vhost: Improve data path
[vpp.git] / vnet / vnet / devices / virtio / vhost-user.c
index 1d7180c..6741e93 100644 (file)
 #define DBG_VQ(args...)
 #endif
 
+/*
+ * When an RX queue is down but active, received packets
+ * must be discarded. This value controls up to how many
+ * packets will be discarded during each round.
+ */
+#define VHOST_USER_DOWN_DISCARD_COUNT 256
+
+/*
+ * When the number of available buffers gets under this threshold,
+ * RX node will start discarding packets.
+ */
+#define VHOST_USER_RX_BUFFER_STARVATION 32
+
+/*
+ * On the receive side, the host should free descriptors as soon
+ * as possible in order to avoid TX drop in the VM.
+ * This value controls the number of copy operations that are stacked
+ * before copy is done for all and descriptors are given back to
+ * the guest.
+ * The value 64 was obtained by testing (48 and 128 were not as good).
+ */
+#define VHOST_USER_RX_COPY_THRESHOLD 64
+
 #define UNIX_GET_FD(unixfd_idx) \
     (unixfd_idx != ~0) ? \
        pool_elt_at_index (unix_main.file_pool, \
@@ -86,7 +109,8 @@ vlib_node_registration_t vhost_user_input_node;
 
 #define foreach_vhost_user_tx_func_error      \
   _(NONE, "no error")  \
-  _(NOT_READY, "vhost user state error")  \
+  _(NOT_READY, "vhost vring not ready")  \
+  _(DOWN, "vhost interface is down")  \
   _(PKT_DROP_NOBUF, "tx packet drops (no available descriptors)")  \
   _(PKT_DROP_NOMRG, "tx packet drops (cannot merge descriptors)")  \
   _(MMAP_FAIL, "mmap failure") \
@@ -587,14 +611,19 @@ vhost_user_if_disconnect (vhost_user_intf_t * vui)
 }
 
 #define VHOST_LOG_PAGE 0x1000
-always_inline void
-vhost_user_log_dirty_pages (vhost_user_intf_t * vui, u64 addr, u64 len)
+static_always_inline void
+vhost_user_log_dirty_pages_2 (vhost_user_intf_t * vui,
+                             u64 addr, u64 len, u8 is_host_address)
 {
   if (PREDICT_TRUE (vui->log_base_addr == 0
                    || !(vui->features & (1 << FEAT_VHOST_F_LOG_ALL))))
     {
       return;
     }
+  if (is_host_address)
+    {
+      addr = (u64) map_user_mem (vui, (uword) addr);
+    }
   if (PREDICT_FALSE ((addr + len - 1) / VHOST_LOG_PAGE / 8 >= vui->log_size))
     {
       DBG_SOCK ("vhost_user_log_dirty_pages(): out of range\n");
@@ -610,6 +639,12 @@ vhost_user_log_dirty_pages (vhost_user_intf_t * vui, u64 addr, u64 len)
     }
 }
 
+static_always_inline void
+vhost_user_log_dirty_pages (vhost_user_intf_t * vui, u64 addr, u64 len)
+{
+  vhost_user_log_dirty_pages_2 (vui, addr, len, 0);
+}
+
 #define vhost_user_log_dirty_ring(vui, vq, member) \
   if (PREDICT_FALSE(vq->log_used)) { \
     vhost_user_log_dirty_pages(vui, vq->log_guest_addr + STRUCT_OFFSET_OF(vring_used_t, member), \
@@ -1185,10 +1220,16 @@ vhost_user_init (vlib_main_t * vm)
   vum->coalesce_frames = 32;
   vum->coalesce_time = 1e-3;
 
-  vec_validate_aligned (vum->rx_buffers, tm->n_vlib_mains - 1,
-                       CLIB_CACHE_LINE_BYTES);
   vec_validate (vum->cpus, tm->n_vlib_mains - 1);
 
+  vhost_cpu_t *cpu;
+  vec_foreach (cpu, vum->cpus)
+  {
+    /* This is actually not necessary as validate already zeroes it
+     * Just keeping the loop here for later because I am lazy. */
+    cpu->rx_buffers_len = 0;
+  }
+
   /* find out which cpus will be used for input */
   vum->input_cpu_first_index = 0;
   vum->input_cpu_count = 1;
@@ -1217,15 +1258,6 @@ vhost_user_exit (vlib_main_t * vm)
 
 VLIB_MAIN_LOOP_EXIT_FUNCTION (vhost_user_exit);
 
-typedef struct
-{
-  u16 qid; /** The interface queue index (Not the virtio vring idx) */
-  u16 device_index; /** The device index */
-  u32 virtio_ring_flags; /** Runtime queue flags  **/
-  u16 first_desc_len; /** Length of the first data descriptor **/
-  virtio_net_hdr_mrg_rxbuf_t hdr; /** Virtio header **/
-} vhost_trace_t;
-
 static u8 *
 format_vhost_trace (u8 * s, va_list * va)
 {
@@ -1285,7 +1317,7 @@ vhost_user_rx_trace (vhost_trace_t * t,
   if (txvq->desc[desc_current].flags & VIRTQ_DESC_F_INDIRECT)
     {
       t->virtio_ring_flags |= 1 << VIRTIO_TRACE_F_INDIRECT;
-      //Header is the first here
+      /* Header is the first here */
       hdr_desc = map_guest_mem (vui, txvq->desc[desc_current].addr, &hint);
     }
   if (txvq->desc[desc_current].flags & VIRTQ_DESC_F_NEXT)
@@ -1324,6 +1356,110 @@ vhost_user_send_call (vlib_main_t * vm, vhost_user_vring_t * vq)
   vq->int_deadline = vlib_time_now (vm) + vum->coalesce_time;
 }
 
+static_always_inline u32
+vhost_user_input_copy (vhost_user_intf_t * vui, vhost_copy_t * cpy,
+                      u16 copy_len, u32 * map_hint)
+{
+  void *src0, *src1, *src2, *src3;
+  if (PREDICT_TRUE (copy_len >= 4))
+    {
+      if (PREDICT_FALSE (!(src2 = map_guest_mem (vui, cpy[0].src, map_hint))))
+       return 1;
+      if (PREDICT_FALSE (!(src3 = map_guest_mem (vui, cpy[1].src, map_hint))))
+       return 1;
+
+      while (PREDICT_TRUE (copy_len >= 4))
+       {
+         src0 = src2;
+         src1 = src3;
+
+         if (PREDICT_FALSE
+             (!(src2 = map_guest_mem (vui, cpy[2].src, map_hint))))
+           return 1;
+         if (PREDICT_FALSE
+             (!(src3 = map_guest_mem (vui, cpy[3].src, map_hint))))
+           return 1;
+
+         CLIB_PREFETCH (src2, 64, LOAD);
+         CLIB_PREFETCH (src3, 64, LOAD);
+
+         clib_memcpy ((void *) cpy[0].dst, src0, cpy[0].len);
+         clib_memcpy ((void *) cpy[1].dst, src1, cpy[1].len);
+         copy_len -= 2;
+         cpy += 2;
+       }
+    }
+  while (copy_len)
+    {
+      if (PREDICT_FALSE (!(src0 = map_guest_mem (vui, cpy->src, map_hint))))
+       return 1;
+      clib_memcpy ((void *) cpy->dst, src0, cpy->len);
+      copy_len -= 1;
+      cpy += 1;
+    }
+  return 0;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Try to discard packets from the tx ring (VPP RX path).
+ * Returns the number of discarded packets.
+ */
+u32
+vhost_user_rx_discard_packet (vlib_main_t * vm,
+                             vhost_user_intf_t * vui,
+                             vhost_user_vring_t * txvq, u32 discard_max)
+{
+  /*
+   * On the RX side, each packet corresponds to one descriptor
+   * (it is the same whether it is a shallow descriptor, chained, or indirect).
+   * Therefore, discarding a packet is like discarding a descriptor.
+   */
+  u32 discarded_packets = 0;
+  u32 avail_idx = txvq->avail->idx;
+  u16 qsz_mask = txvq->qsz - 1;
+  while (discarded_packets != discard_max)
+    {
+      if (avail_idx == txvq->last_avail_idx)
+       goto out;
+
+      u16 desc_chain_head =
+       txvq->avail->ring[txvq->last_avail_idx & qsz_mask];
+      txvq->last_avail_idx++;
+      txvq->used->ring[txvq->last_used_idx & qsz_mask].id = desc_chain_head;
+      txvq->used->ring[txvq->last_used_idx & qsz_mask].len = 0;
+      vhost_user_log_dirty_ring (vui, txvq,
+                                ring[txvq->last_used_idx & qsz_mask]);
+      txvq->last_used_idx++;
+      discarded_packets++;
+    }
+
+out:
+  CLIB_MEMORY_BARRIER ();
+  txvq->used->idx = txvq->last_used_idx;
+  vhost_user_log_dirty_ring (vui, txvq, idx);
+  return discarded_packets;
+}
+
+/*
+ * In case of overflow, we need to rewind the array of allocated buffers.
+ */
+static void
+vhost_user_input_rewind_buffers (vlib_main_t * vm,
+                                vhost_cpu_t * cpu, vlib_buffer_t * b_head)
+{
+  u32 bi_current = cpu->rx_buffers[cpu->rx_buffers_len];
+  vlib_buffer_t *b_current = vlib_get_buffer (vm, bi_current);
+  b_current->current_length = 0;
+  b_current->flags = 0;
+  while (b_current != b_head)
+    {
+      cpu->rx_buffers_len++;
+      bi_current = cpu->rx_buffers[cpu->rx_buffers_len];
+      b_current = vlib_get_buffer (vm, bi_current);
+      b_current->current_length = 0;
+      b_current->flags = 0;
+    }
+}
 
 static u32
 vhost_user_if_input (vlib_main_t * vm,
@@ -1332,26 +1468,28 @@ vhost_user_if_input (vlib_main_t * vm,
                     u16 qid, vlib_node_runtime_t * node)
 {
   vhost_user_vring_t *txvq = &vui->vrings[VHOST_VRING_IDX_TX (qid)];
-  vhost_user_vring_t *rxvq = &vui->vrings[VHOST_VRING_IDX_RX (qid)];
-  uword n_rx_packets = 0, n_rx_bytes = 0;
-  uword n_left;
+  u16 n_rx_packets = 0;
+  u32 n_rx_bytes = 0;
+  u16 n_left;
   u32 n_left_to_next, *to_next;
-  u32 next_index = 0;
-  u32 next0;
-  uword n_trace = vlib_get_trace_count (vm, node);
+  u32 next_index = VNET_DEVICE_INPUT_NEXT_ETHERNET_INPUT;
+  u32 n_trace = vlib_get_trace_count (vm, node);
   u16 qsz_mask;
-  u32 cpu_index, rx_len, drops, flush;
-  f64 now = vlib_time_now (vm);
-  u32 map_guest_hint_desc = 0;
-  u32 map_guest_hint_indirect = 0;
-  u32 *map_guest_hint_p = &map_guest_hint_desc;
+  u32 map_hint = 0;
+  u16 cpu_index = os_get_cpu_number ();
+  u16 copy_len = 0;
 
-  /* do we have pending interrupts ? */
-  if ((txvq->n_since_last_int) && (txvq->int_deadline < now))
-    vhost_user_send_call (vm, txvq);
+  {
+    /* do we have pending interrupts ? */
+    vhost_user_vring_t *rxvq = &vui->vrings[VHOST_VRING_IDX_RX (qid)];
+    f64 now = vlib_time_now (vm);
+
+    if ((txvq->n_since_last_int) && (txvq->int_deadline < now))
+      vhost_user_send_call (vm, txvq);
 
-  if ((rxvq->n_since_last_int) && (rxvq->int_deadline < now))
-    vhost_user_send_call (vm, rxvq);
+    if ((rxvq->n_since_last_int) && (rxvq->int_deadline < now))
+      vhost_user_send_call (vm, rxvq);
+  }
 
   if (PREDICT_FALSE (txvq->avail->flags & 0xFFFE))
     return 0;
@@ -1371,82 +1509,65 @@ vhost_user_if_input (vlib_main_t * vm,
        * client must not supply any new RX packets, but must process
        * and discard any TX packets."
        */
-
-      txvq->last_avail_idx = txvq->last_used_idx = txvq->avail->idx;
-      CLIB_MEMORY_BARRIER ();
-      txvq->used->idx = txvq->last_used_idx;
-      vhost_user_log_dirty_ring (vui, txvq, idx);
-      vhost_user_send_call (vm, txvq);
+      vhost_user_rx_discard_packet (vm, vui, txvq,
+                                   VHOST_USER_DOWN_DISCARD_COUNT);
       return 0;
     }
 
   if (PREDICT_FALSE (n_left == txvq->qsz))
     {
-      //Informational error logging when VPP is not receiving packets fast enough
+      /*
+       * Informational error logging when VPP is not
+       * receiving packets fast enough.
+       */
       vlib_error_count (vm, node->node_index,
                        VHOST_USER_INPUT_FUNC_ERROR_FULL_RX_QUEUE, 1);
     }
 
   qsz_mask = txvq->qsz - 1;
-  cpu_index = os_get_cpu_number ();
-  drops = 0;
-  flush = 0;
 
   if (n_left > VLIB_FRAME_SIZE)
     n_left = VLIB_FRAME_SIZE;
 
-  /* Allocate some buffers.
-   * Note that buffers that are chained for jumbo
-   * frames are allocated separately using a slower path.
-   * The idea is to be certain to have enough buffers at least
-   * to cycle through the descriptors without having to check for errors.
-   * For jumbo frames, the bottleneck is memory copy anyway.
+  /*
+   * For small packets (<2kB), we will not need more than one vlib buffer
+   * per packet. In case packets are bigger, we will just yeld at some point
+   * in the loop and come back later. This is not an issue as for big packet,
+   * processing cost really comes from the memory copy.
    */
-  if (PREDICT_FALSE (!vum->rx_buffers[cpu_index]))
+  if (PREDICT_FALSE (vum->cpus[cpu_index].rx_buffers_len < n_left + 1))
     {
-      vec_alloc (vum->rx_buffers[cpu_index], 2 * VLIB_FRAME_SIZE);
-
-      if (PREDICT_FALSE (!vum->rx_buffers[cpu_index]))
-       flush = n_left;         //Drop all input
-    }
-
-  if (PREDICT_FALSE (_vec_len (vum->rx_buffers[cpu_index]) < n_left))
-    {
-      u32 curr_len = _vec_len (vum->rx_buffers[cpu_index]);
-      _vec_len (vum->rx_buffers[cpu_index]) +=
+      u32 curr_len = vum->cpus[cpu_index].rx_buffers_len;
+      vum->cpus[cpu_index].rx_buffers_len +=
        vlib_buffer_alloc_from_free_list (vm,
-                                         vum->rx_buffers[cpu_index] +
+                                         vum->cpus[cpu_index].rx_buffers +
                                          curr_len,
-                                         2 * VLIB_FRAME_SIZE - curr_len,
+                                         VHOST_USER_RX_BUFFERS_N - curr_len,
                                          VLIB_BUFFER_DEFAULT_FREE_LIST_INDEX);
 
-      if (PREDICT_FALSE (n_left > _vec_len (vum->rx_buffers[cpu_index])))
-       flush = n_left - _vec_len (vum->rx_buffers[cpu_index]);
-    }
-
-  if (PREDICT_FALSE (flush))
-    {
-      //Remove some input buffers
-      drops += flush;
-      n_left -= flush;
-      vlib_error_count (vm, vhost_user_input_node.index,
-                       VHOST_USER_INPUT_FUNC_ERROR_NO_BUFFER, flush);
-      while (flush)
+      if (PREDICT_FALSE
+         (vum->cpus[cpu_index].rx_buffers_len <
+          VHOST_USER_RX_BUFFER_STARVATION))
        {
-         u16 desc_chain_head =
-           txvq->avail->ring[txvq->last_avail_idx & qsz_mask];
-         txvq->last_avail_idx++;
-         txvq->used->ring[txvq->last_used_idx & qsz_mask].id =
-           desc_chain_head;
-         txvq->used->ring[txvq->last_used_idx & qsz_mask].len = 0;
-         vhost_user_log_dirty_ring (vui, txvq,
-                                    ring[txvq->last_used_idx & qsz_mask]);
-         txvq->last_used_idx++;
-         flush--;
+         /* In case of buffer starvation, discard some packets from the queue
+          * and log the event.
+          * We keep doing best effort for the remaining packets. */
+         u32 flush = (n_left + 1 > vum->cpus[cpu_index].rx_buffers_len) ?
+           n_left + 1 - vum->cpus[cpu_index].rx_buffers_len : 1;
+         flush = vhost_user_rx_discard_packet (vm, vui, txvq, flush);
+
+         n_left -= flush;
+         vlib_increment_simple_counter (vnet_main.
+                                        interface_main.sw_if_counters +
+                                        VNET_INTERFACE_COUNTER_DROP,
+                                        os_get_cpu_number (),
+                                        vui->sw_if_index, flush);
+
+         vlib_error_count (vm, vhost_user_input_node.index,
+                           VHOST_USER_INPUT_FUNC_ERROR_NO_BUFFER, flush);
        }
     }
 
-  rx_len = vec_len (vum->rx_buffers[cpu_index]);       //vector might be null
   while (n_left > 0)
     {
       vlib_get_next_frame (vm, node, next_index, to_next, n_left_to_next);
@@ -1454,32 +1575,48 @@ vhost_user_if_input (vlib_main_t * vm,
       while (n_left > 0 && n_left_to_next > 0)
        {
          vlib_buffer_t *b_head, *b_current;
-         u32 bi_head, bi_current;
-         u16 desc_chain_head, desc_current;
-         u8 error = VHOST_USER_INPUT_FUNC_ERROR_NO_ERROR;
+         u32 bi_current;
+         u16 desc_current;
+         u32 desc_data_offset;
+         vring_desc_t *desc_table = txvq->desc;
 
-         if (PREDICT_TRUE (n_left > 1))
+         if (PREDICT_FALSE (vum->cpus[cpu_index].rx_buffers_len <= 1))
            {
-             u32 next_desc =
-               txvq->avail->ring[(txvq->last_avail_idx + 1) & qsz_mask];
-             void *buffer_addr =
-               map_guest_mem (vui, txvq->desc[next_desc].addr,
-                              &map_guest_hint_desc);
-             if (PREDICT_TRUE (buffer_addr != 0))
-               CLIB_PREFETCH (buffer_addr, 64, STORE);
-
-             u32 bi = vum->rx_buffers[cpu_index][rx_len - 2];
-             vlib_prefetch_buffer_with_index (vm, bi, STORE);
-             CLIB_PREFETCH (vlib_get_buffer (vm, bi)->data, 128, STORE);
+             /* Not enough rx_buffers
+              * Note: We yeld on 1 so we don't need to do an additional
+              * check for the next buffer prefetch.
+              */
+             n_left = 0;
+             break;
            }
 
-         desc_chain_head = desc_current =
-           txvq->avail->ring[txvq->last_avail_idx & qsz_mask];
-         bi_head = bi_current = vum->rx_buffers[cpu_index][--rx_len];
-         b_head = b_current = vlib_get_buffer (vm, bi_head);
-         vlib_buffer_chain_init (b_head);
+         desc_current = txvq->avail->ring[txvq->last_avail_idx & qsz_mask];
+         vum->cpus[cpu_index].rx_buffers_len--;
+         bi_current = (vum->cpus[cpu_index].rx_buffers)
+           [vum->cpus[cpu_index].rx_buffers_len];
+         b_head = b_current = vlib_get_buffer (vm, bi_current);
+         to_next[0] = bi_current;      //We do that now so we can forget about bi_current
+         to_next++;
+         n_left_to_next--;
+
+         vlib_prefetch_buffer_with_index (vm,
+                                          (vum->cpus[cpu_index].rx_buffers)
+                                          [vum->cpus[cpu_index].
+                                           rx_buffers_len - 1], LOAD);
+
+         /* Just preset the used descriptor id and length for later */
+         txvq->used->ring[txvq->last_used_idx & qsz_mask].id = desc_current;
+         txvq->used->ring[txvq->last_used_idx & qsz_mask].len = 0;
+         vhost_user_log_dirty_ring (vui, txvq,
+                                    ring[txvq->last_used_idx & qsz_mask]);
+
+         /* The buffer should already be initialized */
+         b_head->total_length_not_including_first_buffer = 0;
+         b_head->flags |= VLIB_BUFFER_TOTAL_LENGTH_VALID;
+
          if (PREDICT_FALSE (n_trace))
            {
+             //TODO: next_index is not exactly known at that point
              vlib_trace_buffer (vm, node, next_index, b_head,
                                 /* follow_chain */ 0);
              vhost_trace_t *t0 =
@@ -1489,148 +1626,173 @@ vhost_user_if_input (vlib_main_t * vm,
              vlib_set_trace_count (vm, node, n_trace);
            }
 
-         uword offset;
-         if (PREDICT_TRUE (vui->is_any_layout) ||
-             (!(txvq->desc[desc_current].flags & VIRTQ_DESC_F_NEXT) &&
-              !(txvq->desc[desc_current].flags & VIRTQ_DESC_F_INDIRECT)))
-           {
-             /* ANYLAYOUT or single buffer */
-             offset = vui->virtio_net_hdr_sz;
-           }
-         else
-           {
-             /* CSR case without ANYLAYOUT, skip 1st buffer */
-             offset = txvq->desc[desc_current].len;
-           }
-
-         vring_desc_t *desc_table = txvq->desc;
-         u32 desc_index = desc_current;
-         map_guest_hint_p = &map_guest_hint_desc;
-
+         /* This depends on the setup but is very consistent
+          * So I think the CPU branch predictor will make a pretty good job
+          * at optimizing the decision. */
          if (txvq->desc[desc_current].flags & VIRTQ_DESC_F_INDIRECT)
            {
              desc_table = map_guest_mem (vui, txvq->desc[desc_current].addr,
-                                         &map_guest_hint_desc);
-             desc_index = 0;
-             map_guest_hint_p = &map_guest_hint_indirect;
+                                         &map_hint);
+             desc_current = 0;
              if (PREDICT_FALSE (desc_table == 0))
                {
-                 error = VHOST_USER_INPUT_FUNC_ERROR_MMAP_FAIL;
+                 //FIXME: Handle error by shutdown the queue
                  goto out;
                }
            }
 
-         while (1)
+         if (PREDICT_TRUE (vui->is_any_layout) ||
+             (!(desc_table[desc_current].flags & VIRTQ_DESC_F_NEXT)))
            {
-             void *buffer_addr =
-               map_guest_mem (vui, desc_table[desc_index].addr,
-                              map_guest_hint_p);
-             if (PREDICT_FALSE (buffer_addr == 0))
-               {
-                 error = VHOST_USER_INPUT_FUNC_ERROR_MMAP_FAIL;
-                 goto out;
-               }
+             /* ANYLAYOUT or single buffer */
+             desc_data_offset = vui->virtio_net_hdr_sz;
+           }
+         else
+           {
+             /* CSR case without ANYLAYOUT, skip 1st buffer */
+             desc_data_offset = desc_table[desc_current].len;
+           }
 
-             if (PREDICT_TRUE
-                 (desc_table[desc_index].flags & VIRTQ_DESC_F_NEXT))
+         while (1)
+           {
+             /* Get more input if necessary. Or end of packet. */
+             if (desc_data_offset == desc_table[desc_current].len)
                {
-                 CLIB_PREFETCH (&desc_table[desc_table[desc_index].next],
-                                sizeof (vring_desc_t), STORE);
+                 if (PREDICT_FALSE (desc_table[desc_current].flags &
+                                    VIRTQ_DESC_F_NEXT))
+                   {
+                     desc_current = desc_table[desc_current].next;
+                     desc_data_offset = 0;
+                   }
+                 else
+                   {
+                     goto out;
+                   }
                }
 
-             if (desc_table[desc_index].len > offset)
+             /* Get more output if necessary. Or end of packet. */
+             if (PREDICT_FALSE
+                 (b_current->current_length == VLIB_BUFFER_DATA_SIZE))
                {
-                 u16 len = desc_table[desc_index].len - offset;
-                 u16 copied = vlib_buffer_chain_append_data_with_alloc (vm,
-                                                                        VLIB_BUFFER_DEFAULT_FREE_LIST_INDEX,
-                                                                        b_head,
-                                                                        &b_current,
-                                                                        buffer_addr
-                                                                        +
-                                                                        offset,
-                                                                        len);
-                 if (copied != len)
+                 if (PREDICT_FALSE
+                     (vum->cpus[cpu_index].rx_buffers_len == 0))
                    {
-                     error = VHOST_USER_INPUT_FUNC_ERROR_NO_BUFFER;
-                     break;
+                     /*
+                      * Checking if there are some left buffers.
+                      * If not, just rewind the used buffers and stop.
+                      * Note: Scheduled copies are not cancelled. This is
+                      * not an issue as they would still be valid. Useless,
+                      * but valid.
+                      */
+                     vhost_user_input_rewind_buffers (vm,
+                                                      &vum->cpus[cpu_index],
+                                                      b_head);
+                     n_left = 0;
+                     goto stop;
                    }
+
+                 /* Get next output */
+                 vum->cpus[cpu_index].rx_buffers_len--;
+                 u32 bi_next =
+                   (vum->cpus[cpu_index].rx_buffers)[vum->cpus
+                                                     [cpu_index].rx_buffers_len];
+                 b_current->next_buffer = bi_next;
+                 b_current->flags |= VLIB_BUFFER_NEXT_PRESENT;
+                 bi_current = bi_next;
+                 b_current = vlib_get_buffer (vm, bi_current);
                }
-             offset = 0;
 
-             /* if next flag is set, take next desc in the chain */
-             if ((desc_table[desc_index].flags & VIRTQ_DESC_F_NEXT))
-               desc_index = desc_table[desc_index].next;
-             else
-               goto out;
+             /* Prepare a copy order executed later for the data */
+             vhost_copy_t *cpy = &vum->cpus[cpu_index].copy[copy_len];
+             copy_len++;
+             u32 desc_data_l =
+               desc_table[desc_current].len - desc_data_offset;
+             cpy->len = VLIB_BUFFER_DATA_SIZE - b_current->current_length;
+             cpy->len = (cpy->len > desc_data_l) ? desc_data_l : cpy->len;
+             cpy->dst = (uword) vlib_buffer_get_current (b_current);
+             cpy->src = desc_table[desc_current].addr + desc_data_offset;
+
+             desc_data_offset += cpy->len;
+
+             b_current->current_length += cpy->len;
+             b_head->total_length_not_including_first_buffer += cpy->len;
            }
+
        out:
+         CLIB_PREFETCH (&n_left, sizeof (n_left), LOAD);
+
+         n_rx_bytes += b_head->total_length_not_including_first_buffer;
+         n_rx_packets++;
+
+         b_head->total_length_not_including_first_buffer -=
+           b_head->current_length;
 
          /* consume the descriptor and return it as used */
          txvq->last_avail_idx++;
-         txvq->used->ring[txvq->last_used_idx & qsz_mask].id =
-           desc_chain_head;
-         txvq->used->ring[txvq->last_used_idx & qsz_mask].len = 0;
-         vhost_user_log_dirty_ring (vui, txvq,
-                                    ring[txvq->last_used_idx & qsz_mask]);
          txvq->last_used_idx++;
 
-         //It is important to free RX as fast as possible such that the TX
-         //process does not drop packets
-         if ((txvq->last_used_idx & 0x3f) == 0)        // Every 64 packets
-           txvq->used->idx = txvq->last_used_idx;
-
-         if (PREDICT_FALSE (b_head->current_length < 14 &&
-                            error == VHOST_USER_INPUT_FUNC_ERROR_NO_ERROR))
-           error = VHOST_USER_INPUT_FUNC_ERROR_UNDERSIZED_FRAME;
-
          VLIB_BUFFER_TRACE_TRAJECTORY_INIT (b_head);
 
          vnet_buffer (b_head)->sw_if_index[VLIB_RX] = vui->sw_if_index;
          vnet_buffer (b_head)->sw_if_index[VLIB_TX] = (u32) ~ 0;
-         b_head->error = node->errors[error];
+         b_head->error = 0;
 
-         if (PREDICT_FALSE (error))
-           {
-             drops++;
-             next0 = VNET_DEVICE_INPUT_NEXT_DROP;
-           }
-         else
-           {
-             n_rx_bytes +=
-               b_head->current_length +
-               b_head->total_length_not_including_first_buffer;
-             n_rx_packets++;
-             next0 = VNET_DEVICE_INPUT_NEXT_ETHERNET_INPUT;
-           }
+         {
+           u32 next0 = VNET_DEVICE_INPUT_NEXT_ETHERNET_INPUT;
 
-         to_next[0] = bi_head;
-         to_next++;
-         n_left_to_next--;
+           /* redirect if feature path enabled */
+           vnet_feature_start_device_input_x1 (vui->sw_if_index, &next0,
+                                               b_head, 0);
 
-         /* redirect if feature path enabled */
-         vnet_feature_start_device_input_x1 (vui->sw_if_index, &next0,
-                                             b_head, 0);
+           u32 bi = to_next[-1];       //Cannot use to_next[-1] in the macro
+           vlib_validate_buffer_enqueue_x1 (vm, node, next_index,
+                                            to_next, n_left_to_next,
+                                            bi, next0);
+         }
 
-         vlib_validate_buffer_enqueue_x1 (vm, node, next_index,
-                                          to_next, n_left_to_next,
-                                          bi_head, next0);
          n_left--;
-         if (PREDICT_FALSE (!n_left))
+
+         /*
+          * Although separating memory copies from virtio ring parsing
+          * is beneficial, we can offer to perform the copies from time
+          * to time in order to free some space in the ring.
+          */
+         if (PREDICT_FALSE (copy_len >= VHOST_USER_RX_COPY_THRESHOLD))
            {
-             // I NEED SOME MORE !
-             u32 remain = (u16) (txvq->avail->idx - txvq->last_avail_idx);
-             remain = (remain > VLIB_FRAME_SIZE - n_rx_packets) ?
-               VLIB_FRAME_SIZE - n_rx_packets : remain;
-             remain = (remain > rx_len) ? rx_len : remain;
-             n_left = remain;
+             if (PREDICT_FALSE
+                 (vhost_user_input_copy (vui, vum->cpus[cpu_index].copy,
+                                         copy_len, &map_hint)))
+               {
+                 clib_warning
+                   ("Memory mapping error on interface hw_if_index=%d "
+                    "(Shutting down - Switch interface down and up to restart)",
+                    vui->hw_if_index);
+                 vui->admin_up = 0;
+                 copy_len = 0;
+                 break;
+               }
+             copy_len = 0;
+
+             /* give buffers back to driver */
+             CLIB_MEMORY_BARRIER ();
+             txvq->used->idx = txvq->last_used_idx;
+             vhost_user_log_dirty_ring (vui, txvq, idx);
            }
        }
-
+    stop:
       vlib_put_next_frame (vm, node, next_index, n_left_to_next);
     }
 
-  if (PREDICT_TRUE (vum->rx_buffers[cpu_index] != 0))
-    _vec_len (vum->rx_buffers[cpu_index]) = rx_len;
+  /* Do the memory copies */
+  if (PREDICT_FALSE
+      (vhost_user_input_copy (vui, vum->cpus[cpu_index].copy,
+                             copy_len, &map_hint)))
+    {
+      clib_warning ("Memory mapping error on interface hw_if_index=%d "
+                   "(Shutting down - Switch interface down and up to restart)",
+                   vui->hw_if_index);
+      vui->admin_up = 0;
+    }
 
   /* give buffers back to driver */
   CLIB_MEMORY_BARRIER ();
@@ -1646,14 +1808,6 @@ vhost_user_if_input (vlib_main_t * vm,
        vhost_user_send_call (vm, txvq);
     }
 
-  if (PREDICT_FALSE (drops))
-    {
-      vlib_increment_simple_counter
-       (vnet_main.interface_main.sw_if_counters
-        + VNET_INTERFACE_COUNTER_DROP, os_get_cpu_number (),
-        vui->sw_if_index, drops);
-    }
-
   /* increase rx counters */
   vlib_increment_combined_counter
     (vnet_main.interface_main.combined_sw_if_counters
@@ -1680,8 +1834,6 @@ vhost_user_input (vlib_main_t * vm,
     n_rx_packets += vhost_user_if_input (vm, vum, vui, vhiq->qid, node);
   }
 
-  //TODO: One call might return more than 256 packets here.
-  //But this is supposed to be the vector size.
   return n_rx_packets;
 }
 
@@ -1726,7 +1878,7 @@ vhost_user_tx_trace (vhost_trace_t * t,
   if (rxvq->desc[desc_current].flags & VIRTQ_DESC_F_INDIRECT)
     {
       t->virtio_ring_flags |= 1 << VIRTIO_TRACE_F_INDIRECT;
-      //Header is the first here
+      /* Header is the first here */
       hdr_desc = map_guest_mem (vui, rxvq->desc[desc_current].addr, &hint);
     }
   if (rxvq->desc[desc_current].flags & VIRTQ_DESC_F_NEXT)
@@ -1742,290 +1894,348 @@ vhost_user_tx_trace (vhost_trace_t * t,
   t->first_desc_len = hdr_desc ? hdr_desc->len : 0;
 }
 
+static_always_inline u32
+vhost_user_tx_copy (vhost_user_intf_t * vui, vhost_copy_t * cpy,
+                   u16 copy_len, u32 * map_hint)
+{
+  void *dst0, *dst1, *dst2, *dst3;
+  if (PREDICT_TRUE (copy_len >= 4))
+    {
+      if (PREDICT_FALSE (!(dst2 = map_guest_mem (vui, cpy[0].dst, map_hint))))
+       return 1;
+      if (PREDICT_FALSE (!(dst3 = map_guest_mem (vui, cpy[1].dst, map_hint))))
+       return 1;
+      while (PREDICT_TRUE (copy_len >= 4))
+       {
+         dst0 = dst2;
+         dst1 = dst3;
+
+         if (PREDICT_FALSE
+             (!(dst2 = map_guest_mem (vui, cpy[2].dst, map_hint))))
+           return 1;
+         if (PREDICT_FALSE
+             (!(dst3 = map_guest_mem (vui, cpy[3].dst, map_hint))))
+           return 1;
+
+         CLIB_PREFETCH ((void *) cpy[2].src, 64, LOAD);
+         CLIB_PREFETCH ((void *) cpy[3].src, 64, LOAD);
+
+         clib_memcpy (dst0, (void *) cpy[0].src, cpy[0].len);
+         clib_memcpy (dst1, (void *) cpy[1].src, cpy[1].len);
+
+         vhost_user_log_dirty_pages_2 (vui, cpy[0].dst, cpy[0].len, 1);
+         vhost_user_log_dirty_pages_2 (vui, cpy[1].dst, cpy[1].len, 1);
+         copy_len -= 2;
+         cpy += 2;
+       }
+    }
+  while (copy_len)
+    {
+      if (PREDICT_FALSE (!(dst0 = map_guest_mem (vui, cpy->dst, map_hint))))
+       return 1;
+      clib_memcpy (dst0, (void *) cpy->src, cpy->len);
+      vhost_user_log_dirty_pages_2 (vui, cpy->dst, cpy->len, 1);
+      copy_len -= 1;
+      cpy += 1;
+    }
+  return 0;
+}
+
+
 static uword
 vhost_user_tx (vlib_main_t * vm,
               vlib_node_runtime_t * node, vlib_frame_t * frame)
 {
   u32 *buffers = vlib_frame_args (frame);
-  u32 n_left = 0;
+  u32 n_left = frame->n_vectors;
   vhost_user_main_t *vum = &vhost_user_main;
-  uword n_packets = 0;
   vnet_interface_output_runtime_t *rd = (void *) node->runtime_data;
   vhost_user_intf_t *vui =
     pool_elt_at_index (vum->vhost_user_interfaces, rd->dev_instance);
   u32 qid = ~0;
   vhost_user_vring_t *rxvq;
   u16 qsz_mask;
-  u8 error = VHOST_USER_TX_FUNC_ERROR_NONE;
+  u8 error;
   u32 cpu_index = os_get_cpu_number ();
-  n_left = n_packets = frame->n_vectors;
-  u32 map_guest_hint_desc = 0;
-  u32 map_guest_hint_indirect = 0;
-  u32 *map_guest_hint_p = &map_guest_hint_desc;
-  vhost_trace_t *current_trace = 0;
-  int n_retry;
+  u32 map_hint = 0;
+  u8 retry = 8;
+  u16 copy_len;
+  u16 tx_headers_len;
+
+  if (PREDICT_FALSE (!vui->admin_up))
+    {
+      error = VHOST_USER_TX_FUNC_ERROR_DOWN;
+      goto done3;
+    }
 
-  if (PREDICT_FALSE (!vui->is_up || !vui->admin_up))
+  if (PREDICT_FALSE (!vui->is_up))
     {
       error = VHOST_USER_TX_FUNC_ERROR_NOT_READY;
       goto done3;
     }
 
   qid =
-    VHOST_VRING_IDX_RX (*vec_elt_at_index (vui->per_cpu_tx_qid, cpu_index));
+    VHOST_VRING_IDX_RX (*vec_elt_at_index
+                       (vui->per_cpu_tx_qid, os_get_cpu_number ()));
   rxvq = &vui->vrings[qid];
   if (PREDICT_FALSE (vui->use_tx_spinlock))
     vhost_user_vring_lock (vui, qid);
 
-  if (PREDICT_FALSE ((rxvq->avail->idx == rxvq->last_avail_idx)))
-    {
-      error = VHOST_USER_TX_FUNC_ERROR_PKT_DROP_NOBUF;
-      goto done2;
-    }
-
   qsz_mask = rxvq->qsz - 1;    /* qsz is always power of 2 */
-  n_retry = 8;
 
-  while (n_left > 0 && n_retry--)
+retry:
+  error = VHOST_USER_TX_FUNC_ERROR_NONE;
+  tx_headers_len = 0;
+  copy_len = 0;
+  while (n_left > 0)
     {
+      vlib_buffer_t *b0, *current_b0;
+      u16 desc_head, desc_index, desc_len;
+      vring_desc_t *desc_table;
+      uword buffer_map_addr;
+      u32 buffer_len;
+      u16 bytes_left;
 
-      while (n_left > 0)
+      if (PREDICT_TRUE (n_left > 1))
+       vlib_prefetch_buffer_with_index (vm, buffers[1], LOAD);
+
+      b0 = vlib_get_buffer (vm, buffers[0]);
+
+      if (PREDICT_FALSE (b0->flags & VLIB_BUFFER_IS_TRACED))
        {
-         vlib_buffer_t *b0, *current_b0;
-         u16 desc_head, desc_index, desc_len;
-         vring_desc_t *desc_table;
-         void *buffer_addr;
-         u32 buffer_len;
+         vum->cpus[cpu_index].current_trace =
+           vlib_add_trace (vm, node, b0,
+                           sizeof (*vum->cpus[cpu_index].current_trace));
+         vhost_user_tx_trace (vum->cpus[cpu_index].current_trace,
+                              vui, qid / 2, b0, rxvq);
+       }
 
-         b0 = vlib_get_buffer (vm, buffers[0]);
+      if (PREDICT_FALSE (rxvq->last_avail_idx == rxvq->avail->idx))
+       {
+         error = VHOST_USER_TX_FUNC_ERROR_PKT_DROP_NOBUF;
+         goto done;
+       }
 
-         if (PREDICT_FALSE (b0->flags & VLIB_BUFFER_IS_TRACED))
-           {
-             current_trace = vlib_add_trace (vm, node, b0,
-                                             sizeof (*current_trace));
-             vhost_user_tx_trace (current_trace, vui, qid / 2, b0, rxvq);
-           }
+      desc_table = rxvq->desc;
+      desc_head = desc_index =
+       rxvq->avail->ring[rxvq->last_avail_idx & qsz_mask];
 
-         if (PREDICT_FALSE (rxvq->last_avail_idx == rxvq->avail->idx))
+      /* Go deeper in case of indirect descriptor
+       * I don't know of any driver providing indirect for RX. */
+      if (PREDICT_FALSE (rxvq->desc[desc_head].flags & VIRTQ_DESC_F_INDIRECT))
+       {
+         if (PREDICT_FALSE
+             (rxvq->desc[desc_head].len < sizeof (vring_desc_t)))
            {
-             error = VHOST_USER_TX_FUNC_ERROR_PKT_DROP_NOBUF;
+             error = VHOST_USER_TX_FUNC_ERROR_INDIRECT_OVERFLOW;
              goto done;
            }
-
-         desc_table = rxvq->desc;
-         map_guest_hint_p = &map_guest_hint_desc;
-         desc_head = desc_index =
-           rxvq->avail->ring[rxvq->last_avail_idx & qsz_mask];
-         if (rxvq->desc[desc_head].flags & VIRTQ_DESC_F_INDIRECT)
-           {
-             if (PREDICT_FALSE
-                 (rxvq->desc[desc_head].len < sizeof (vring_desc_t)))
-               {
-                 error = VHOST_USER_TX_FUNC_ERROR_INDIRECT_OVERFLOW;
-                 goto done;
-               }
-             if (PREDICT_FALSE
-                 (!(desc_table =
-                    map_guest_mem (vui, rxvq->desc[desc_index].addr,
-                                   &map_guest_hint_desc))))
-               {
-                 error = VHOST_USER_TX_FUNC_ERROR_MMAP_FAIL;
-                 goto done;
-               }
-             desc_index = 0;
-             map_guest_hint_p = &map_guest_hint_indirect;
-           }
-
-         desc_len = vui->virtio_net_hdr_sz;
-
          if (PREDICT_FALSE
-             (!(buffer_addr =
-                map_guest_mem (vui, desc_table[desc_index].addr,
-                               map_guest_hint_p))))
+             (!(desc_table =
+                map_guest_mem (vui, rxvq->desc[desc_index].addr,
+                               &map_hint))))
            {
              error = VHOST_USER_TX_FUNC_ERROR_MMAP_FAIL;
              goto done;
            }
-         buffer_len = desc_table[desc_index].len;
-
-         CLIB_PREFETCH (buffer_addr, CLIB_CACHE_LINE_BYTES, STORE);
+         desc_index = 0;
+       }
 
-         virtio_net_hdr_mrg_rxbuf_t *hdr =
-           (virtio_net_hdr_mrg_rxbuf_t *) buffer_addr;
-         hdr->hdr.flags = 0;
-         hdr->hdr.gso_type = 0;
-         if (vui->virtio_net_hdr_sz == 12)
-           hdr->num_buffers = 1;
+      desc_len = vui->virtio_net_hdr_sz;
+      buffer_map_addr = desc_table[desc_index].addr;
+      buffer_len = desc_table[desc_index].len;
 
-         vhost_user_log_dirty_pages (vui, desc_table[desc_index].addr,
-                                     vui->virtio_net_hdr_sz);
+      {
+       // Get a header from the header array
+       virtio_net_hdr_mrg_rxbuf_t *hdr =
+         &vum->cpus[cpu_index].tx_headers[tx_headers_len];
+       tx_headers_len++;
+       hdr->hdr.flags = 0;
+       hdr->hdr.gso_type = 0;
+       hdr->num_buffers = 1;   //This is local, no need to check
+
+       // Prepare a copy order executed later for the header
+       vhost_copy_t *cpy = &vum->cpus[cpu_index].copy[copy_len];
+       copy_len++;
+       cpy->len = vui->virtio_net_hdr_sz;
+       cpy->dst = buffer_map_addr;
+       cpy->src = (uword) hdr;
+      }
 
-         u16 bytes_left = b0->current_length;
-         buffer_addr += vui->virtio_net_hdr_sz;
-         buffer_len -= vui->virtio_net_hdr_sz;
-         current_b0 = b0;
-         while (1)
-           {
-             if (!bytes_left)
-               {               //Get new input
-                 if (current_b0->flags & VLIB_BUFFER_NEXT_PRESENT)
-                   {
-                     current_b0 =
-                       vlib_get_buffer (vm, current_b0->next_buffer);
-                     bytes_left = current_b0->current_length;
-                   }
-                 else
-                   {
-                     //End of packet
-                     break;
-                   }
+      buffer_map_addr += vui->virtio_net_hdr_sz;
+      buffer_len -= vui->virtio_net_hdr_sz;
+      bytes_left = b0->current_length;
+      current_b0 = b0;
+      while (1)
+       {
+         if (buffer_len == 0)
+           {                   //Get new output
+             if (desc_table[desc_index].flags & VIRTQ_DESC_F_NEXT)
+               {
+                 //Next one is chained
+                 desc_index = desc_table[desc_index].next;
+                 buffer_map_addr = desc_table[desc_index].addr;
+                 buffer_len = desc_table[desc_index].len;
                }
-
-             if (buffer_len == 0)
-               {               //Get new output
-                 if (desc_table[desc_index].flags & VIRTQ_DESC_F_NEXT)
+             else if (vui->virtio_net_hdr_sz == 12)    //MRG is available
+               {
+                 virtio_net_hdr_mrg_rxbuf_t *hdr =
+                   &vum->cpus[cpu_index].tx_headers[tx_headers_len - 1];
+
+                 //Move from available to used buffer
+                 rxvq->used->ring[rxvq->last_used_idx & qsz_mask].id =
+                   desc_head;
+                 rxvq->used->ring[rxvq->last_used_idx & qsz_mask].len =
+                   desc_len;
+                 vhost_user_log_dirty_ring (vui, rxvq,
+                                            ring[rxvq->last_used_idx &
+                                                 qsz_mask]);
+
+                 rxvq->last_avail_idx++;
+                 rxvq->last_used_idx++;
+                 hdr->num_buffers++;
+                 desc_len = 0;
+
+                 if (PREDICT_FALSE
+                     (rxvq->last_avail_idx == rxvq->avail->idx))
                    {
-                     //Next one is chained
-                     desc_index = desc_table[desc_index].next;
-                     if (PREDICT_FALSE
-                         (!(buffer_addr =
-                            map_guest_mem (vui, desc_table[desc_index].addr,
-                                           map_guest_hint_p))))
-                       {
-                         rxvq->last_used_idx -= hdr->num_buffers - 1;
-                         rxvq->last_avail_idx -= hdr->num_buffers - 1;
-                         error = VHOST_USER_TX_FUNC_ERROR_MMAP_FAIL;
-                         goto done;
-                       }
-                     buffer_len = desc_table[desc_index].len;
+                     //Dequeue queued descriptors for this packet
+                     rxvq->last_used_idx -= hdr->num_buffers - 1;
+                     rxvq->last_avail_idx -= hdr->num_buffers - 1;
+                     error = VHOST_USER_TX_FUNC_ERROR_PKT_DROP_NOBUF;
+                     goto done;
                    }
-                 else if (vui->virtio_net_hdr_sz == 12)        //MRG is available
-                   {
-                     //Move from available to used buffer
-                     rxvq->used->ring[rxvq->last_used_idx & qsz_mask].id =
-                       desc_head;
-                     rxvq->used->ring[rxvq->last_used_idx & qsz_mask].len =
-                       desc_len;
-                     vhost_user_log_dirty_ring (vui, rxvq,
-                                                ring[rxvq->last_used_idx &
-                                                     qsz_mask]);
-                     rxvq->last_avail_idx++;
-                     rxvq->last_used_idx++;
-                     hdr->num_buffers++;
 
+                 desc_table = rxvq->desc;
+                 desc_head = desc_index =
+                   rxvq->avail->ring[rxvq->last_avail_idx & qsz_mask];
+                 if (PREDICT_FALSE
+                     (rxvq->desc[desc_head].flags & VIRTQ_DESC_F_INDIRECT))
+                   {
+                     //It is seriously unlikely that a driver will put indirect descriptor
+                     //after non-indirect descriptor.
                      if (PREDICT_FALSE
-                         (rxvq->last_avail_idx == rxvq->avail->idx))
+                         (rxvq->desc[desc_head].len < sizeof (vring_desc_t)))
                        {
-                         //Dequeue queued descriptors for this packet
-                         rxvq->last_used_idx -= hdr->num_buffers - 1;
-                         rxvq->last_avail_idx -= hdr->num_buffers - 1;
-                         error = VHOST_USER_TX_FUNC_ERROR_PKT_DROP_NOBUF;
+                         error = VHOST_USER_TX_FUNC_ERROR_INDIRECT_OVERFLOW;
                          goto done;
                        }
-
-                     desc_table = rxvq->desc;
-                     map_guest_hint_p = &map_guest_hint_desc;
-                     desc_head = desc_index =
-                       rxvq->avail->ring[rxvq->last_avail_idx & qsz_mask];
-                     if (PREDICT_FALSE
-                         (rxvq->
-                          desc[desc_head].flags & VIRTQ_DESC_F_INDIRECT))
-                       {
-                         //It is seriously unlikely that a driver will put indirect descriptor
-                         //after non-indirect descriptor.
-                         if (PREDICT_FALSE
-                             (rxvq->desc[desc_head].len <
-                              sizeof (vring_desc_t)))
-                           {
-                             error =
-                               VHOST_USER_TX_FUNC_ERROR_INDIRECT_OVERFLOW;
-                             goto done;
-                           }
-                         if (PREDICT_FALSE
-                             (!(desc_table =
-                                map_guest_mem (vui,
-                                               rxvq->desc[desc_index].addr,
-                                               &map_guest_hint_desc))))
-                           {
-                             error = VHOST_USER_TX_FUNC_ERROR_MMAP_FAIL;
-                             goto done;
-                           }
-                         desc_index = 0;
-                         map_guest_hint_p = &map_guest_hint_indirect;
-                       }
-
                      if (PREDICT_FALSE
-                         (!(buffer_addr =
-                            map_guest_mem (vui, desc_table[desc_index].addr,
-                                           map_guest_hint_p))))
+                         (!(desc_table =
+                            map_guest_mem (vui,
+                                           rxvq->desc[desc_index].addr,
+                                           &map_hint))))
                        {
                          error = VHOST_USER_TX_FUNC_ERROR_MMAP_FAIL;
                          goto done;
                        }
-                     buffer_len = desc_table[desc_index].len;
-                     CLIB_PREFETCH (buffer_addr, CLIB_CACHE_LINE_BYTES,
-                                    STORE);
-                   }
-                 else
-                   {
-                     error = VHOST_USER_TX_FUNC_ERROR_PKT_DROP_NOMRG;
-                     goto done;
+                     desc_index = 0;
                    }
+                 buffer_map_addr = desc_table[desc_index].addr;
+                 buffer_len = desc_table[desc_index].len;
+               }
+             else
+               {
+                 error = VHOST_USER_TX_FUNC_ERROR_PKT_DROP_NOMRG;
+                 goto done;
                }
-
-             u16 bytes_to_copy = bytes_left;
-             bytes_to_copy =
-               (bytes_to_copy > buffer_len) ? buffer_len : bytes_to_copy;
-             clib_memcpy (buffer_addr,
-                          vlib_buffer_get_current (current_b0) +
-                          current_b0->current_length - bytes_left,
-                          bytes_to_copy);
-
-             vhost_user_log_dirty_pages (vui,
-                                         desc_table[desc_index].addr +
-                                         desc_table[desc_index].len -
-                                         bytes_left - bytes_to_copy,
-                                         bytes_to_copy);
-
-             CLIB_PREFETCH (rxvq, sizeof (*rxvq), STORE);
-             bytes_left -= bytes_to_copy;
-             buffer_len -= bytes_to_copy;
-             buffer_addr += bytes_to_copy;
-             desc_len += bytes_to_copy;
            }
 
-         //Move from available to used ring
-         rxvq->used->ring[rxvq->last_used_idx & qsz_mask].id = desc_head;
-         rxvq->used->ring[rxvq->last_used_idx & qsz_mask].len = desc_len;
-         vhost_user_log_dirty_ring (vui, rxvq,
-                                    ring[rxvq->last_used_idx & qsz_mask]);
+         {
+           vhost_copy_t *cpy = &vum->cpus[cpu_index].copy[copy_len];
+           copy_len++;
+           cpy->len = bytes_left;
+           cpy->len = (cpy->len > buffer_len) ? buffer_len : cpy->len;
+           cpy->dst = buffer_map_addr;
+           cpy->src = (uword) vlib_buffer_get_current (current_b0) +
+             current_b0->current_length - bytes_left;
+
+           bytes_left -= cpy->len;
+           buffer_len -= cpy->len;
+           buffer_map_addr += cpy->len;
+           desc_len += cpy->len;
+
+           CLIB_PREFETCH (&rxvq->desc, sizeof (&rxvq->desc), LOAD);
+         }
 
-         rxvq->last_avail_idx++;
-         rxvq->last_used_idx++;
+         // Check if vlib buffer has more data. If not, get more or break.
+         if (PREDICT_TRUE (!bytes_left))
+           {
+             if (PREDICT_FALSE
+                 (current_b0->flags & VLIB_BUFFER_NEXT_PRESENT))
+               {
+                 current_b0 = vlib_get_buffer (vm, current_b0->next_buffer);
+                 bytes_left = current_b0->current_length;
+               }
+             else
+               {
+                 //End of packet
+                 break;
+               }
+           }
+       }
 
-         if (PREDICT_FALSE (b0->flags & VLIB_BUFFER_IS_TRACED))
-           current_trace->hdr = *hdr;
+      //Move from available to used ring
+      rxvq->used->ring[rxvq->last_used_idx & qsz_mask].id = desc_head;
+      rxvq->used->ring[rxvq->last_used_idx & qsz_mask].len = desc_len;
+      vhost_user_log_dirty_ring (vui, rxvq,
+                                ring[rxvq->last_used_idx & qsz_mask]);
+      rxvq->last_avail_idx++;
+      rxvq->last_used_idx++;
 
-         buffers++;
-         n_left--;             //At the end for error counting when 'goto done' is invoked
+      if (PREDICT_FALSE (b0->flags & VLIB_BUFFER_IS_TRACED))
+       {
+         vum->cpus[cpu_index].current_trace->hdr =
+           vum->cpus[cpu_index].tx_headers[tx_headers_len - 1];
        }
 
-    done:
-      CLIB_MEMORY_BARRIER ();
-      rxvq->used->idx = rxvq->last_used_idx;
-      vhost_user_log_dirty_ring (vui, rxvq, idx);
+      n_left--;                        //At the end for error counting when 'goto done' is invoked
+      buffers++;
+    }
+
+done:
+  //Do the memory copies
+  if (PREDICT_FALSE
+      (vhost_user_tx_copy (vui, vum->cpus[cpu_index].copy,
+                          copy_len, &map_hint)))
+    {
+      clib_warning ("Memory mapping error on interface hw_if_index=%d "
+                   "(Shutting down - Switch interface down and up to restart)",
+                   vui->hw_if_index);
+      vui->admin_up = 0;
+    }
+
+  CLIB_MEMORY_BARRIER ();
+  rxvq->used->idx = rxvq->last_used_idx;
+  vhost_user_log_dirty_ring (vui, rxvq, idx);
+
+  /*
+   * When n_left is set, error is always set to something too.
+   * In case error is due to lack of remaining buffers, we go back up and
+   * retry.
+   * The idea is that it is better to waste some time on packets
+   * that have been processed already than dropping them and get
+   * more fresh packets with a good likelyhood that they will be dropped too.
+   * This technique also gives more time to VM driver to pick-up packets.
+   * In case the traffic flows from physical to virtual interfaces, this
+   * technique will end-up leveraging the physical NIC buffer in order to
+   * absorb the VM's CPU jitter.
+   */
+  if (n_left && (error == VHOST_USER_TX_FUNC_ERROR_PKT_DROP_NOBUF) && retry)
+    {
+      retry--;
+      goto retry;
     }
 
   /* interrupt (call) handling */
   if ((rxvq->callfd_idx != ~0) && !(rxvq->avail->flags & 1))
     {
-      rxvq->n_since_last_int += n_packets - n_left;
+      rxvq->n_since_last_int += frame->n_vectors - n_left;
 
       if (rxvq->n_since_last_int > vum->coalesce_frames)
        vhost_user_send_call (vm, rxvq);
     }
 
-done2:
   vhost_user_vring_unlock (vui, qid);
 
 done3: