
     fib_table_entry_path_remove(fib_index,
                                &bgp_200_pfx,
                                FIB_SOURCE_API,
-                               FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
+                               DPO_PROTO_IP4,
                                &pfx_1_1_1_2_s_32.fp_addr,
                                ~0, // no index provided.
                                fib_index,
@@ -2409,7 +2382,7 @@ fib_test_v4 (void)
                             &bgp_102,
                             FIB_SOURCE_API,
                             FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_NONE,
-                            FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
+                            DPO_PROTO_IP4,
                             &pfx_1_1_1_1_s_32.fp_addr,
                             ~0, // no index provided.
                             fib_index, // same as route
@@ -2420,7 +2393,7 @@ fib_test_v4 (void)
                             &bgp_102,
                             FIB_SOURCE_API,
                             FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_NONE,
-                            FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
+                            DPO_PROTO_IP4,
                             &pfx_1_1_1_2_s_32.fp_addr,
                             ~0, // no index provided.
                             fib_index, // same as route's FIB
@@ -2446,7 +2419,7 @@ fib_test_v4 (void)
     fib_table_entry_path_remove(fib_index,
                                &bgp_102,
                                FIB_SOURCE_API,
-                               FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
+                               DPO_PROTO_IP4,
                                &pfx_1_1_1_1_s_32.fp_addr,
                                ~0, // no index provided.
                                fib_index, // same as route's FIB
@@ -2455,7 +2428,7 @@ fib_test_v4 (void)
     fib_table_entry_path_remove(fib_index,
                                &bgp_102,
                                FIB_SOURCE_API,
-                               FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
+                               DPO_PROTO_IP4,
                                &pfx_1_1_1_2_s_32.fp_addr,
                                ~0, // no index provided.
                                fib_index, // same as route's FIB
@@ -2470,7 +2443,7 @@ fib_test_v4 (void)
     fib_table_entry_path_remove(fib_index,
                                &bgp_100_pfx,
                                FIB_SOURCE_API,
-                               FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
+                               DPO_PROTO_IP4,
                                &pfx_1_1_1_1_s_32.fp_addr,
                                ~0, // no index provided.
                                fib_index, // same as route's FIB
@@ -2479,7 +2452,7 @@ fib_test_v4 (void)
     fib_table_entry_path_remove(fib_index,
                                &bgp_101_pfx,
                                FIB_SOURCE_API,
-                               FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
+                               DPO_PROTO_IP4,
                                &pfx_1_1_1_1_s_32.fp_addr,
                                ~0, // no index provided.
                                fib_index, // same as route's FIB
@@ -2509,7 +2482,7 @@ fib_test_v4 (void)
                             &bgp_200_pfx,
                             FIB_SOURCE_API,
                             FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_NONE,
-                            FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
+                            DPO_PROTO_IP4,
                             &nh_10_10_10_1,
                             ~0, // no index provided.
                             fib_index, // Same as route's FIB
@@ -2556,7 +2529,7 @@ fib_test_v4 (void)
                             &bgp_201_pfx,
                             FIB_SOURCE_API,
                             FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_NONE,
-                            FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
+                            DPO_PROTO_IP4,
                             &nh_10_10_10_3,
                             ~0, // no index provided.
                             fib_index,
@@ -2602,7 +2575,7 @@ fib_test_v4 (void)
     fib_table_entry_path_remove(fib_index,
                                &bgp_200_pfx,
                                FIB_SOURCE_API,
-                               FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
+                               DPO_PROTO_IP4,
                                &nh_10_10_10_1,
                                ~0, // no index provided.
                                fib_index, // same as route's FIB
@@ -2611,7 +2584,7 @@ fib_test_v4 (void)
     fib_table_entry_path_remove(fib_index,
                                &bgp_201_pfx,
                                FIB_SOURCE_API,
-                               FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
+                               DPO_PROTO_IP4,
                                &nh_10_10_10_3,
                                ~0, // no index provided.
                                fib_index, // same as route's FIB
@@ -2670,7 +2643,7 @@ fib_test_v4 (void)
                             &pfx_5_5_5_5_s_32,
                             FIB_SOURCE_API,
                             FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_NONE,
-                            FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
+                            DPO_PROTO_IP4,
                             &pfx_5_5_5_6_s_32.fp_addr,
                             ~0, // no index provided.
                             fib_index,
@@ -2681,7 +2654,7 @@ fib_test_v4 (void)
                             &pfx_5_5_5_6_s_32,
                             FIB_SOURCE_API,
                             FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_NONE,
-                            FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
+                            DPO_PROTO_IP4,
                             &pfx_5_5_5_7_s_32.fp_addr,
                             ~0, // no index provided.
                             fib_index,
@@ -2692,7 +2665,7 @@ fib_test_v4 (void)
                             &pfx_5_5_5_7_s_32,
                             FIB_SOURCE_API,
                             FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_NONE,
-                            FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
+                            DPO_PROTO_IP4,
                             &pfx_5_5_5_5_s_32.fp_addr,
                             ~0, // no index provided.
                             fib_index,
@@ -2731,7 +2704,7 @@ fib_test_v4 (void)
                             &pfx_5_5_5_6_s_32,
                             FIB_SOURCE_API,
                             FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_NONE,
-                            FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
+                            DPO_PROTO_IP4,
                             &nh_10_10_10_1,
                             tm->hw[0]->sw_if_index,
                             ~0,
@@ -2764,7 +2737,7 @@ fib_test_v4 (void)
     fib_table_entry_path_remove(fib_index,
                                &pfx_5_5_5_6_s_32,
                                FIB_SOURCE_API,
-                               FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
+                               DPO_PROTO_IP4,
                                &nh_10_10_10_1,
                                tm->hw[0]->sw_if_index,
                                ~0,
@@ -2789,7 +2762,7 @@ fib_test_v4 (void)
                                    &pfx_5_5_5_5_s_32,
                                    FIB_SOURCE_API,
                                    FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_NONE,
-                                   FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
+                                   DPO_PROTO_IP4,
                                    &nh_10_10_10_1,
                                    tm->hw[0]->sw_if_index,
                                    ~0, // invalid fib index
@@ -2831,7 +2804,7 @@ fib_test_v4 (void)
                                    &pfx_5_5_5_5_s_32,
                                    FIB_SOURCE_API,
                                    FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_NONE,
-                                   FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
+                                   DPO_PROTO_IP4,
                                    &pfx_5_5_5_6_s_32.fp_addr,
                                    ~0, // no index provided.
                                    fib_index,
@@ -2855,7 +2828,7 @@ fib_test_v4 (void)
     fib_table_entry_path_remove(fib_index,
                                &pfx_5_5_5_5_s_32,
                                FIB_SOURCE_API,
-                               FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
+                               DPO_PROTO_IP4,
                                &pfx_5_5_5_6_s_32.fp_addr,
                                ~0, // no index provided.
                                fib_index, // same as route's FIB
@@ -2864,7 +2837,7 @@ fib_test_v4 (void)
     fib_table_entry_path_remove(fib_index,
                                &pfx_5_5_5_6_s_32,
                                FIB_SOURCE_API,
-                               FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
+                               DPO_PROTO_IP4,
                                &pfx_5_5_5_7_s_32.fp_addr,
                                ~0, // no index provided.
                                fib_index, // same as route's FIB
@@ -2873,7 +2846,7 @@ fib_test_v4 (void)
     fib_table_entry_path_remove(fib_index,
                                &pfx_5_5_5_7_s_32,
                                FIB_SOURCE_API,
-                               FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
+                               DPO_PROTO_IP4,
                                &pfx_5_5_5_5_s_32.fp_addr,
                                ~0, // no index provided.
                                fib_index, // same as route's FIB
@@ -2882,7 +2855,7 @@ fib_test_v4 (void)
     fib_table_entry_path_remove(fib_index,
                                &pfx_5_5_5_6_s_32,
                                FIB_SOURCE_API,
-                               FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
+                               DPO_PROTO_IP4,
                                &nh_10_10_10_2,
                                ~0, // no index provided.
                                fib_index, // same as route's FIB
@@ -2906,7 +2879,7 @@ fib_test_v4 (void)
                             &pfx_5_5_5_6_s_32,
                             FIB_SOURCE_API,
                             FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_NONE,
-                            FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
+                            DPO_PROTO_IP4,
                             &pfx_5_5_5_6_s_32.fp_addr,
                             ~0, // no index provided.
                             fib_index,
@@ -2920,7 +2893,7 @@ fib_test_v4 (void)
     fib_table_entry_path_remove(fib_index,
                                &pfx_5_5_5_6_s_32,
                                FIB_SOURCE_API,
-                               FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
+                               DPO_PROTO_IP4,
                                &pfx_5_5_5_6_s_32.fp_addr,
                                ~0, // no index provided.
                                fib_index, // same as route's FIB
@@ -2954,7 +2927,7 @@ fib_test_v4 (void)
                                   &pfx_23_23_23_0_s_24,
                                   FIB_SOURCE_API,
                                   FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_NONE,
-                                  FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
+                                  DPO_PROTO_IP4,
                                   &pfx_23_23_23_23_s_32.fp_addr,
                                   ~0, // recursive
                                   fib_index,
@@ -2976,6 +2949,36 @@ fib_test_v4 (void)
     FIB_TEST((ENBR+7 == fib_entry_pool_size()), "entry pool size is %d",
             fib_entry_pool_size());
 
+    /*
+     * Make the default route recursive via a unknown next-hop. Thus the
+     * next hop's cover would be the default route
+     */
+    fei = fib_table_entry_path_add(fib_index,
+                                  &pfx_0_0_0_0_s_0,
+                                  FIB_SOURCE_API,
+                                  FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_NONE,
+                                  DPO_PROTO_IP4,
+                                  &pfx_23_23_23_23_s_32.fp_addr,
+                                  ~0, // recursive
+                                  fib_index,
+                                  1,
+                                  NULL,
+                                  FIB_ROUTE_PATH_FLAG_NONE);
+    dpo = fib_entry_contribute_ip_forwarding(fei);
+    FIB_TEST(load_balance_is_drop(dpo),
+            "0.0.0.0.0/0 via is DROP");
+    FIB_TEST((fib_entry_get_resolving_interface(fei) == ~0),
+             "no resolving interface for looped 0.0.0.0/0");
+
+    fei = fib_table_lookup_exact_match(fib_index, &pfx_23_23_23_23_s_32);
+    dpo = fib_entry_contribute_ip_forwarding(fei);
+    FIB_TEST(load_balance_is_drop(dpo),
+            "23.23.23.23/32 via is DROP");
+    FIB_TEST((fib_entry_get_resolving_interface(fei) == ~0),
+             "no resolving interface for looped 23.23.23.23/32");
+
+    fib_table_entry_delete(fib_index, &pfx_0_0_0_0_s_0, FIB_SOURCE_API);
+
     /*
      * A recursive route with recursion constraints.
      *  200.200.200.200/32 via 1.1.1.1 is recurse via host constrained
@@ -2984,7 +2987,7 @@ fib_test_v4 (void)
                             &bgp_200_pfx,
                             FIB_SOURCE_API,
                             FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_NONE,
-                            FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
+                            DPO_PROTO_IP4,
                             &nh_1_1_1_1,
                             ~0,
                             fib_index,
@@ -3014,7 +3017,7 @@ fib_test_v4 (void)
                             &pfx_1_1_1_0_s_28,
                             FIB_SOURCE_API,
                             FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_NONE,
-                            FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
+                            DPO_PROTO_IP4,
                             &nh_10_10_10_1,
                             tm->hw[0]->sw_if_index,
                             ~0, // invalid fib index
@@ -3032,7 +3035,7 @@ fib_test_v4 (void)
     fib_table_entry_path_remove(fib_index,
                                &pfx_1_1_1_1_s_32,
                                FIB_SOURCE_API,
-                               FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
+                               DPO_PROTO_IP4,
                                &nh_10_10_10_1,
                                tm->hw[0]->sw_if_index,
                                ~0, // invalid fib index
@@ -3049,7 +3052,7 @@ fib_test_v4 (void)
                             &pfx_1_1_1_1_s_32,
                             FIB_SOURCE_API,
                             FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_NONE,
-                            FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
+                            DPO_PROTO_IP4,
                             &nh_10_10_10_1,
                             tm->hw[0]->sw_if_index,
                             ~0, // invalid fib index
@@ -3073,7 +3076,7 @@ fib_test_v4 (void)
                             &pfx_1_1_1_3_s_32,
                             FIB_SOURCE_API,
                             FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_NONE,
-                            FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
+                            DPO_PROTO_IP4,
                             &nh_10_10_10_2,
                             tm->hw[0]->sw_if_index,
                             ~0, // invalid fib index
@@ -3085,7 +3088,7 @@ fib_test_v4 (void)
                             &bgp_200_pfx,
                             FIB_SOURCE_API,
                             FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_NONE,
-                            FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
+                            DPO_PROTO_IP4,
                             &pfx_1_1_1_3_s_32.fp_addr,
                             ~0,
                             fib_index,
@@ -3110,7 +3113,7 @@ fib_test_v4 (void)
                                  &bgp_78s[ii],
                                  FIB_SOURCE_API,
                                  FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_NONE,
-                                 FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
+                                 DPO_PROTO_IP4,
                                  &pfx_1_1_1_3_s_32.fp_addr,
                                  ~0,
                                  fib_index,
@@ -3121,7 +3124,7 @@ fib_test_v4 (void)
                                  &bgp_78s[ii],
                                  FIB_SOURCE_API,
                                  FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_NONE,
-                                 FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
+                                 DPO_PROTO_IP4,
                                  &nh_1_1_1_1,
                                  ~0,
                                  fib_index,
@@ -3171,7 +3174,7 @@ fib_test_v4 (void)
     fib_table_entry_path_remove(fib_index,
                                &pfx_1_1_1_1_s_32,
                                FIB_SOURCE_API,
-                               FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
+                               DPO_PROTO_IP4,
                                &nh_10_10_10_1,
                                tm->hw[0]->sw_if_index,
                                ~0, // invalid fib index
@@ -3210,7 +3213,7 @@ fib_test_v4 (void)
                             &pfx_1_1_1_1_s_32,
                             FIB_SOURCE_API,
                             FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_NONE,
-                            FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
+                            DPO_PROTO_IP4,
                             &nh_10_10_10_1,
                             tm->hw[0]->sw_if_index,
                             ~0, // invalid fib index
@@ -3240,7 +3243,7 @@ fib_test_v4 (void)
                             &bgp_200_pfx,
                             FIB_SOURCE_API,
                             FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_NONE,
-                            FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
+                            DPO_PROTO_IP4,
                             &pfx_1_1_1_2_s_32.fp_addr,
                             ~0,
                             fib_index,
@@ -3253,7 +3256,7 @@ fib_test_v4 (void)
                                  &bgp_78s[ii],
                             FIB_SOURCE_API,
                             FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_NONE,
-                            FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
+                            DPO_PROTO_IP4,
                             &pfx_1_1_1_2_s_32.fp_addr,
                             ~0,
                             fib_index,
@@ -3287,7 +3290,7 @@ fib_test_v4 (void)
     fib_table_entry_path_remove(fib_index,
                                &pfx_1_1_1_1_s_32,
                                FIB_SOURCE_API,
-                               FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
+                               DPO_PROTO_IP4,
                                &nh_10_10_10_1,
                                tm->hw[0]->sw_if_index,
                                ~0,
@@ -3324,7 +3327,7 @@ fib_test_v4 (void)
                              &pfx_1_1_1_1_s_32,
                              FIB_SOURCE_API,
                              FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_NONE,
-                            FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
+                            DPO_PROTO_IP4,
                              &nh_10_10_10_1,
                              tm->hw[0]->sw_if_index,
                              ~0,
@@ -3345,7 +3348,7 @@ fib_test_v4 (void)
     fib_table_entry_path_remove(fib_index,
                                 &bgp_200_pfx,
                                 FIB_SOURCE_API,
-                               FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
+                               DPO_PROTO_IP4,
                                 &pfx_1_1_1_2_s_32.fp_addr,
                                 ~0,
                                 fib_index,
@@ -3354,7 +3357,7 @@ fib_test_v4 (void)
     fib_table_entry_path_remove(fib_index,
                                &bgp_200_pfx,
                                FIB_SOURCE_API,
-                               FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
+                               DPO_PROTO_IP4,
                                &nh_1_1_1_1,
                                ~0,
                                fib_index,
@@ -3363,7 +3366,7 @@ fib_test_v4 (void)
     fib_table_entry_path_remove(fib_index,
                                &bgp_200_pfx,
                                FIB_SOURCE_API,
-                               FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
+                               DPO_PROTO_IP4,
                                &pfx_1_1_1_3_s_32.fp_addr,
                                ~0,
                                fib_index,
@@ -3414,7 +3417,7 @@ fib_test_v4 (void)
                             &pfx_4_4_4_4_s_32,
                             FIB_SOURCE_API,
                             FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_NONE,
-                            FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
+                            DPO_PROTO_IP4,
                             &nh_10_10_10_1,
                             tm->hw[0]->sw_if_index,
                             ~0,
@@ -3425,7 +3428,7 @@ fib_test_v4 (void)
                             &pfx_4_4_4_4_s_32,
                             FIB_SOURCE_API,
                             FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_NONE,
-                            FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
+                            DPO_PROTO_IP4,
                             &nh_10_10_10_2,
                             tm->hw[0]->sw_if_index,
                             ~0,
@@ -3436,7 +3439,7 @@ fib_test_v4 (void)
                             &pfx_4_4_4_4_s_32,
                             FIB_SOURCE_API,
                             FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_NONE,
-                            FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
+                            DPO_PROTO_IP4,
                             &nh_10_10_10_3,
                             tm->hw[0]->sw_if_index,
                             ~0,
@@ -3472,7 +3475,7 @@ fib_test_v4 (void)
     for (ii = 0; ii < 4; ii++)
     {
        fib_route_path_t r_path = {
-           .frp_proto = FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
+           .frp_proto = DPO_PROTO_IP4,
            .frp_addr = {
                .ip4.as_u32 = clib_host_to_net_u32(0x0a0a0a02 + ii),
            },
@@ -3521,7 +3524,7 @@ fib_test_v4 (void)
                             &pfx_4_4_4_4_s_32,
                             FIB_SOURCE_API,
                             FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_NONE,
-                            FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
+                            DPO_PROTO_IP4,
                             &zero_addr,
                             ~0,
                             fib_index,
@@ -3577,11 +3580,22 @@ fib_test_v4 (void)
            .ip4.as_u32 = clib_host_to_net_u32(0x22220101),
        },
     };
+    fei = fib_table_entry_path_add(fib_index,
+                                   &pfx_34_34_1_1_s_32,
+                                   FIB_SOURCE_API,
+                                   FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_NONE,
+                                   DPO_PROTO_IP4,
+                                   &nh_10_10_10_1,
+                                   tm->hw[0]->sw_if_index,
+                                   0,
+                                   1,
+                                   NULL,
+                                   FIB_ROUTE_PATH_FLAG_NONE);
     fei = fib_table_entry_path_add(fib_index,
                                    &pfx_34_1_1_1_s_32,
                                    FIB_SOURCE_API,
                                    FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_NONE,
-                                   FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
+                                   DPO_PROTO_IP4,
                                    &pfx_34_34_1_1_s_32.fp_addr,
                                    ~0,
                                    fib_index,
@@ -3592,7 +3606,7 @@ fib_test_v4 (void)
                                    &pfx_34_1_1_1_s_32,
                                    FIB_SOURCE_API,
                                    FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_NONE,
-                                   FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
+                                   DPO_PROTO_IP4,
                                    &pfx_34_34_1_1_s_32.fp_addr,
                                    ~0,
                                    fib_index,
@@ -3601,6 +3615,9 @@ fib_test_v4 (void)
                                    FIB_ROUTE_PATH_FLAG_NONE);
     FIB_TEST_REC_FORW(&pfx_34_1_1_1_s_32, &pfx_34_34_1_1_s_32, 0);
     fib_table_entry_delete_index(fei, FIB_SOURCE_API);
+    fib_table_entry_delete(fib_index,
+                           &pfx_34_34_1_1_s_32,
+                           FIB_SOURCE_API);
 
     /*
      * CLEANUP
@@ -3610,7 +3627,7 @@ fib_test_v4 (void)
     fib_table_entry_path_remove(fib_index,
                                &pfx_1_1_1_2_s_32,
                                FIB_SOURCE_API,
-                               FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
+                               DPO_PROTO_IP4,
                                &nh_10_10_10_1,
                                tm->hw[0]->sw_if_index,
                                ~0,
@@ -3619,7 +3636,7 @@ fib_test_v4 (void)
     fib_table_entry_path_remove(fib_index,
                                &pfx_1_1_1_1_s_32,
                                FIB_SOURCE_API,
-                               FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
+                               DPO_PROTO_IP4,
                                &nh_10_10_10_1,
                                tm->hw[0]->sw_if_index,
                                ~0,
@@ -3628,7 +3645,7 @@ fib_test_v4 (void)
     fib_table_entry_path_remove(fib_index,
                                &pfx_1_1_2_0_s_24,
                                FIB_SOURCE_API,
-                               FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
+                               DPO_PROTO_IP4,
                                &nh_10_10_10_1,
                                tm->hw[0]->sw_if_index,
                                ~0,
@@ -3670,7 +3687,7 @@ fib_test_v4 (void)
                             &pfx_4_1_1_1_s_32,
                             FIB_SOURCE_API,
                             FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_NONE,
-                            FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
+                            DPO_PROTO_IP4,
                             &zero_addr,
                             tm->hw[0]->sw_if_index,
                             fib_index,
@@ -3724,7 +3741,7 @@ fib_test_v4 (void)
                                   &pfx_2001_s_64,
                                   FIB_SOURCE_API,
                                   FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_NONE,
-                                  FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
+                                  DPO_PROTO_IP4,
                                   &nh_10_10_10_1,
                                   tm->hw[0]->sw_if_index,
                                   fib_index,
@@ -3778,17 +3795,17 @@ fib_test_v4 (void)
        },
     };
 
-    fib_table_entry_update_one_path(fib_index,
-                                   &pfx_12_10_10_2_s_32,
-                                   FIB_SOURCE_ADJ,
-                                   FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_ATTACHED,
-                                   FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
-                                   &pfx_12_10_10_2_s_32.fp_addr,
-                                   tm->hw[0]->sw_if_index,
-                                   ~0, // invalid fib index
-                                   1,
-                                   NULL,
-                                   FIB_ROUTE_PATH_FLAG_NONE);
+    fib_table_entry_path_add(fib_index,
+                             &pfx_12_10_10_2_s_32,
+                             FIB_SOURCE_ADJ,
+                             FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_ATTACHED,
+                             DPO_PROTO_IP4,
+                             &pfx_12_10_10_2_s_32.fp_addr,
+                             tm->hw[0]->sw_if_index,
+                             ~0, // invalid fib index
+                             1,
+                             NULL,
+                             FIB_ROUTE_PATH_FLAG_NONE);
 
     fei = fib_table_lookup_exact_match(fib_index, &pfx_12_10_10_2_s_32);
     dpo = fib_entry_contribute_ip_forwarding(fei);
@@ -3812,17 +3829,17 @@ fib_test_v4 (void)
        },
     };
 
-    fib_table_entry_update_one_path(fib_index,
-                                   &pfx_10_10_10_127_s_32,
-                                   FIB_SOURCE_ADJ,
-                                   FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_ATTACHED,
-                                   FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
-                                   &pfx_10_10_10_127_s_32.fp_addr,
-                                   tm->hw[1]->sw_if_index,
-                                   ~0, // invalid fib index
-                                   1,
-                                   NULL,
-                                   FIB_ROUTE_PATH_FLAG_NONE);
+    fib_table_entry_path_add(fib_index,
+                             &pfx_10_10_10_127_s_32,
+                             FIB_SOURCE_ADJ,
+                             FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_ATTACHED,
+                             DPO_PROTO_IP4,
+                             &pfx_10_10_10_127_s_32.fp_addr,
+                             tm->hw[1]->sw_if_index,
+                             ~0, // invalid fib index
+                             1,
+                             NULL,
+                             FIB_ROUTE_PATH_FLAG_NONE);
 
     fei = fib_table_lookup_exact_match(fib_index, &pfx_10_10_10_127_s_32);
     dpo = fib_entry_contribute_ip_forwarding(fei);
@@ -3833,6 +3850,196 @@ fib_test_v4 (void)
                           &pfx_10_10_10_127_s_32,
                           FIB_SOURCE_ADJ);
 
+    /*
+     * add a second path to an adj-fib
+     * this is a sumiluation of another ARP entry created
+     * on an interface on which the connected prefi does not exist.
+     * The second path fails refinement. Expect to forward through the
+     * first.
+     */
+    fib_prefix_t pfx_10_10_10_3_s_32 = {
+        .fp_len = 32,
+        .fp_proto = FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
+        .fp_addr = {
+            /* 10.10.10.3 */
+            .ip4.as_u32 = clib_host_to_net_u32(0x0a0a0a03),
+        },
+    };
+
+    ai_03 = adj_nbr_add_or_lock(FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
+                                VNET_LINK_IP4,
+                                &nh_10_10_10_3,
+                                tm->hw[0]->sw_if_index);
+
+    fib_test_lb_bucket_t ip_o_10_10_10_3 = {
+        .type = FT_LB_ADJ,
+        .adj = {
+            .adj = ai_03,
+        },
+    };
+    fei = fib_table_entry_path_add(fib_index,
+                                   &pfx_10_10_10_3_s_32,
+                                   FIB_SOURCE_ADJ,
+                                   FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_NONE,
+                                   DPO_PROTO_IP4,
+                                   &nh_10_10_10_3,
+                                   tm->hw[0]->sw_if_index,
+                                   fib_index,
+                                   1,
+                                   NULL,
+                                   FIB_ROUTE_PATH_FLAG_NONE);
+    fei = fib_table_entry_path_add(fib_index,
+                                   &pfx_10_10_10_3_s_32,
+                                   FIB_SOURCE_ADJ,
+                                   FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_NONE,
+                                   DPO_PROTO_IP4,
+                                   &nh_12_12_12_12,
+                                   tm->hw[1]->sw_if_index,
+                                   fib_index,
+                                   1,
+                                   NULL,
+                                   FIB_ROUTE_PATH_FLAG_NONE);
+    FIB_TEST(fib_test_validate_entry(fei,
+                                     FIB_FORW_CHAIN_TYPE_UNICAST_IP4,
+                                     1,
+                                     &ip_o_10_10_10_3),
+             "10.10.10.3 via 10.10.10.3/Eth0 only");
+
+    /*
+     * remove the path that refines the cover, should go unresolved
+     */
+    fib_table_entry_path_remove(fib_index,
+                                &pfx_10_10_10_3_s_32,
+                                FIB_SOURCE_ADJ,
+                                DPO_PROTO_IP4,
+                                &nh_10_10_10_3,
+                                tm->hw[0]->sw_if_index,
+                                fib_index,
+                                1,
+                                FIB_ROUTE_PATH_FLAG_NONE);
+    dpo = fib_entry_contribute_ip_forwarding(fei);
+    FIB_TEST(!dpo_id_is_valid(dpo),
+             "wrong interface adj-fib fails refinement");
+
+    /*
+     * add back the path that refines the cover
+     */
+    fei = fib_table_entry_path_add(fib_index,
+                                   &pfx_10_10_10_3_s_32,
+                                   FIB_SOURCE_ADJ,
+                                   FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_NONE,
+                                   DPO_PROTO_IP4,
+                                   &nh_10_10_10_3,
+                                   tm->hw[0]->sw_if_index,
+                                   fib_index,
+                                   1,
+                                   NULL,
+                                   FIB_ROUTE_PATH_FLAG_NONE);
+    FIB_TEST(fib_test_validate_entry(fei,
+                                     FIB_FORW_CHAIN_TYPE_UNICAST_IP4,
+                                     1,
+                                     &ip_o_10_10_10_3),
+             "10.10.10.3 via 10.10.10.3/Eth0 only");
+
+    /*
+     * remove the path that does not refine the cover
+     */
+    fib_table_entry_path_remove(fib_index,
+                                &pfx_10_10_10_3_s_32,
+                                FIB_SOURCE_ADJ,
+                                DPO_PROTO_IP4,
+                                &nh_12_12_12_12,
+                                tm->hw[1]->sw_if_index,
+                                fib_index,
+                                1,
+                                FIB_ROUTE_PATH_FLAG_NONE);
+    FIB_TEST(fib_test_validate_entry(fei,
+                                     FIB_FORW_CHAIN_TYPE_UNICAST_IP4,
+                                     1,
+                                     &ip_o_10_10_10_3),
+             "10.10.10.3 via 10.10.10.3/Eth0 only");
+
+    /*
+     * remove the path that does refine, it's the last path, so
+     * the entry should be gone
+     */
+    fib_table_entry_path_remove(fib_index,
+                                &pfx_10_10_10_3_s_32,
+                                FIB_SOURCE_ADJ,
+                                DPO_PROTO_IP4,
+                                &nh_10_10_10_3,
+                                tm->hw[0]->sw_if_index,
+                                fib_index,
+                                1,
+                                FIB_ROUTE_PATH_FLAG_NONE);
+    fei = fib_table_lookup_exact_match(fib_index, &pfx_10_10_10_3_s_32);
+    FIB_TEST((fei == FIB_NODE_INDEX_INVALID), "10.10.10.3 gone");
+
+    adj_unlock(ai_03);
+
+    /*
+     * change the table's flow-hash config - expect the update to propagete to
+     * the entries' load-balance objects
+     */
+    flow_hash_config_t old_hash_config, new_hash_config;
+
+    old_hash_config = fib_table_get_flow_hash_config(fib_index,
+                                                     FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4);
+    new_hash_config = (IP_FLOW_HASH_SRC_ADDR |
+                       IP_FLOW_HASH_DST_ADDR);
+
+    fei = fib_table_lookup_exact_match(fib_index, &pfx_10_10_10_1_s_32);
+    dpo = fib_entry_contribute_ip_forwarding(fei);
+    lb = load_balance_get(dpo->dpoi_index);
+    FIB_TEST((lb->lb_hash_config == old_hash_config),
+             "Table and LB hash config match: %U",
+             format_ip_flow_hash_config, lb->lb_hash_config);
+
+    fib_table_set_flow_hash_config(fib_index, FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4, new_hash_config);
+
+    FIB_TEST((lb->lb_hash_config == new_hash_config),
+             "Table and LB newhash config match: %U",
+             format_ip_flow_hash_config, lb->lb_hash_config);
+
+    /*
+     * A route via an L2 Bridge
+     */
+    fei = fib_table_entry_path_add(fib_index,
+                                   &pfx_10_10_10_3_s_32,
+                                   FIB_SOURCE_API,
+                                   FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_NONE,
+                                   DPO_PROTO_ETHERNET,
+                                   &zero_addr,
+                                   tm->hw[0]->sw_if_index,
+                                   ~0,
+                                   1,
+                                   NULL,
+                                   FIB_ROUTE_PATH_FLAG_NONE);
+    dpo_id_t l2_dpo = DPO_INVALID;
+    l2_bridge_dpo_add_or_lock(tm->hw[0]->sw_if_index, &l2_dpo);
+    fib_test_lb_bucket_t ip_o_l2 = {
+        .type = FT_LB_L2,
+        .adj = {
+            .adj = l2_dpo.dpoi_index,
+        },
+    };
+
+    FIB_TEST(fib_test_validate_entry(fei,
+                                     FIB_FORW_CHAIN_TYPE_UNICAST_IP4,
+                                     1,
+                                     &ip_o_l2),
+             "10.10.10.3 via L2 on Eth0");
+    fib_table_entry_path_remove(fib_index,
+                                &pfx_10_10_10_3_s_32,
+                                FIB_SOURCE_API,
+                                DPO_PROTO_ETHERNET,
+                                &zero_addr,
+                                tm->hw[0]->sw_if_index,
+                                fib_index,
+                                1,
+                                FIB_ROUTE_PATH_FLAG_NONE);
+    dpo_reset(&l2_dpo);
+
     /*
      * CLEANUP
      *    remove adj-fibs: 
@@ -3918,7 +4125,7 @@ fib_test_v4 (void)
                                              FIB_SOURCE_INTERFACE)),
              "NO INterface Source'd prefixes");
 
-    fib_table_unlock(fib_index, FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4);
+    fib_table_unlock(fib_index, FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4, FIB_SOURCE_API);
 
     FIB_TEST((0  == fib_path_list_db_size()), "path list DB population:%d",
             fib_path_list_db_size());
@@ -3932,6 +4139,8 @@ fib_test_v4 (void)
             pool_elts(load_balance_map_pool));
     FIB_TEST((lb_count == pool_elts(load_balance_pool)), "LB pool size is %d",
              pool_elts(load_balance_pool));
+    FIB_TEST((0 == pool_elts(l2_bridge_dpo_pool)), "L2 DPO pool size is %d",
+             pool_elts(l2_bridge_dpo_pool));
 
     return 0;
 }
@@ -3969,7 +4178,8 @@ fib_test_v6 (void)
     dpo_drop = drop_dpo_get(DPO_PROTO_IP6);
 
     /* Find or create FIB table 11 */
-    fib_index = fib_table_find_or_create_and_lock(FIB_PROTOCOL_IP6, 11);
+    fib_index = fib_table_find_or_create_and_lock(FIB_PROTOCOL_IP6, 11,
+                                                  FIB_SOURCE_API);
 
     for (ii = 0; ii < 4; ii++)
     {
@@ -4037,7 +4247,7 @@ fib_test_v6 (void)
                                    FIB_SOURCE_INTERFACE,
                                    (FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_CONNECTED |
                                     FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_ATTACHED),
-                                   FIB_PROTOCOL_IP6,
+                                   DPO_PROTO_IP6,
                                    NULL,
                                    tm->hw[0]->sw_if_index,
                                    ~0,
@@ -4068,7 +4278,7 @@ fib_test_v6 (void)
                                    FIB_SOURCE_INTERFACE,
                                    (FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_CONNECTED |
                                     FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_LOCAL),
-                                   FIB_PROTOCOL_IP6,
+                                   DPO_PROTO_IP6,
                                    NULL,
                                    tm->hw[0]->sw_if_index,
                                    ~0, // invalid fib index
@@ -4113,7 +4323,7 @@ fib_test_v6 (void)
     fib_table_entry_path_add(fib_index, &pfx_0_0,
                             FIB_SOURCE_API,
                             FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_NONE,
-                            FIB_PROTOCOL_IP6,
+                            DPO_PROTO_IP6,
                             &nh_2001_2,
                             tm->hw[0]->sw_if_index,
                             ~0,
@@ -4157,7 +4367,7 @@ fib_test_v6 (void)
      */
     fib_table_entry_path_remove(fib_index, &pfx_0_0,
                                FIB_SOURCE_API, 
-                               FIB_PROTOCOL_IP6,
+                               DPO_PROTO_IP6,
                                &nh_2001_2,
                                tm->hw[0]->sw_if_index,
                                ~0,
@@ -4230,17 +4440,17 @@ fib_test_v6 (void)
                                    &adj->sub_type.nbr.next_hop)),
              "adj nbr next-hop ok");
 
-    fib_table_entry_update_one_path(fib_index,
-                                   &pfx_2001_1_2_s_128,
-                                   FIB_SOURCE_ADJ,
-                                   FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_ATTACHED,
-                                   FIB_PROTOCOL_IP6,
-                                   &pfx_2001_1_2_s_128.fp_addr,
-                                   tm->hw[0]->sw_if_index,
-                                   ~0,
-                                   1,
-                                   NULL,
-                                   FIB_ROUTE_PATH_FLAG_NONE);
+    fib_table_entry_path_add(fib_index,
+                             &pfx_2001_1_2_s_128,
+                             FIB_SOURCE_ADJ,
+                             FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_ATTACHED,
+                             DPO_PROTO_IP6,
+                             &pfx_2001_1_2_s_128.fp_addr,
+                             tm->hw[0]->sw_if_index,
+                             ~0,
+                             1,
+                             NULL,
+                             FIB_ROUTE_PATH_FLAG_NONE);
 
     fei = fib_table_lookup(fib_index, &pfx_2001_1_2_s_128);
     ai = fib_entry_get_adj(fei);
@@ -4269,17 +4479,17 @@ fib_test_v6 (void)
              "adj nbr next-hop ok");
     FIB_TEST((ai_01 != ai_02), "ADJs are different");
 
-    fib_table_entry_update_one_path(fib_index,
-                                   &pfx_2001_1_3_s_128,
-                                   FIB_SOURCE_ADJ,
-                                   FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_ATTACHED,
-                                   FIB_PROTOCOL_IP6,
-                                   &pfx_2001_1_3_s_128.fp_addr,
-                                   tm->hw[0]->sw_if_index,
-                                   ~0,
-                                   1,
-                                   NULL,
-                                   FIB_ROUTE_PATH_FLAG_NONE);
+    fib_table_entry_path_add(fib_index,
+                             &pfx_2001_1_3_s_128,
+                             FIB_SOURCE_ADJ,
+                             FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_ATTACHED,
+                             DPO_PROTO_IP6,
+                             &pfx_2001_1_3_s_128.fp_addr,
+                             tm->hw[0]->sw_if_index,
+                             ~0,
+                             1,
+                             NULL,
+                             FIB_ROUTE_PATH_FLAG_NONE);
 
     fei = fib_table_lookup(fib_index, &pfx_2001_1_3_s_128);
     ai = fib_entry_get_adj(fei);
@@ -4327,7 +4537,7 @@ fib_test_v6 (void)
                             &pfx_2001_a_s_64,
                             FIB_SOURCE_API,
                             FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_NONE,
-                            FIB_PROTOCOL_IP6,
+                            DPO_PROTO_IP6,
                             &nh_2001_2,
                             tm->hw[0]->sw_if_index,
                             ~0,
@@ -4341,7 +4551,7 @@ fib_test_v6 (void)
                             &pfx_2001_b_s_64,
                             FIB_SOURCE_API,
                             FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_NONE,
-                            FIB_PROTOCOL_IP6,
+                            DPO_PROTO_IP6,
                             &nh_2001_2,
                             tm->hw[0]->sw_if_index,
                             ~0,
@@ -4376,7 +4586,7 @@ fib_test_v6 (void)
                                   &pfx_1_1_1_1_s_32,
                                   FIB_SOURCE_API,
                                   FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_NONE,
-                                  FIB_PROTOCOL_IP6,
+                                  DPO_PROTO_IP6,
                                   &nh_2001_2,
                                   tm->hw[0]->sw_if_index,
                                   ~0,
@@ -4414,7 +4624,7 @@ fib_test_v6 (void)
                             &pfx_2001_c_s_64,
                             FIB_SOURCE_CLI,
                             FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_ATTACHED,
-                            FIB_PROTOCOL_IP6,
+                            DPO_PROTO_IP6,
                             NULL,
                             tm->hw[0]->sw_if_index,
                             ~0,
@@ -4431,7 +4641,7 @@ fib_test_v6 (void)
     fib_table_entry_path_remove(fib_index,
                                &pfx_2001_c_s_64,
                                FIB_SOURCE_CLI,
-                               FIB_PROTOCOL_IP6,
+                               DPO_PROTO_IP6,
                                NULL,
                                tm->hw[0]->sw_if_index,
                                ~0,
@@ -4516,7 +4726,7 @@ fib_test_v6 (void)
                                    FIB_SOURCE_INTERFACE,
                                    (FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_CONNECTED |
                                     FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_ATTACHED),
-                                   FIB_PROTOCOL_IP6,
+                                   DPO_PROTO_IP6,
                                    NULL,
                                    tm->hw[1]->sw_if_index,
                                    ~0,
@@ -4535,7 +4745,7 @@ fib_test_v6 (void)
                                    FIB_SOURCE_INTERFACE,
                                    (FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_CONNECTED |
                                     FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_LOCAL),
-                                   FIB_PROTOCOL_IP6,
+                                   DPO_PROTO_IP6,
                                    NULL,
                                    tm->hw[0]->sw_if_index,
                                    ~0, // invalid fib index
@@ -4793,7 +5003,7 @@ fib_test_v6 (void)
     /*
      * now remove the VRF
      */
-    fib_table_unlock(fib_index, FIB_PROTOCOL_IP6);
+    fib_table_unlock(fib_index, FIB_PROTOCOL_IP6, FIB_SOURCE_API);
 
     FIB_TEST((0 == fib_path_list_db_size()),   "path list DB population:%d",
             fib_path_list_db_size());
@@ -4863,7 +5073,7 @@ fib_test_ae (void)
                                    FIB_SOURCE_INTERFACE,
                                    (FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_CONNECTED |
                                     FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_ATTACHED),
-                                   FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
+                                   DPO_PROTO_IP4,
                                    NULL,
                                    tm->hw[0]->sw_if_index,
                                    ~0,
@@ -4879,7 +5089,7 @@ fib_test_ae (void)
                                    FIB_SOURCE_INTERFACE,
                                    (FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_CONNECTED |
                                     FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_LOCAL),
-                                   FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
+                                   DPO_PROTO_IP4,
                                    NULL,
                                    tm->hw[0]->sw_if_index,
                                    ~0, // invalid fib index
@@ -4904,17 +5114,17 @@ fib_test_ae (void)
     };
     fib_node_index_t ai;
 
-    fib_table_entry_update_one_path(fib_index,
-                                   &pfx_10_10_10_1_s_32,
-                                   FIB_SOURCE_ADJ,
-                                   FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_ATTACHED,
-                                   FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
-                                   &pfx_10_10_10_1_s_32.fp_addr,
-                                   tm->hw[0]->sw_if_index,
-                                   ~0, // invalid fib index
-                                   1,
-                                   NULL,
-                                   FIB_ROUTE_PATH_FLAG_NONE);
+    fib_table_entry_path_add(fib_index,
+                             &pfx_10_10_10_1_s_32,
+                             FIB_SOURCE_ADJ,
+                             FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_ATTACHED,
+                             DPO_PROTO_IP4,
+                             &pfx_10_10_10_1_s_32.fp_addr,
+                             tm->hw[0]->sw_if_index,
+                             ~0, // invalid fib index
+                             1,
+                             NULL,
+                             FIB_ROUTE_PATH_FLAG_NONE);
 
     fei = fib_table_lookup(fib_index, &pfx_10_10_10_1_s_32);
     FIB_TEST((FIB_NODE_INDEX_INVALID != fei), "ADJ-fib1 created");
@@ -4925,7 +5135,9 @@ fib_test_ae (void)
      */
     u32 import_fib_index1;
 
-    import_fib_index1 = fib_table_find_or_create_and_lock(FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4, 11);
+    import_fib_index1 = fib_table_find_or_create_and_lock(FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
+                                                          11,
+                                                          FIB_SOURCE_CLI);
 
     /*
      * Add an attached route in the import FIB
@@ -4935,7 +5147,7 @@ fib_test_ae (void)
                                    &local_pfx,
                                    FIB_SOURCE_API,
                                    FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_NONE,
-                                   FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
+                                   DPO_PROTO_IP4,
                                    NULL,
                                    tm->hw[0]->sw_if_index,
                                    ~0, // invalid fib index
@@ -4973,17 +5185,17 @@ fib_test_ae (void)
        },
     };
 
-    fib_table_entry_update_one_path(fib_index,
-                                   &pfx_10_10_10_2_s_32,
-                                   FIB_SOURCE_ADJ,
-                                   FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_ATTACHED,
-                                   FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
-                                   &pfx_10_10_10_2_s_32.fp_addr,
-                                   tm->hw[0]->sw_if_index,
-                                   ~0, // invalid fib index
-                                   1,
-                                   NULL,
-                                   FIB_ROUTE_PATH_FLAG_NONE);
+    fib_table_entry_path_add(fib_index,
+                             &pfx_10_10_10_2_s_32,
+                             FIB_SOURCE_ADJ,
+                             FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_ATTACHED,
+                             DPO_PROTO_IP4,
+                             &pfx_10_10_10_2_s_32.fp_addr,
+                             tm->hw[0]->sw_if_index,
+                             ~0, // invalid fib index
+                             1,
+                             NULL,
+                             FIB_ROUTE_PATH_FLAG_NONE);
     fei = fib_table_lookup_exact_match(fib_index, &pfx_10_10_10_2_s_32);
     FIB_TEST((FIB_NODE_INDEX_INVALID != fei), "ADJ-fib2 present");
     ai = fib_entry_get_adj(fei);
@@ -5001,7 +5213,8 @@ fib_test_ae (void)
      */
     u32 import_fib_index2;
 
-    import_fib_index2 = fib_table_find_or_create_and_lock(FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4, 12);
+    import_fib_index2 = fib_table_find_or_create_and_lock(FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4, 12,
+                                                          FIB_SOURCE_CLI);
 
     /*
      * Add an attached route in the import FIB
@@ -5011,7 +5224,7 @@ fib_test_ae (void)
                                    &local_pfx,
                                    FIB_SOURCE_API,
                                    FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_NONE,
-                                   FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
+                                   DPO_PROTO_IP4,
                                    NULL,
                                    tm->hw[0]->sw_if_index,
                                    ~0, // invalid fib index
@@ -5044,17 +5257,17 @@ fib_test_ae (void)
        },
     };
 
-    fib_table_entry_update_one_path(fib_index,
-                                   &pfx_10_10_10_3_s_32,
-                                   FIB_SOURCE_ADJ,
-                                   FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_ATTACHED,
-                                   FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
-                                   &pfx_10_10_10_3_s_32.fp_addr,
-                                   tm->hw[0]->sw_if_index,
-                                   ~0, // invalid fib index
-                                   1,
-                                   NULL,
-                                   FIB_ROUTE_PATH_FLAG_NONE);
+    fib_table_entry_path_add(fib_index,
+                             &pfx_10_10_10_3_s_32,
+                             FIB_SOURCE_ADJ,
+                             FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_ATTACHED,
+                             DPO_PROTO_IP4,
+                             &pfx_10_10_10_3_s_32.fp_addr,
+                             tm->hw[0]->sw_if_index,
+                             ~0, // invalid fib index
+                             1,
+                             NULL,
+                             FIB_ROUTE_PATH_FLAG_NONE);
     fei = fib_table_lookup_exact_match(fib_index, &pfx_10_10_10_3_s_32);
     FIB_TEST((FIB_NODE_INDEX_INVALID != fei), "ADJ-fib3 present");
     ai = fib_entry_get_adj(fei);
@@ -5120,7 +5333,7 @@ fib_test_ae (void)
                                    &local_pfx,
                                    FIB_SOURCE_API,
                                    FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_NONE,
-                                   FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
+                                   DPO_PROTO_IP4,
                                    &pfx_10_10_10_2_s_32.fp_addr,
                                    tm->hw[0]->sw_if_index,
                                    ~0, // invalid fib index
@@ -5143,7 +5356,7 @@ fib_test_ae (void)
                                    &local_pfx,
                                    FIB_SOURCE_API,
                                    FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_NONE,
-                                   FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
+                                   DPO_PROTO_IP4,
                                    NULL,
                                    tm->hw[0]->sw_if_index,
                                    ~0, // invalid fib index
@@ -5175,7 +5388,7 @@ fib_test_ae (void)
                                           &pfx_10_0_0_0_s_8,
                                           FIB_SOURCE_API,
                                           FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_NONE,
-                                         FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
+                                         DPO_PROTO_IP4,
                                           &pfx_10_10_10_3_s_32.fp_addr,
                                           tm->hw[0]->sw_if_index,
                                           ~0, // invalid fib index
@@ -5231,7 +5444,7 @@ fib_test_ae (void)
                                           &local_pfx,
                                           FIB_SOURCE_API,
                                           FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_NONE,
-                                         FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
+                                         DPO_PROTO_IP4,
                                           &pfx_10_10_10_1_s_32.fp_addr,
                                           tm->hw[0]->sw_if_index,
                                           ~0, // invalid fib index
@@ -5267,7 +5480,7 @@ fib_test_ae (void)
                                    &local_pfx,
                                    FIB_SOURCE_API,
                                    FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_NONE,
-                                   FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
+                                   DPO_PROTO_IP4,
                                    NULL,
                                    tm->hw[0]->sw_if_index,
                                    ~0, // invalid fib index
@@ -5306,7 +5519,7 @@ fib_test_ae (void)
                                    FIB_SOURCE_INTERFACE,
                                    (FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_CONNECTED |
                                     FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_ATTACHED),
-                                   FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
+                                   DPO_PROTO_IP4,
                                    NULL,
                                    tm->hw[0]->sw_if_index,
                                    ~0,
@@ -5363,8 +5576,8 @@ fib_test_ae (void)
                           &local_pfx,
                           FIB_SOURCE_API);
 
-    fib_table_unlock(import_fib_index1, FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4);
-    fib_table_unlock(import_fib_index2, FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4);
+    fib_table_unlock(import_fib_index1, FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4, FIB_SOURCE_CLI);
+    fib_table_unlock(import_fib_index2, FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4, FIB_SOURCE_CLI);
 
     FIB_TEST((0 == adj_nbr_db_size()), "ADJ DB size is %d",
             adj_nbr_db_size());
@@ -5372,6 +5585,459 @@ fib_test_ae (void)
     return (0);
 }
 
+/*
+ * Test Path Preference
+ */
+static int
+fib_test_pref (void)
+{
+    test_main_t *tm = &test_main;
+
+    const fib_prefix_t pfx_1_1_1_1_s_32 = {
+        .fp_len = 32,
+        .fp_proto = FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
+        .fp_addr = {
+            .ip4 = {
+                .as_u32 = clib_host_to_net_u32(0x01010101),
+            },
+        },
+    };
+
+    /*
+     * 2 high, 2 medium and 2 low preference non-recursive paths
+     */
+    fib_route_path_t nr_path_hi_1 = {
+        .frp_proto = DPO_PROTO_IP4,
+        .frp_sw_if_index = tm->hw[0]->sw_if_index,
+        .frp_fib_index = ~0,
+        .frp_weight = 1,
+        .frp_preference = 0,
+        .frp_flags = FIB_ROUTE_PATH_FLAG_NONE,
+        .frp_addr = {
+            .ip4.as_u32 = clib_host_to_net_u32(0x0a0a0a01),
+        },
+    };
+    fib_route_path_t nr_path_hi_2 = {
+        .frp_proto = DPO_PROTO_IP4,
+        .frp_sw_if_index = tm->hw[0]->sw_if_index,
+        .frp_fib_index = ~0,
+        .frp_weight = 1,
+        .frp_preference = 0,
+        .frp_flags = FIB_ROUTE_PATH_FLAG_NONE,
+        .frp_addr = {
+            .ip4.as_u32 = clib_host_to_net_u32(0x0a0a0a02),
+        },
+    };
+    fib_route_path_t nr_path_med_1 = {
+        .frp_proto = DPO_PROTO_IP4,
+        .frp_sw_if_index = tm->hw[1]->sw_if_index,
+        .frp_fib_index = ~0,
+        .frp_weight = 1,
+        .frp_preference = 1,
+        .frp_flags = FIB_ROUTE_PATH_FLAG_NONE,
+        .frp_addr = {
+            .ip4.as_u32 = clib_host_to_net_u32(0x0a0a0c01),
+        },
+    };
+    fib_route_path_t nr_path_med_2 = {
+        .frp_proto = DPO_PROTO_IP4,
+        .frp_sw_if_index = tm->hw[1]->sw_if_index,
+        .frp_fib_index = ~0,
+        .frp_weight = 1,
+        .frp_preference = 1,
+        .frp_flags = FIB_ROUTE_PATH_FLAG_NONE,
+        .frp_addr = {
+            .ip4.as_u32 = clib_host_to_net_u32(0x0a0a0c01),
+        },
+    };
+    fib_route_path_t nr_path_low_1 = {
+        .frp_proto = DPO_PROTO_IP4,
+        .frp_sw_if_index = tm->hw[2]->sw_if_index,
+        .frp_fib_index = ~0,
+        .frp_weight = 1,
+        .frp_preference = 2,
+        .frp_flags = FIB_ROUTE_PATH_FLAG_NONE,
+        .frp_addr = {
+            .ip4.as_u32 = clib_host_to_net_u32(0x0a0a0b01),
+        },
+    };
+    fib_route_path_t nr_path_low_2 = {
+        .frp_proto = DPO_PROTO_IP4,
+        .frp_sw_if_index = tm->hw[2]->sw_if_index,
+        .frp_fib_index = ~0,
+        .frp_weight = 1,
+        .frp_preference = 2,
+        .frp_flags = FIB_ROUTE_PATH_FLAG_NONE,
+        .frp_addr = {
+            .ip4.as_u32 = clib_host_to_net_u32(0x0a0a0b02),
+        },
+    };
+    fib_route_path_t *nr_paths = NULL;
+
+    vec_add1(nr_paths, nr_path_hi_1);
+    vec_add1(nr_paths, nr_path_hi_2);
+    vec_add1(nr_paths, nr_path_med_1);
+    vec_add1(nr_paths, nr_path_med_2);
+    vec_add1(nr_paths, nr_path_low_1);
+    vec_add1(nr_paths, nr_path_low_2);
+
+    adj_index_t ai_hi_1 = adj_nbr_add_or_lock(FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
+                                              VNET_LINK_IP4,
+                                              &nr_path_hi_1.frp_addr,
+                                              nr_path_hi_1.frp_sw_if_index);
+    adj_index_t ai_hi_2 = adj_nbr_add_or_lock(FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
+                                              VNET_LINK_IP4,
+                                              &nr_path_hi_2.frp_addr,
+                                              nr_path_hi_2.frp_sw_if_index);
+    adj_index_t ai_med_1 = adj_nbr_add_or_lock(FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
+                                               VNET_LINK_IP4,
+                                               &nr_path_med_1.frp_addr,
+                                               nr_path_med_1.frp_sw_if_index);
+    adj_index_t ai_med_2 = adj_nbr_add_or_lock(FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
+                                               VNET_LINK_IP4,
+                                               &nr_path_med_2.frp_addr,
+                                               nr_path_med_2.frp_sw_if_index);
+    adj_index_t ai_low_1 = adj_nbr_add_or_lock(FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
+                                               VNET_LINK_IP4,
+                                               &nr_path_low_1.frp_addr,
+                                               nr_path_low_1.frp_sw_if_index);
+    adj_index_t ai_low_2 = adj_nbr_add_or_lock(FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
+                                               VNET_LINK_IP4,
+                                               &nr_path_low_2.frp_addr,
+                                               nr_path_low_2.frp_sw_if_index);
+
+    fib_test_lb_bucket_t ip_hi_1 = {
+        .type = FT_LB_ADJ,
+        .adj = {
+            .adj = ai_hi_1,
+        },
+    };
+    fib_test_lb_bucket_t ip_hi_2 = {
+        .type = FT_LB_ADJ,
+        .adj = {
+            .adj = ai_hi_2,
+        },
+    };
+    fib_test_lb_bucket_t ip_med_1 = {
+        .type = FT_LB_ADJ,
+        .adj = {
+            .adj = ai_med_1,
+        },
+    };
+    fib_test_lb_bucket_t ip_med_2 = {
+        .type = FT_LB_ADJ,
+        .adj = {
+            .adj = ai_med_2,
+        },
+    };
+    fib_test_lb_bucket_t ip_low_1 = {
+        .type = FT_LB_ADJ,
+        .adj = {
+            .adj = ai_low_1,
+        },
+    };
+    fib_test_lb_bucket_t ip_low_2 = {
+        .type = FT_LB_ADJ,
+        .adj = {
+            .adj = ai_low_2,
+        },
+    };
+
+    fib_node_index_t fei;
+
+    fei = fib_table_entry_path_add2(0,
+                                    &pfx_1_1_1_1_s_32,
+                                    FIB_SOURCE_API,
+                                    FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_NONE,
+                                    nr_paths);
+
+    FIB_TEST(fib_test_validate_entry(fei,
+                                     FIB_FORW_CHAIN_TYPE_UNICAST_IP4,
+                                     2,
+                                     &ip_hi_1,
+                                     &ip_hi_2),
+             "1.1.1.1/32 via high preference paths");
+
+    /*
+     * bring down the interface on which the high preference path lie
+     */
+    vnet_sw_interface_set_flags(vnet_get_main(),
+                                tm->hw[0]->sw_if_index,
+                                0);
+
+    FIB_TEST(fib_test_validate_entry(fei,
+                                     FIB_FORW_CHAIN_TYPE_UNICAST_IP4,
+                                     2,
+                                     &ip_med_1,
+                                     &ip_med_2),
+             "1.1.1.1/32 via medium preference paths");
+
+    /*
+     * bring down the interface on which the medium preference path lie
+     */
+    vnet_sw_interface_set_flags(vnet_get_main(),
+                                tm->hw[1]->sw_if_index,
+                                0);
+
+    FIB_TEST(fib_test_validate_entry(fei,
+                                     FIB_FORW_CHAIN_TYPE_UNICAST_IP4,
+                                     2,
+                                     &ip_low_1,
+                                     &ip_low_2),
+             "1.1.1.1/32 via low preference paths");
+
+    /*
+     * bring up the interface on which the high preference path lie
+     */
+    vnet_sw_interface_set_flags(vnet_get_main(),
+                                tm->hw[0]->sw_if_index,
+                                VNET_SW_INTERFACE_FLAG_ADMIN_UP);
+
+    FIB_TEST(fib_test_validate_entry(fei,
+                                     FIB_FORW_CHAIN_TYPE_UNICAST_IP4,
+                                     2,
+                                     &ip_hi_1,
+                                     &ip_hi_2),
+             "1.1.1.1/32 via high preference paths");
+
+    /*
+     * bring up the interface on which the medium preference path lie
+     */
+    vnet_sw_interface_set_flags(vnet_get_main(),
+                                tm->hw[1]->sw_if_index,
+                                VNET_SW_INTERFACE_FLAG_ADMIN_UP);
+
+    FIB_TEST(fib_test_validate_entry(fei,
+                                     FIB_FORW_CHAIN_TYPE_UNICAST_IP4,
+                                     2,
+                                     &ip_hi_1,
+                                     &ip_hi_2),
+             "1.1.1.1/32 via high preference paths");
+
+    dpo_id_t ip_1_1_1_1 = DPO_INVALID;
+    fib_entry_contribute_forwarding(fei,
+                                    FIB_FORW_CHAIN_TYPE_UNICAST_IP4,
+                                    &ip_1_1_1_1);
+
+    /*
+     * 3 recursive paths of different preference
+     */
+    const fib_prefix_t pfx_1_1_1_2_s_32 = {
+        .fp_len = 32,
+        .fp_proto = FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
+        .fp_addr = {
+            .ip4 = {
+                .as_u32 = clib_host_to_net_u32(0x01010102),
+            },
+        },
+    };
+    const fib_prefix_t pfx_1_1_1_3_s_32 = {
+        .fp_len = 32,
+        .fp_proto = FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
+        .fp_addr = {
+            .ip4 = {
+                .as_u32 = clib_host_to_net_u32(0x01010103),
+            },
+        },
+    };
+    fei = fib_table_entry_path_add2(0,
+                                    &pfx_1_1_1_2_s_32,
+                                    FIB_SOURCE_API,
+                                    FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_NONE,
+                                    nr_paths);
+    dpo_id_t ip_1_1_1_2 = DPO_INVALID;
+    fib_entry_contribute_forwarding(fei,
+                                    FIB_FORW_CHAIN_TYPE_UNICAST_IP4,
+                                    &ip_1_1_1_2);
+    fei = fib_table_entry_path_add2(0,
+                                    &pfx_1_1_1_3_s_32,
+                                    FIB_SOURCE_API,
+                                    FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_NONE,
+                                    nr_paths);
+    dpo_id_t ip_1_1_1_3 = DPO_INVALID;
+    fib_entry_contribute_forwarding(fei,
+                                    FIB_FORW_CHAIN_TYPE_UNICAST_IP4,
+                                    &ip_1_1_1_3);
+
+    fib_test_lb_bucket_t ip_o_1_1_1_1 = {
+        .type = FT_LB_O_LB,
+        .lb = {
+            .lb = ip_1_1_1_1.dpoi_index,
+        },
+    };
+    fib_test_lb_bucket_t ip_o_1_1_1_2 = {
+        .type = FT_LB_O_LB,
+        .lb = {
+            .lb = ip_1_1_1_2.dpoi_index,
+        },
+    };
+    fib_test_lb_bucket_t ip_o_1_1_1_3 = {
+        .type = FT_LB_O_LB,
+        .lb = {
+            .lb = ip_1_1_1_3.dpoi_index,
+        },
+    };
+    fib_route_path_t r_path_hi = {
+        .frp_proto = DPO_PROTO_IP4,
+        .frp_sw_if_index = ~0,
+        .frp_fib_index = 0,
+        .frp_weight = 1,
+        .frp_preference = 0,
+        .frp_flags = FIB_ROUTE_PATH_RESOLVE_VIA_HOST,
+        .frp_addr = pfx_1_1_1_1_s_32.fp_addr,
+    };
+    fib_route_path_t r_path_med = {
+        .frp_proto = DPO_PROTO_IP4,
+        .frp_sw_if_index = ~0,
+        .frp_fib_index = 0,
+        .frp_weight = 1,
+        .frp_preference = 10,
+        .frp_flags = FIB_ROUTE_PATH_FLAG_NONE,
+        .frp_addr = pfx_1_1_1_2_s_32.fp_addr,
+    };
+    fib_route_path_t r_path_low = {
+        .frp_proto = DPO_PROTO_IP4,
+        .frp_sw_if_index = ~0,
+        .frp_fib_index = 0,
+        .frp_weight = 1,
+        .frp_preference = 255,
+        .frp_flags = FIB_ROUTE_PATH_RESOLVE_VIA_HOST,
+        .frp_addr = pfx_1_1_1_3_s_32.fp_addr,
+    };
+    fib_route_path_t *r_paths = NULL;
+
+    vec_add1(r_paths, r_path_hi);
+    vec_add1(r_paths, r_path_low);
+    vec_add1(r_paths, r_path_med);
+
+    /*
+     * add many recursive so we get the LB MAp created
+     */
+    #define N_PFXS 64
+    fib_prefix_t pfx_r[N_PFXS];
+    unsigned int n_pfxs;
+    for (n_pfxs = 0; n_pfxs < N_PFXS; n_pfxs++)
+    {
+        pfx_r[n_pfxs].fp_len = 32;
+        pfx_r[n_pfxs].fp_proto = FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4;
+        pfx_r[n_pfxs].fp_addr.ip4.as_u32 =
+            clib_host_to_net_u32(0x02000000 + n_pfxs);
+
+        fei = fib_table_entry_path_add2(0,
+                                        &pfx_r[n_pfxs],
+                                        FIB_SOURCE_API,
+                                        FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_NONE,
+                                        r_paths);
+
+        FIB_TEST(fib_test_validate_entry(fei,
+                                         FIB_FORW_CHAIN_TYPE_UNICAST_IP4,
+                                         1,
+                                         &ip_o_1_1_1_1),
+                 "recursive via high preference paths");
+
+        /*
+         * withdraw hig pref resolving entry
+         */
+        fib_table_entry_delete(0,
+                               &pfx_1_1_1_1_s_32,
+                               FIB_SOURCE_API);
+
+        /* suspend so the update walk kicks int */
+        vlib_process_suspend(vlib_get_main(), 1e-5);
+
+        FIB_TEST(fib_test_validate_entry(fei,
+                                         FIB_FORW_CHAIN_TYPE_UNICAST_IP4,
+                                         1,
+                                         &ip_o_1_1_1_2),
+                 "recursive via medium preference paths");
+
+        /*
+         * withdraw medium pref resolving entry
+         */
+        fib_table_entry_delete(0,
+                               &pfx_1_1_1_2_s_32,
+                               FIB_SOURCE_API);
+
+        /* suspend so the update walk kicks int */
+        vlib_process_suspend(vlib_get_main(), 1e-5);
+
+        FIB_TEST(fib_test_validate_entry(fei,
+                                         FIB_FORW_CHAIN_TYPE_UNICAST_IP4,
+                                         1,
+                                         &ip_o_1_1_1_3),
+                 "recursive via low preference paths");
+
+        /*
+         * add back paths for next iteration
+         */
+        fei = fib_table_entry_update(0,
+                                     &pfx_1_1_1_2_s_32,
+                                     FIB_SOURCE_API,
+                                     FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_NONE,
+                                     nr_paths);
+        fei = fib_table_entry_update(0,
+                                     &pfx_1_1_1_1_s_32,
+                                     FIB_SOURCE_API,
+                                     FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_NONE,
+                                     nr_paths);
+
+        /* suspend so the update walk kicks int */
+        vlib_process_suspend(vlib_get_main(), 1e-5);
+
+        fei = fib_table_lookup_exact_match(0, &pfx_r[n_pfxs]);
+        FIB_TEST(fib_test_validate_entry(fei,
+                                         FIB_FORW_CHAIN_TYPE_UNICAST_IP4,
+                                         1,
+                                         &ip_o_1_1_1_1),
+                 "recursive via high preference paths");
+    }
+
+
+    fib_table_entry_delete(0,
+                           &pfx_1_1_1_1_s_32,
+                           FIB_SOURCE_API);
+
+    /* suspend so the update walk kicks int */
+    vlib_process_suspend(vlib_get_main(), 1e-5);
+
+    for (n_pfxs = 0; n_pfxs < N_PFXS; n_pfxs++)
+    {
+        fei = fib_table_lookup_exact_match(0, &pfx_r[n_pfxs]);
+
+        FIB_TEST(fib_test_validate_entry(fei,
+                                         FIB_FORW_CHAIN_TYPE_UNICAST_IP4,
+                                         1,
+                                         &ip_o_1_1_1_2),
+                 "recursive via medium preference paths");
+    }
+    for (n_pfxs = 0; n_pfxs < N_PFXS; n_pfxs++)
+    {
+        fib_table_entry_delete(0,
+                               &pfx_r[n_pfxs],
+                               FIB_SOURCE_API);
+    }
+
+    /*
+     * Cleanup
+     */
+    fib_table_entry_delete(0,
+                           &pfx_1_1_1_2_s_32,
+                           FIB_SOURCE_API);
+    fib_table_entry_delete(0,
+                           &pfx_1_1_1_3_s_32,
+                           FIB_SOURCE_API);
+
+    dpo_reset(&ip_1_1_1_1);
+    dpo_reset(&ip_1_1_1_2);
+    dpo_reset(&ip_1_1_1_3);
+    adj_unlock(ai_low_2);
+    adj_unlock(ai_low_1);
+    adj_unlock(ai_med_2);
+    adj_unlock(ai_med_1);
+    adj_unlock(ai_hi_2);
+    adj_unlock(ai_hi_1);
+    return (0);
+}
 
 /*
  * Test the recursive route route handling for GRE tunnels
@@ -5414,7 +6080,7 @@ fib_test_label (void)
                                    FIB_SOURCE_INTERFACE,
                                    (FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_CONNECTED |
                                     FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_ATTACHED),
-                                   FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
+                                   DPO_PROTO_IP4,
                                    NULL,
                                    tm->hw[0]->sw_if_index,
                                    ~0,
@@ -5430,7 +6096,7 @@ fib_test_label (void)
                                    FIB_SOURCE_INTERFACE,
                                    (FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_CONNECTED |
                                     FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_LOCAL),
-                                   FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
+                                   DPO_PROTO_IP4,
                                    NULL,
                                    tm->hw[0]->sw_if_index,
                                    ~0, // invalid fib index
@@ -5460,7 +6126,7 @@ fib_test_label (void)
                                    FIB_SOURCE_INTERFACE,
                                    (FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_CONNECTED |
                                     FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_ATTACHED),
-                                   FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
+                                   DPO_PROTO_IP4,
                                    NULL,
                                    tm->hw[1]->sw_if_index,
                                    ~0,
@@ -5476,7 +6142,7 @@ fib_test_label (void)
                                    FIB_SOURCE_INTERFACE,
                                    (FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_CONNECTED |
                                     FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_LOCAL),
-                                   FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
+                                   DPO_PROTO_IP4,
                                    NULL,
                                    tm->hw[1]->sw_if_index,
                                    ~0, // invalid fib index
@@ -5558,7 +6224,7 @@ fib_test_label (void)
                                    &pfx_1_1_1_1_s_32,
                                    FIB_SOURCE_API,
                                    FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_NONE,
-                                   FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
+                                   DPO_PROTO_IP4,
                                    &nh_10_10_10_1,
                                    tm->hw[0]->sw_if_index,
                                    ~0, // invalid fib index
@@ -5597,7 +6263,7 @@ fib_test_label (void)
                                   &pfx_1_1_1_1_s_32,
                                   FIB_SOURCE_API,
                                   FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_NONE,
-                                  FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
+                                  DPO_PROTO_IP4,
                                   &nh_10_10_11_1,
                                   tm->hw[1]->sw_if_index,
                                   ~0, // invalid fib index
@@ -5675,7 +6341,7 @@ fib_test_label (void)
                                   &pfx_1_1_1_1_s_32,
                                   FIB_SOURCE_API,
                                   FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_NONE,
-                                  FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
+                                  DPO_PROTO_IP4,
                                   &nh_10_10_11_2,
                                   tm->hw[1]->sw_if_index,
                                   ~0, // invalid fib index
@@ -5755,7 +6421,7 @@ fib_test_label (void)
                                    &pfx_2_2_2_2_s_32,
                                    FIB_SOURCE_API,
                                    FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_NONE,
-                                   FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
+                                   DPO_PROTO_IP4,
                                    &pfx_1_1_1_1_s_32.fp_addr,
                                    ~0,
                                    fib_index,
@@ -5927,7 +6593,7 @@ fib_test_label (void)
     fib_table_entry_path_remove(fib_index,
                                &pfx_1_1_1_1_s_32,
                                FIB_SOURCE_API,
-                               FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
+                               DPO_PROTO_IP4,
                                &nh_10_10_10_1,
                                tm->hw[0]->sw_if_index,
                                ~0, // invalid fib index
@@ -5984,7 +6650,7 @@ fib_test_label (void)
     fib_table_entry_path_remove(fib_index,
                                &pfx_1_1_1_1_s_32,
                                FIB_SOURCE_API,
-                               FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
+                               DPO_PROTO_IP4,
                                &nh_10_10_11_1,
                                tm->hw[1]->sw_if_index,
                                ~0, // invalid fib index
@@ -6026,7 +6692,7 @@ fib_test_label (void)
                             &pfx_1_1_1_1_s_32,
                             FIB_SOURCE_API,
                             FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_NONE,
-                            FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
+                            DPO_PROTO_IP4,
                             &nh_10_10_10_1,
                             tm->hw[0]->sw_if_index,
                             ~0, // invalid fib index
@@ -6157,7 +6823,7 @@ fib_test_label (void)
                                          &pfx_1_1_1_2_s_32,
                                          FIB_SOURCE_API,
                                          FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_NONE,
-                                         FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
+                                         DPO_PROTO_IP4,
                                          &nh_10_10_10_1,
                                          tm->hw[0]->sw_if_index,
                                          ~0, // invalid fib index
@@ -6199,7 +6865,7 @@ fib_test_label (void)
                                   &pfx_2_2_2_2_s_32,
                                   FIB_SOURCE_API,
                                   FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_NONE,
-                                  FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
+                                  DPO_PROTO_IP4,
                                   &pfx_1_1_1_2_s_32.fp_addr,
                                   ~0,
                                   fib_index,
@@ -6227,7 +6893,7 @@ fib_test_label (void)
                                          &pfx_1_1_1_2_s_32,
                                          FIB_SOURCE_API,
                                          FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_NONE,
-                                         FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
+                                         DPO_PROTO_IP4,
                                          &nh_10_10_11_1,
                                          tm->hw[1]->sw_if_index,
                                          ~0, // invalid fib index
@@ -6260,7 +6926,7 @@ fib_test_label (void)
                                          &pfx_1_1_1_2_s_32,
                                          FIB_SOURCE_API,
                                          FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_NONE,
-                                         FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
+                                         DPO_PROTO_IP4,
                                          &nh_10_10_11_1,
                                          tm->hw[1]->sw_if_index,
                                          ~0, // invalid fib index
@@ -6302,7 +6968,7 @@ fib_test_label (void)
                                    &pfx_2_2_2_3_s_32,
                                    FIB_SOURCE_API,
                                    FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_NONE,
-                                   FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
+                                   DPO_PROTO_IP4,
                                    &pfx_1_1_1_1_s_32.fp_addr,
                                    ~0,
                                    fib_index,
@@ -6346,7 +7012,7 @@ fib_test_label (void)
                                    &pfx_2_2_2_4_s_32,
                                    FIB_SOURCE_API,
                                    FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_NONE,
-                                   FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
+                                   DPO_PROTO_IP4,
                                    &pfx_1_1_1_1_s_32.fp_addr,
                                    ~0,
                                    fib_index,
@@ -6396,7 +7062,7 @@ fib_test_label (void)
                                          &pfx_2_2_5_5_s_32,
                                          FIB_SOURCE_API,
                                          FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_NONE,
-                                         FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
+                                         DPO_PROTO_IP4,
                                          &nh_10_10_11_1,
                                          tm->hw[1]->sw_if_index,
                                          ~0, // invalid fib index
@@ -7004,7 +7670,7 @@ fib_test_bfd (void)
                                     FIB_SOURCE_INTERFACE,
                                     (FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_CONNECTED |
                                      FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_ATTACHED),
-                                    FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
+                                    DPO_PROTO_IP4,
                                     NULL,
                                     tm->hw[0]->sw_if_index,
                                     ~0, // invalid fib index
@@ -7021,7 +7687,7 @@ fib_test_bfd (void)
                                     FIB_SOURCE_INTERFACE,
                                     (FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_CONNECTED |
                                      FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_LOCAL),
-                                    FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
+                                    DPO_PROTO_IP4,
                                     NULL,
                                     tm->hw[0]->sw_if_index,
                                     ~0, // invalid fib index
@@ -7091,17 +7757,17 @@ fib_test_bfd (void)
     /*
      * source the entry via the ADJ fib
      */
-    fei = fib_table_entry_update_one_path(0,
-                                          &pfx_10_10_10_1_s_32,
-                                          FIB_SOURCE_ADJ,
-                                          FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_ATTACHED,
-                                          FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
-                                          &nh_10_10_10_1,
-                                          tm->hw[0]->sw_if_index,
-                                          ~0, // invalid fib index
-                                          1,
-                                          NULL,
-                                          FIB_ROUTE_PATH_FLAG_NONE);
+    fei = fib_table_entry_path_add(0,
+                                   &pfx_10_10_10_1_s_32,
+                                   FIB_SOURCE_ADJ,
+                                   FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_ATTACHED,
+                                   DPO_PROTO_IP4,
+                                   &nh_10_10_10_1,
+                                   tm->hw[0]->sw_if_index,
+                                   ~0, // invalid fib index
+                                   1,
+                                   NULL,
+                                   FIB_ROUTE_PATH_FLAG_NONE);
 
     /*
      * Delete the BFD session. Expect the fib_entry to remain
@@ -7130,17 +7796,17 @@ fib_test_bfd (void)
         .fp_len = 32,
         .fp_proto = FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
     };
-    fib_table_entry_update_one_path(0,
-                                    &pfx_10_10_10_2_s_32,
-                                    FIB_SOURCE_ADJ,
-                                    FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_ATTACHED,
-                                    FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
-                                    &nh_10_10_10_2,
-                                    tm->hw[0]->sw_if_index,
-                                    ~0, // invalid fib index
-                                    1,
-                                    NULL,
-                                    FIB_ROUTE_PATH_FLAG_NONE);
+    fib_table_entry_path_add(0,
+                             &pfx_10_10_10_2_s_32,
+                             FIB_SOURCE_ADJ,
+                             FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_ATTACHED,
+                             DPO_PROTO_IP4,
+                             &nh_10_10_10_2,
+                             tm->hw[0]->sw_if_index,
+                             ~0, // invalid fib index
+                             1,
+                             NULL,
+                             FIB_ROUTE_PATH_FLAG_NONE);
     /*
      * A BFD session for the new ADJ FIB
      */
@@ -7162,17 +7828,17 @@ fib_test_bfd (void)
      * then add it back
      */
     fib_table_entry_delete(0, &pfx_10_10_10_2_s_32, FIB_SOURCE_ADJ);
-    fib_table_entry_update_one_path(0,
-                                    &pfx_10_10_10_2_s_32,
-                                    FIB_SOURCE_ADJ,
-                                    FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_ATTACHED,
-                                    FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
-                                    &nh_10_10_10_2,
-                                    tm->hw[0]->sw_if_index,
-                                    ~0, // invalid fib index
-                                    1,
-                                    NULL,
-                                    FIB_ROUTE_PATH_FLAG_NONE);
+    fib_table_entry_path_add(0,
+                             &pfx_10_10_10_2_s_32,
+                             FIB_SOURCE_ADJ,
+                             FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_ATTACHED,
+                             DPO_PROTO_IP4,
+                             &nh_10_10_10_2,
+                             tm->hw[0]->sw_if_index,
+                             ~0, // invalid fib index
+                             1,
+                             NULL,
+                             FIB_ROUTE_PATH_FLAG_NONE);
 
     /*
      * Before adding a recursive via the BFD tracked ADJ-FIBs,
@@ -7222,7 +7888,7 @@ fib_test_bfd (void)
                                    &pfx_200_0_0_0_s_24,
                                    FIB_SOURCE_API,
                                    FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_NONE,
-                                   FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
+                                   DPO_PROTO_IP4,
                                    &nh_10_10_10_2,
                                    ~0, // recursive
                                    0, // default fib index
@@ -7241,7 +7907,7 @@ fib_test_bfd (void)
                                    &pfx_200_0_0_0_s_24,
                                    FIB_SOURCE_API,
                                    FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_NONE,
-                                   FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
+                                   DPO_PROTO_IP4,
                                    &nh_10_10_10_1,
                                    ~0, // recursive
                                    0, // default fib index
@@ -7380,7 +8046,7 @@ fib_test_bfd (void)
                                    &pfx_5_5_5_5_s_32,
                                    FIB_SOURCE_CLI,
                                    FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_NONE,
-                                   FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
+                                   DPO_PROTO_IP4,
                                    &nh_10_10_10_1,
                                    tm->hw[0]->sw_if_index,
                                    ~0, // invalid fib index
@@ -7411,7 +8077,7 @@ fib_test_bfd (void)
                                    &pfx_5_5_5_5_s_32,
                                    FIB_SOURCE_CLI,
                                    FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_NONE,
-                                   FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
+                                   DPO_PROTO_IP4,
                                    &nh_10_10_10_2,
                                    tm->hw[0]->sw_if_index,
                                    ~0, // invalid fib index
@@ -7483,9 +8149,10 @@ lfib_test (void)
     /*
      * MPLS enable an interface so we get the MPLS table created
      */
+    mpls_table_create(MPLS_FIB_DEFAULT_TABLE_ID, FIB_SOURCE_API, NULL);
     mpls_sw_interface_enable_disable(&mpls_main,
                                      tm->hw[0]->sw_if_index,
-                                     1);
+                                     1, 1);
 
     ip46_address_t nh_10_10_10_1 = {
        .ip4.as_u32 = clib_host_to_net_u32(0x0a0a0a01),
@@ -7549,7 +8216,7 @@ lfib_test (void)
                                   &pfx,
                                   FIB_SOURCE_CLI,
                                   FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_NONE,
-                                  FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
+                                  DPO_PROTO_IP4,
                                   &zero_addr,
                                   ~0,
                                   fib_index,
@@ -7600,7 +8267,7 @@ lfib_test (void)
                                   &pfx,
                                   FIB_SOURCE_CLI,
                                   FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_NONE,
-                                  FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
+                                  DPO_PROTO_IP4,
                                   &zero_addr,
                                   ~0,
                                   lfib_index,
@@ -7678,7 +8345,7 @@ lfib_test (void)
                                          &pfx_1200,
                                          FIB_SOURCE_API,
                                          FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_NONE,
-                                         FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
+                                         DPO_PROTO_IP4,
                                          &nh_10_10_10_1,
                                          tm->hw[0]->sw_if_index,
                                          ~0, // invalid fib index
@@ -7704,7 +8371,7 @@ lfib_test (void)
        },
     };
     fib_route_path_t *rpaths = NULL, rpath = {
-       .frp_proto = FIB_PROTOCOL_MPLS,
+        .frp_proto = DPO_PROTO_MPLS,
        .frp_local_label = 1200,
         .frp_eos = MPLS_NON_EOS,
        .frp_sw_if_index = ~0, // recurive
@@ -7814,8 +8481,8 @@ lfib_test (void)
     FIB_TEST(fib_test_validate_entry(lfe,
                                     FIB_FORW_CHAIN_TYPE_UNICAST_IP4,
                                     1,
-                                    &ip_o_1200),
-            "2.2.2.2.4/32 LB 1 buckets via: label 1200 EOS");
+                                    &bucket_drop),
+            "2.2.2.2.4/32 LB 1 buckets via: drop");
     lfe = fib_table_lookup(fib_index, &pfx_1200);
     FIB_TEST(fib_test_validate_entry(lfe,
                                     FIB_FORW_CHAIN_TYPE_UNICAST_IP4,
@@ -7838,7 +8505,7 @@ lfib_test (void)
      */
     dpo_id_t idpo = DPO_INVALID;
 
-    interface_dpo_add_or_lock(DPO_PROTO_IP4,
+    interface_rx_dpo_add_or_lock(DPO_PROTO_IP4,
                               tm->hw[0]->sw_if_index,
                               &idpo);
 
@@ -7860,7 +8527,7 @@ lfib_test (void)
                                          &pfx_2500,
                                          FIB_SOURCE_API,
                                          FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_NONE,
-                                         FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
+                                         DPO_PROTO_IP4,
                                          NULL,
                                          tm->hw[0]->sw_if_index,
                                          ~0, // invalid fib index
@@ -7905,7 +8572,7 @@ lfib_test (void)
                                          &pfx_3500,
                                          FIB_SOURCE_API,
                                          FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_MULTICAST,
-                                         FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
+                                         DPO_PROTO_IP4,
                                          &nh_10_10_10_1,
                                          tm->hw[0]->sw_if_index,
                                          ~0, // invalid fib index
@@ -7925,7 +8592,7 @@ lfib_test (void)
                                   &pfx_3500,
                                   FIB_SOURCE_API,
                                   FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_MULTICAST,
-                                  FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
+                                  DPO_PROTO_IP4,
                                    NULL,
                                    tm->hw[0]->sw_if_index,
                                    ~0, // invalid fib index
@@ -7952,7 +8619,7 @@ lfib_test (void)
                                   &pfx_3500,
                                   FIB_SOURCE_API,
                                   FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_MULTICAST,
-                                  FIB_PROTOCOL_IP4,
+                                  DPO_PROTO_IP4,
                                    NULL,
                                    5, // rpf-id
                                    0, // default table
@@ -7977,14 +8644,15 @@ lfib_test (void)
      */
     mpls_sw_interface_enable_disable(&mpls_main,
                                      tm->hw[0]->sw_if_index,
-                                     0);
+                                     0, 1);
+    mpls_table_delete(MPLS_FIB_DEFAULT_TABLE_ID, FIB_SOURCE_API);
 
     FIB_TEST(lb_count == pool_elts(load_balance_pool),
             "Load-balance resources freed %d of %d",
              lb_count, pool_elts(load_balance_pool));
-    FIB_TEST(0 == pool_elts(interface_dpo_pool),
-            "interface_dpo resources freed %d of %d",
-             0, pool_elts(interface_dpo_pool));
+    FIB_TEST(0 == pool_elts(interface_rx_dpo_pool),
+            "interface_rx_dpo resources freed %d of %d",
+             0, pool_elts(interface_rx_dpo_pool));
 
     return (0);
 }
@@ -8017,6 +8685,10 @@ fib_test (vlib_main_t * vm,
     {
        res += fib_test_ae();
     }
+    else if (unformat (input, "pref"))
+    {
+       res += fib_test_pref();
+    }
     else if (unformat (input, "lfib"))
     {
        res += lfib_test();
@@ -8035,6 +8707,7 @@ fib_test (vlib_main_t * vm,
        res += fib_test_v6();
        res += fib_test_ae();
        res += fib_test_bfd();
+       res += fib_test_pref();
        res += fib_test_label();
        res += lfib_test();