Revert "fix(jobspec): Delete ipsec nfv density tests"
[csit.git] / resources / libraries / python / IPUtil.py
index de018b9..933fa34 100644 (file)
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
-# Copyright (c) 2019 Cisco and/or its affiliates.
+# Copyright (c) 2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates.
+# Copyright (c) 2023 PANTHEON.tech s.r.o.
 # Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 # you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 # You may obtain a copy of the License at:
 import re
 
 from enum import IntEnum
-from ipaddress import ip_address
+
+from ipaddress import ip_address, ip_network
 
 from resources.libraries.python.Constants import Constants
+from resources.libraries.python.IncrementUtil import ObjIncrement
 from resources.libraries.python.InterfaceUtil import InterfaceUtil
+from resources.libraries.python.IPAddress import IPAddress
 from resources.libraries.python.PapiExecutor import PapiSocketExecutor
 from resources.libraries.python.ssh import exec_cmd_no_error, exec_cmd
 from resources.libraries.python.topology import Topology
-from resources.libraries.python.VatExecutor import VatTerminal
+from resources.libraries.python.Namespaces import Namespaces
 
 
 # from vpp/src/vnet/vnet/mpls/mpls_types.h
@@ -31,12 +35,6 @@ MPLS_IETF_MAX_LABEL = 0xfffff
 MPLS_LABEL_INVALID = MPLS_IETF_MAX_LABEL + 1
 
 
-class AddressFamily(IntEnum):
-    """IP address family."""
-    ADDRESS_IP4 = 0
-    ADDRESS_IP6 = 1
-
-
 class FibPathType(IntEnum):
     """FIB path types."""
     FIB_PATH_TYPE_NORMAL = 0
@@ -55,7 +53,7 @@ class FibPathType(IntEnum):
 class FibPathFlags(IntEnum):
     """FIB path flags."""
     FIB_PATH_FLAG_NONE = 0
-    FIB_PATH_FLAG_RESOLVE_VIA_ATTACHED = 1  #pylint: disable=invalid-name
+    FIB_PATH_FLAG_RESOLVE_VIA_ATTACHED = 1
     FIB_PATH_FLAG_RESOLVE_VIA_HOST = 2
 
 
@@ -68,7 +66,98 @@ class FibPathNhProto(IntEnum):
     FIB_PATH_NH_PROTO_BIER = 4
 
 
-class IPUtil(object):
+class IpDscp(IntEnum):
+    """DSCP code points."""
+    IP_API_DSCP_CS0 = 0
+    IP_API_DSCP_CS1 = 8
+    IP_API_DSCP_AF11 = 10
+    IP_API_DSCP_AF12 = 12
+    IP_API_DSCP_AF13 = 14
+    IP_API_DSCP_CS2 = 16
+    IP_API_DSCP_AF21 = 18
+    IP_API_DSCP_AF22 = 20
+    IP_API_DSCP_AF23 = 22
+    IP_API_DSCP_CS3 = 24
+    IP_API_DSCP_AF31 = 26
+    IP_API_DSCP_AF32 = 28
+    IP_API_DSCP_AF33 = 30
+    IP_API_DSCP_CS4 = 32
+    IP_API_DSCP_AF41 = 34
+    IP_API_DSCP_AF42 = 36
+    IP_API_DSCP_AF43 = 38
+    IP_API_DSCP_CS5 = 40
+    IP_API_DSCP_EF = 46
+    IP_API_DSCP_CS6 = 48
+    IP_API_DSCP_CS7 = 50
+
+
+class NetworkIncrement(ObjIncrement):
+    """
+    An iterator object which accepts an IPv4Network or IPv6Network and
+    returns a new network, its address part incremented by the increment
+    number of network sizes, each time it is iterated or when inc_fmt is called.
+    The increment may be positive, negative or 0
+    (in which case the network is always the same).
+
+    Both initial and subsequent IP address can have host bits set,
+    check the initial value before creating instance if needed.
+    String formatting is configurable via constructor argument.
+    """
+    def __init__(self, initial_value, increment=1, format=u"dash"):
+        """
+        :param initial_value: The initial network. Can have host bits set.
+        :param increment: The current network will be incremented by this
+            amount of network sizes in each iteration/var_str call.
+        :param format: Type of formatting to use, "dash" or "slash" or "addr".
+        :type initial_value: Union[ipaddress.IPv4Network, ipaddress.IPv6Network]
+        :type increment: int
+        :type format: str
+        """
+        super().__init__(initial_value, increment)
+        self._prefix_len = self._value.prefixlen
+        host_len = self._value.max_prefixlen - self._prefix_len
+        self._net_increment = self._increment * (1 << host_len)
+        self._format = str(format).lower()
+
+    def _incr(self):
+        """
+        Increment the network, e.g.:
+        '30.0.0.0/24' incremented by 1 (the next network) is '30.0.1.0/24'.
+        '30.0.0.0/24' incremented by 2 is '30.0.2.0/24'.
+        """
+        self._value = ip_network(
+            f"{self._value.network_address + self._net_increment}"
+            f"/{self._prefix_len}", strict=False
+        )
+
+    def _str_fmt(self):
+        """
+        The string representation of the network depends on format.
+
+        Dash format is '<ip_address_start> - <ip_address_stop>',
+        useful for 'ipsec policy add spd' CLI.
+
+        Slash format is '<ip_address_start>/<prefix_length>',
+        useful for other CLI.
+
+        Addr format is '<ip_address_start>', useful for PAPI.
+
+        :returns: Current value converted to string according to format.
+        :rtype: str
+        :raises RuntimeError: If the format is not supported.
+        """
+        if self._format == u"dash":
+            return f"{self._value.network_address} - " \
+                   f"{self._value.broadcast_address}"
+        elif self._format == u"slash":
+            return f"{self._value.network_address}/{self._prefix_len}"
+        elif self._format == u"addr":
+            return f"{self._value.network_address}"
+
+        raise RuntimeError(f"Unsupported format {self._format}")
+
+
+class IPUtil:
     """Common IP utilities"""
 
     @staticmethod
@@ -81,7 +170,7 @@ class IPUtil(object):
         :returns: Integer representation of IP address.
         :rtype: int
         """
-        return int(ip_address(unicode(ip_str)))
+        return int(ip_address(ip_str))
 
     @staticmethod
     def int_to_ip(ip_int):
@@ -115,20 +204,16 @@ class IPUtil(object):
         if not sw_if_index:
             return list()
 
-        is_ipv6 = 1 if ip_version == 'ipv6' else 0
-
-        cmd = 'ip_address_dump'
-        args = dict(sw_if_index=sw_if_index,
-                    is_ipv6=is_ipv6)
-        err_msg = 'Failed to get L2FIB dump on host {host}'.format(
-            host=node['host'])
+        cmd = u"ip_address_dump"
+        args = dict(
+            sw_if_index=sw_if_index,
+            is_ipv6=bool(ip_version == u"ipv6")
+        )
+        err_msg = f"Failed to get L2FIB dump on host {node[u'host']}"
 
         with PapiSocketExecutor(node) as papi_exec:
             details = papi_exec.add(cmd, **args).get_details(err_msg)
 
-        # TODO: CSIT currently looks only whether the list is empty.
-        # Add proper value processing if values become important.
-
         return details
 
     @staticmethod
@@ -138,11 +223,28 @@ class IPUtil(object):
         :param node: VPP node.
         :type node: dict
         """
+        PapiSocketExecutor.run_cli_cmd(node, u"show ip fib")
+        PapiSocketExecutor.run_cli_cmd(node, u"show ip fib summary")
+        PapiSocketExecutor.run_cli_cmd(node, u"show ip6 fib")
+        PapiSocketExecutor.run_cli_cmd(node, u"show ip6 fib summary")
 
-        PapiSocketExecutor.run_cli_cmd(node, 'show ip fib')
-        PapiSocketExecutor.run_cli_cmd(node, 'show ip fib summary')
-        PapiSocketExecutor.run_cli_cmd(node, 'show ip6 fib')
-        PapiSocketExecutor.run_cli_cmd(node, 'show ip6 fib summary')
+    @staticmethod
+    def vpp_get_ip_table_summary(node):
+        """Get IPv4 FIB table summary on a VPP node.
+
+        :param node: VPP node.
+        :type node: dict
+        """
+        PapiSocketExecutor.run_cli_cmd(node, u"show ip fib summary")
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def vpp_get_ip_table(node):
+        """Get IPv4 FIB table on a VPP node.
+
+        :param node: VPP node.
+        :type node: dict
+        """
+        PapiSocketExecutor.run_cli_cmd(node, u"show ip fib")
 
     @staticmethod
     def vpp_get_ip_tables_prefix(node, address):
@@ -153,13 +255,12 @@ class IPUtil(object):
         :type node: dict
         :type address: str
         """
-        addr = ip_address(unicode(address))
+        addr = ip_address(address)
+        ip_ver = u"ip6" if addr.version == 6 else u"ip"
 
         PapiSocketExecutor.run_cli_cmd(
-            node, 'show {ip_ver} fib {addr}/{addr_len}'.format(
-                ip_ver='ip6' if addr.version == 6 else 'ip',
-                addr=addr,
-                addr_len=addr.max_prefixlen))
+            node, f"show {ip_ver} fib {addr}/{addr.max_prefixlen}"
+        )
 
     @staticmethod
     def get_interface_vrf_table(node, interface, ip_version='ipv4'):
@@ -176,18 +277,17 @@ class IPUtil(object):
         """
         sw_if_index = InterfaceUtil.get_interface_index(node, interface)
 
-        cmd = 'sw_interface_get_table'
+        cmd = u"sw_interface_get_table"
         args = dict(
             sw_if_index=sw_if_index,
-            is_ipv6=True if ip_version == 'ipv6' else False
+            is_ipv6=bool(ip_version == u"ipv6")
         )
-        err_msg = 'Failed to get VRF id assigned to interface {ifc}'.format(
-            ifc=interface)
+        err_msg = f"Failed to get VRF id assigned to interface {interface}"
 
         with PapiSocketExecutor(node) as papi_exec:
             reply = papi_exec.add(cmd, **args).get_reply(err_msg)
 
-        return reply['vrf_id']
+        return reply[u"vrf_id"]
 
     @staticmethod
     def vpp_ip_source_check_setup(node, if_name):
@@ -198,14 +298,13 @@ class IPUtil(object):
         :type node: dict
         :type if_name: str
         """
-        cmd = 'ip_source_check_interface_add_del'
+        cmd = u"ip_source_check_interface_add_del"
         args = dict(
             sw_if_index=InterfaceUtil.get_interface_index(node, if_name),
             is_add=1,
             loose=0
         )
-        err_msg = 'Failed to enable source check on interface {ifc}'.format(
-            ifc=if_name)
+        err_msg = f"Failed to enable source check on interface {if_name}"
         with PapiSocketExecutor(node) as papi_exec:
             papi_exec.add(cmd, **args).get_reply(err_msg)
 
@@ -220,12 +319,12 @@ class IPUtil(object):
         :type interface: str
         :type addr: str
         """
-        cmd = 'ip_probe_neighbor'
+        cmd = u"ip_probe_neighbor"
         args = dict(
             sw_if_index=InterfaceUtil.get_interface_index(node, interface),
-            dst=str(addr))
-        err_msg = 'VPP ip probe {dev} {ip} failed on {h}'.format(
-            dev=interface, ip=addr, h=node['host'])
+            dst=str(addr)
+        )
+        err_msg = f"VPP ip probe {interface} {addr} failed on {node[u'host']}"
 
         with PapiSocketExecutor(node) as papi_exec:
             papi_exec.add(cmd, **args).get_reply(err_msg)
@@ -239,43 +338,41 @@ class IPUtil(object):
         :type ip1: str
         :type ip2: str
         """
-        addr1 = ip_address(unicode(ip1))
-        addr2 = ip_address(unicode(ip2))
+        addr1 = ip_address(ip1)
+        addr2 = ip_address(ip2)
 
         if addr1 != addr2:
-            raise AssertionError('IP addresses are not equal: {0} != {1}'.
-                                 format(ip1, ip2))
+            raise AssertionError(f"IP addresses are not equal: {ip1} != {ip2}")
 
     @staticmethod
     def setup_network_namespace(node, namespace_name, interface_name,
-                                ip_addr, prefix):
+                                ip_addr_list, prefix_length):
         """Setup namespace on given node and attach interface and IP to
         this namespace. Applicable also on TG node.
 
         :param node: VPP node.
         :param namespace_name: Namespace name.
         :param interface_name: Interface name.
-        :param ip_addr: IP address of namespace's interface.
-        :param prefix: IP address prefix length.
+        :param ip_addr_list: List of IP addresses of namespace's interface.
+        :param prefix_length: IP address prefix length.
         :type node: dict
         :type namespace_name: str
         :type interface_name: str
-        :type ip_addr: str
-        :type prefix: int
+        :type ip_addr_list: list
+        :type prefix_length: int
         """
-        cmd = ('ip netns add {0}'.format(namespace_name))
-        exec_cmd_no_error(node, cmd, sudo=True)
+        Namespaces.create_namespace(node, namespace_name)
 
-        cmd = ('ip link set dev {0} up netns {1}'.format(interface_name,
-                                                         namespace_name))
+        cmd = f"ip netns exec {namespace_name} ip link set {interface_name} up"
         exec_cmd_no_error(node, cmd, sudo=True)
 
-        cmd = ('ip netns exec {0} ip addr add {1}/{2} dev {3}'.format(
-            namespace_name, ip_addr, prefix, interface_name))
-        exec_cmd_no_error(node, cmd, sudo=True)
+        for ip_addr in ip_addr_list:
+            cmd = f"ip netns exec {namespace_name} ip addr add " \
+                f"{ip_addr}/{prefix_length} dev {interface_name}"
+            exec_cmd_no_error(node, cmd, sudo=True)
 
     @staticmethod
-    def linux_enable_forwarding(node, ip_ver='ipv4'):
+    def linux_enable_forwarding(node, ip_ver=u"ipv4"):
         """Enable forwarding on a Linux node, e.g. VM.
 
         :param node: VPP node.
@@ -283,7 +380,7 @@ class IPUtil(object):
         :type node: dict
         :type ip_ver: str
         """
-        cmd = 'sysctl -w net.{0}.ip_forward=1'.format(ip_ver)
+        cmd = f"sysctl -w net.{ip_ver}.ip_forward=1"
         exec_cmd_no_error(node, cmd, sudo=True)
 
     @staticmethod
@@ -298,15 +395,16 @@ class IPUtil(object):
         :rtype: str
         :raises RuntimeError: If cannot get the information about interfaces.
         """
-        regex_intf_info = r"pci@" \
-                          r"([0-9a-f]{4}:[0-9a-f]{2}:[0-9a-f]{2}.[0-9a-f])\s*" \
-                          r"([a-zA-Z0-9]*)\s*network"
+        regex_intf_info = \
+            r"pci@([0-9a-f]{4}:[0-9a-f]{2}:[0-9a-f]{2}.[0-9a-f])\s" \
+            r"*([a-zA-Z0-9]*)\s*network"
 
-        cmd = "lshw -class network -businfo"
+        cmd = u"lshw -class network -businfo"
         ret_code, stdout, stderr = exec_cmd(node, cmd, timeout=30, sudo=True)
         if ret_code != 0:
-            raise RuntimeError('Could not get information about interfaces:\n'
-                               '{err}'.format(err=stderr))
+            raise RuntimeError(
+                f"Could not get information about interfaces:\n{stderr}"
+            )
 
         for line in stdout.splitlines()[2:]:
             try:
@@ -317,21 +415,27 @@ class IPUtil(object):
         return None
 
     @staticmethod
-    def set_linux_interface_up(node, interface):
+    def set_linux_interface_up(
+            node, interface, namespace=None):
         """Set the specified interface up.
-
         :param node: VPP/TG node.
         :param interface: Interface in namespace.
+        :param namespace: Execute command in namespace. Optional
         :type node: dict
         :type interface: str
+        :type namespace: str
         :raises RuntimeError: If the interface could not be set up.
         """
-        cmd = "ip link set {0} up".format(interface)
+        if namespace is not None:
+            cmd = f"ip netns exec {namespace} ip link set dev {interface} up"
+        else:
+            cmd = f"ip link set dev {interface} up"
         exec_cmd_no_error(node, cmd, timeout=30, sudo=True)
 
+
     @staticmethod
-    def set_linux_interface_ip(node, interface, ip_addr, prefix,
-                               namespace=None):
+    def set_linux_interface_ip(
+            node, interface, ip_addr, prefix, namespace=None):
         """Set IP address to interface in linux.
 
         :param node: VPP/TG node.
@@ -347,14 +451,69 @@ class IPUtil(object):
         :raises RuntimeError: IP could not be set.
         """
         if namespace is not None:
-            cmd = 'ip netns exec {ns} ip addr add {ip}/{p} dev {dev}'.format(
-                ns=namespace, ip=ip_addr, p=prefix, dev=interface)
+            cmd = f"ip netns exec {namespace} ip addr add {ip_addr}/{prefix}" \
+                f" dev {interface}"
+        else:
+            cmd = f"ip addr add {ip_addr}/{prefix} dev {interface}"
+
+        exec_cmd_no_error(node, cmd, timeout=5, sudo=True)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def delete_linux_interface_ip(
+            node, interface, ip_addr, prefix_length, namespace=None):
+        """Delete IP address from interface in linux.
+
+        :param node: VPP/TG node.
+        :param interface: Interface in namespace.
+        :param ip_addr: IP to be deleted from interface.
+        :param prefix_length: IP prefix length.
+        :param namespace: Execute command in namespace. Optional
+        :type node: dict
+        :type interface: str
+        :type ip_addr: str
+        :type prefix_length: int
+        :type namespace: str
+        :raises RuntimeError: IP could not be deleted.
+        """
+        if namespace is not None:
+            cmd = f"ip netns exec {namespace} ip addr del " \
+                f"{ip_addr}/{prefix_length} dev {interface}"
         else:
-            cmd = 'ip addr add {ip}/{p} dev {dev}'.format(
-                ip=ip_addr, p=prefix, dev=interface)
+            cmd = f"ip addr del {ip_addr}/{prefix_length} dev {interface}"
 
         exec_cmd_no_error(node, cmd, timeout=5, sudo=True)
 
+    @staticmethod
+    def linux_interface_has_ip(
+            node, interface, ip_addr, prefix_length, namespace=None):
+        """Return True if interface in linux has IP address.
+
+        :param node: VPP/TG node.
+        :param interface: Interface in namespace.
+        :param ip_addr: IP to be queried on interface.
+        :param prefix_length: IP prefix length.
+        :param namespace: Execute command in namespace. Optional
+        :type node: dict
+        :type interface: str
+        :type ip_addr: str
+        :type prefix_length: int
+        :type namespace: str
+        :rtype: boolean
+        :raises RuntimeError: Request fails.
+        """
+        ip_addr_with_prefix = f"{ip_addr}/{prefix_length}"
+        if namespace is not None:
+            cmd = f"ip netns exec {namespace} ip addr show dev {interface}"
+        else:
+            cmd = f"ip addr show dev {interface}"
+
+        cmd += u" | grep 'inet ' | awk -e '{print $2}'"
+        cmd += f" | grep '{ip_addr_with_prefix}'"
+        _, stdout, _ = exec_cmd(node, cmd, timeout=5, sudo=True)
+
+        has_ip = stdout.rstrip()
+        return bool(has_ip == ip_addr_with_prefix)
+
     @staticmethod
     def add_linux_route(node, ip_addr, prefix, gateway, namespace=None):
         """Add linux route in namespace.
@@ -371,15 +530,16 @@ class IPUtil(object):
         :type namespace: str
         """
         if namespace is not None:
-            cmd = 'ip netns exec {} ip route add {}/{} via {}'.format(
-                namespace, ip_addr, prefix, gateway)
+            cmd = f"ip netns exec {namespace} ip route add {ip_addr}/{prefix}" \
+                f" via {gateway}"
         else:
-            cmd = 'ip route add {}/{} via {}'.format(ip_addr, prefix, gateway)
+            cmd = f"ip route add {ip_addr}/{prefix} via {gateway}"
+
         exec_cmd_no_error(node, cmd, sudo=True)
 
     @staticmethod
-    def vpp_interface_set_ip_address(node, interface, address,
-                                     prefix_length=None):
+    def vpp_interface_set_ip_address(
+            node, interface, address, prefix_length=None):
         """Set IP address to VPP interface.
 
         :param node: VPP node.
@@ -391,9 +551,9 @@ class IPUtil(object):
         :type address: str
         :type prefix_length: int
         """
-        ip_addr = ip_address(unicode(address))
+        ip_addr = ip_address(address)
 
-        cmd = 'sw_interface_add_del_address'
+        cmd = u"sw_interface_add_del_address"
         args = dict(
             sw_if_index=InterfaceUtil.get_interface_index(node, interface),
             is_add=True,
@@ -401,13 +561,32 @@ class IPUtil(object):
             prefix=IPUtil.create_prefix_object(
                 ip_addr,
                 prefix_length if prefix_length else 128
-                if ip_addr.version == 6 else 32)
+                if ip_addr.version == 6 else 32
+            )
         )
-        err_msg = 'Failed to add IP address on interface {ifc}'.format(
-            ifc=interface)
+        err_msg = f"Failed to add IP address on interface {interface}"
+
         with PapiSocketExecutor(node) as papi_exec:
             papi_exec.add(cmd, **args).get_reply(err_msg)
 
+    @staticmethod
+    def vpp_interface_set_ip_addresses(node, interface, ip_addr_list,
+                                       prefix_length=None):
+        """Set IP addresses to VPP interface.
+
+        :param node: VPP node.
+        :param interface: Interface name.
+        :param ip_addr_list: IP addresses.
+        :param prefix_length: Prefix length.
+        :type node: dict
+        :type interface: str
+        :type ip_addr_list: list
+        :type prefix_length: int
+        """
+        for ip_addr in ip_addr_list:
+            IPUtil.vpp_interface_set_ip_address(node, interface, ip_addr,
+                                                prefix_length)
+
     @staticmethod
     def vpp_add_ip_neighbor(node, iface_key, ip_addr, mac_address):
         """Add IP neighbor on DUT node.
@@ -421,61 +600,36 @@ class IPUtil(object):
         :type ip_addr: str
         :type mac_address: str
         """
-        dst_ip = ip_address(unicode(ip_addr))
+        dst_ip = ip_address(ip_addr)
 
         neighbor = dict(
             sw_if_index=Topology.get_interface_sw_index(node, iface_key),
             flags=0,
             mac_address=str(mac_address),
-            ip_address=str(dst_ip))
-        cmd = 'ip_neighbor_add_del'
+            ip_address=str(dst_ip)
+        )
+        cmd = u"ip_neighbor_add_del"
         args = dict(
-            is_add=1,
-            neighbor=neighbor)
-        err_msg = 'Failed to add IP neighbor on interface {ifc}'.format(
-            ifc=iface_key)
+            is_add=True,
+            neighbor=neighbor
+        )
+        err_msg = f"Failed to add IP neighbor on interface {iface_key}"
+
         with PapiSocketExecutor(node) as papi_exec:
             papi_exec.add(cmd, **args).get_reply(err_msg)
 
-    @staticmethod
-    def union_addr(ip_addr):
-        """Creates union IP address.
-
-        :param ip_addr: IPv4 or IPv6 address.
-        :type ip_addr: IPv4Address or IPv6Address
-        :returns: Union IP address.
-        :rtype: dict
-        """
-        return dict(ip6=ip_addr.packed) if ip_addr.version == 6 \
-            else dict(ip4=ip_addr.packed)
-
-    @staticmethod
-    def create_ip_address_object(ip_addr):
-        """Create IP address object.
-
-        :param ip_addr: IPv4 or IPv6 address
-        :type ip_addr: IPv4Address or IPv6Address
-        :returns: IP address object.
-        :rtype: dict
-        """
-        return dict(
-            af=getattr(
-                AddressFamily, 'ADDRESS_IP6' if ip_addr.version == 6
-                else 'ADDRESS_IP4').value,
-            un=IPUtil.union_addr(ip_addr))
-
     @staticmethod
     def create_prefix_object(ip_addr, addr_len):
         """Create prefix object.
 
         :param ip_addr: IPv4 or IPv6 address.
-        :para, addr_len: Length of IP address.
+        :param addr_len: Length of IP address.
         :type ip_addr: IPv4Address or IPv6Address
         :type addr_len: int
         :returns: Prefix object.
         :rtype: dict
         """
-        addr = IPUtil.create_ip_address_object(ip_addr)
+        addr = IPAddress.create_ip_address_object(ip_addr)
 
         return dict(
             len=int(addr_len),
@@ -496,10 +650,10 @@ class IPUtil(object):
             vrf: VRF table ID. (int)
             count: number of IP addresses to add starting from network IP (int)
             local: The route is local with same prefix (increment is 1).
-                If None, then is not used. (bool)
+            If None, then is not used. (bool)
             lookup_vrf: VRF table ID for lookup. (int)
-            multipath: Enable multipath routing. (bool)
             weight: Weight value for unequal cost multipath routing. (int)
+            (Multipath value enters at higher level.)
 
         :type node: dict
         :type network: str
@@ -508,36 +662,37 @@ class IPUtil(object):
         :returns: route parameter basic structure
         :rtype: dict
         """
-        interface = kwargs.get('interface', '')
-        gateway = kwargs.get('gateway', '')
+        interface = kwargs.get(u"interface", u"")
+        gateway = kwargs.get(u"gateway", u"")
 
-        net_addr = ip_address(unicode(network))
+        net_addr = ip_address(network)
 
         prefix = IPUtil.create_prefix_object(net_addr, prefix_len)
 
         paths = list()
         n_hop = dict(
-            address=IPUtil.union_addr(ip_address(unicode(gateway))) if gateway
-            else 0,
+            address=IPAddress.union_addr(ip_address(gateway)) if gateway else 0,
             via_label=MPLS_LABEL_INVALID,
             obj_id=Constants.BITWISE_NON_ZERO
         )
         path = dict(
             sw_if_index=InterfaceUtil.get_interface_index(node, interface)
             if interface else Constants.BITWISE_NON_ZERO,
-            table_id=int(kwargs.get('lookup_vrf', 0)),
+            table_id=int(kwargs.get(u"lookup_vrf", 0)),
             rpf_id=Constants.BITWISE_NON_ZERO,
-            weight=int(kwargs.get('weight', 1)),
+            weight=int(kwargs.get(u"weight", 1)),
             preference=1,
             type=getattr(
-                FibPathType, 'FIB_PATH_TYPE_LOCAL'
-                if kwargs.get('local', False)
-                else 'FIB_PATH_TYPE_NORMAL').value,
-            flags=getattr(FibPathFlags, 'FIB_PATH_FLAG_NONE').value,
+                FibPathType, u"FIB_PATH_TYPE_LOCAL"
+                if kwargs.get(u"local", False)
+                else u"FIB_PATH_TYPE_NORMAL"
+            ).value,
+            flags=getattr(FibPathFlags, u"FIB_PATH_FLAG_NONE").value,
             proto=getattr(
-                FibPathNhProto, 'FIB_PATH_NH_PROTO_IP6'
+                FibPathNhProto, u"FIB_PATH_NH_PROTO_IP6"
                 if net_addr.version == 6
-                else 'FIB_PATH_NH_PROTO_IP4').value,
+                else u"FIB_PATH_NH_PROTO_IP4"
+            ).value,
             nh=n_hop,
             n_labels=0,
             label_stack=list(0 for _ in range(16))
@@ -545,7 +700,7 @@ class IPUtil(object):
         paths.append(path)
 
         route = dict(
-            table_id=int(kwargs.get('vrf', 0)),
+            table_id=int(kwargs.get(u"vrf", 0)),
             prefix=prefix,
             n_paths=len(paths),
             paths=paths
@@ -553,66 +708,52 @@ class IPUtil(object):
         return route
 
     @staticmethod
-    def vpp_route_add(node, network, prefix_len, **kwargs):
-        """Add route to the VPP node.
+    def vpp_route_add(node, network, prefix_len, strict=True, **kwargs):
+        """Add route to the VPP node. Prefer multipath behavior.
 
         :param node: VPP node.
         :param network: Route destination network address.
         :param prefix_len: Route destination network prefix length.
+        :param strict: If true, fail if address has host bits set.
         :param kwargs: Optional key-value arguments:
 
             gateway: Route gateway address. (str)
             interface: Route interface. (str)
             vrf: VRF table ID. (int)
             count: number of IP addresses to add starting from network IP (int)
-            local: The route is local with same prefix (increment is 1).
-                If None, then is not used. (bool)
+            local: The route is local with same prefix (increment is 1 network)
+            If None, then is not used. (bool)
             lookup_vrf: VRF table ID for lookup. (int)
-            multipath: Enable multipath routing. (bool)
+            multipath: Enable multipath routing. (bool) Default: True.
             weight: Weight value for unequal cost multipath routing. (int)
 
         :type node: dict
         :type network: str
         :type prefix_len: int
+        :type strict: bool
         :type kwargs: dict
+        :raises RuntimeError: If the argument combination is not supported.
         """
-        count = kwargs.get("count", 1)
-
-        if count > 100:
-            gateway = kwargs.get("gateway", '')
-            interface = kwargs.get("interface", '')
-            vrf = kwargs.get("vrf", None)
-            multipath = kwargs.get("multipath", False)
-
-            with VatTerminal(node, json_param=False) as vat:
-                vat.vat_terminal_exec_cmd_from_template(
-                    'vpp_route_add.vat',
-                    network=network,
-                    prefix_length=prefix_len,
-                    via='via {}'.format(gateway) if gateway else '',
-                    sw_if_index='sw_if_index {}'.format(
-                        InterfaceUtil.get_interface_index(node, interface))
-                    if interface else '',
-                    vrf='vrf {}'.format(vrf) if vrf else '',
-                    count='count {}'.format(count) if count else '',
-                    multipath='multipath' if multipath else '')
-            return
-
-        net_addr = ip_address(unicode(network))
-        cmd = 'ip_route_add_del'
+        count = kwargs.get(u"count", 1)
+
+        cmd = u"ip_route_add_del"
         args = dict(
-            is_add=1,
-            is_multipath=int(kwargs.get('multipath', False)),
+            is_add=True,
+            is_multipath=kwargs.get(u"multipath", True),
             route=None
         )
+        err_msg = f"Failed to add route(s) on host {node[u'host']}"
 
-        err_msg = 'Failed to add route(s) on host {host}'.format(
-            host=node['host'])
-        with PapiSocketExecutor(node) as papi_exec:
-            for i in xrange(kwargs.get('count', 1)):
-                args['route'] = IPUtil.compose_vpp_route_structure(
-                    node, net_addr + i, prefix_len, **kwargs)
-                history = False if 1 < i < kwargs.get('count', 1) else True
+        netiter = NetworkIncrement(
+            ip_network(f"{network}/{prefix_len}", strict=strict),
+            format=u"addr"
+        )
+        with PapiSocketExecutor(node, is_async=True) as papi_exec:
+            for i in range(count):
+                args[u"route"] = IPUtil.compose_vpp_route_structure(
+                    node, netiter.inc_fmt(), prefix_len, **kwargs
+                )
+                history = bool(not 0 < i < count - 1)
                 papi_exec.add(cmd, history=history, **args)
             papi_exec.get_replies(err_msg)
 
@@ -625,14 +766,14 @@ class IPUtil(object):
         :type node: dict
         :type interface: str
         """
-        cmd = 'sw_interface_add_del_address'
+        cmd = u"sw_interface_add_del_address"
         args = dict(
             sw_if_index=InterfaceUtil.get_interface_index(node, interface),
             is_add=False,
             del_all=True
         )
-        err_msg = 'Failed to flush IP address on interface {ifc}'.format(
-            ifc=interface)
+        err_msg = f"Failed to flush IP address on interface {interface}"
+
         with PapiSocketExecutor(node) as papi_exec:
             papi_exec.add(cmd, **args).get_reply(err_msg)
 
@@ -647,14 +788,16 @@ class IPUtil(object):
         :type table_id: int
         :type ipv6: bool
         """
-        cmd = 'ip_table_add_del'
+        cmd = u"ip_table_add_del"
         table = dict(
             table_id=int(table_id),
-            is_ip6=int(ipv6))
+            is_ip6=ipv6
+        )
         args = dict(
             table=table,
-            is_add=1)
-        err_msg = 'Failed to add FIB table on host {host}'.format(
-            host=node['host'])
+            is_add=True
+        )
+        err_msg = f"Failed to add FIB table on host {node[u'host']}"
+
         with PapiSocketExecutor(node) as papi_exec:
             papi_exec.add(cmd, **args).get_reply(err_msg)