#!/usr/bin/env python import binascii import random import socket import unittest from scapy.contrib.mpls import MPLS from scapy.layers.inet import IP, UDP, TCP, ICMP, icmptypes, icmpcodes from scapy.layers.l2 import Ether, Dot1Q, ARP from scapy.packet import Raw from six import moves from framework import VppTestCase, VppTestRunner from util import ppp from vpp_ip_route import VppIpRoute, VppRoutePath, VppIpMRoute, \ VppMRoutePath, MRouteItfFlags, MRouteEntryFlags, VppMplsIpBind, \ VppMplsTable, VppIpTable, VppIpAddress from vpp_sub_interface import VppSubInterface, VppDot1QSubint, VppDot1ADSubint class TestIPv4(VppTestCase): """ IPv4 Test Case """ def setUp(self): """ Perform test setup before test case. **Config:** - create 3 pg interfaces - untagged pg0 interface - Dot1Q subinterface on pg1 - Dot1AD subinterface on pg2 - setup interfaces: - put it into UP state - set IPv4 addresses - resolve neighbor address using ARP - configure 200 fib entries :ivar list interfaces: pg interfaces and subinterfaces. :ivar dict flows: IPv4 packet flows in test. """ super(TestIPv4, self).setUp() # create 3 pg interfaces self.create_pg_interfaces(range(3)) # create 2 subinterfaces for pg1 and pg2 self.sub_interfaces = [ VppDot1QSubint(self, self.pg1, 100), VppDot1ADSubint(self, self.pg2, 200, 300, 400)] # packet flows mapping pg0 -> pg1.sub, pg2.sub, etc. self.flows = dict() self.flows[self.pg0] = [self.pg1.sub_if, self.pg2.sub_if] self.flows[self.pg1.sub_if] = [self.pg0, self.pg2.sub_if] self.flows[self.pg2.sub_if] = [self.pg0, self.pg1.sub_if] # packet sizes self.pg_if_packet_sizes = [64, 1500, 9020] self.interfaces = list(self.pg_interfaces) self.interfaces.extend(self.sub_interfaces) # setup all interfaces for i in self.interfaces: i.admin_up() i.config_ip4() i.resolve_arp() # config 2M FIB entries self.config_fib_entries(200) def tearDown(self): """Run standard test teardown and log ``show ip arp``.""" super(TestIPv4, self).tearDown() if not self.vpp_dead: self.logger.info(self.vapi.cli("show ip arp")) # info(self.vapi.cli("show ip fib")) # many entries def config_fib_entries(self, count): """For each interface add to the FIB table *count* routes to "10.0.0.1/32" destination with interface's local address as next-hop address. :param int count: Number of FIB entries. - *TODO:* check if the next-hop address shouldn't be remote address instead of local address. """ n_int = len(self.interfaces) percent = 0 counter = 0.0 dest_addr = socket.inet_pton(socket.AF_INET, "10.0.0.1") dest_addr_len = 32 for i in self.interfaces: next_hop_address = i.local_ip4n for j in range(count / n_int): self.vapi.ip_add_del_route( dest_addr, dest_addr_len, next_hop_address) counter += 1 if counter / count * 100 > percent: self.logger.info("Configure %d FIB entries .. %d%% done" % (count, percent)) percent += 1 def modify_packet(self, src_if, packet_size, pkt): """Add load, set destination IP and extend packet to required packet size for defined interface. :param VppInterface src_if: Interface to create packet for. :param int packet_size: Required packet size. :param Scapy pkt: Packet to be modified. """ dst_if_idx = packet_size / 10 % 2 dst_if = self.flows[src_if][dst_if_idx] info = self.create_packet_info(src_if, dst_if) payload = self.info_to_payload(info) p = pkt/Raw(payload) p[IP].dst = dst_if.remote_ip4 info.data = p.copy() if isinstance(src_if, VppSubInterface): p = src_if.add_dot1_layer(p) self.extend_packet(p, packet_size) return p def create_stream(self, src_if): """Create input packet stream for defined interface. :param VppInterface src_if: Interface to create packet stream for. """ hdr_ext = 4 if isinstance(src_if, VppSubInterface) else 0 pkt_tmpl = (Ether(dst=src_if.local_mac, src=src_if.remote_mac) / IP(src=src_if.remote_ip4) / UDP(sport=1234, dport=1234)) pkts = [self.modify_packet(src_if, i, pkt_tmpl) for i in moves.range(self.pg_if_packet_sizes[0], self.pg_if_packet_sizes[1], 10)] pkts_b = [self.modify_packet(src_if, i, pkt_tmpl) for i in moves.range(self.pg_if_packet_sizes[1] + hdr_ext, self.pg_if_packet_sizes[2] + hdr_ext, 50)] pkts.extend(pkts_b) return pkts def verify_capture(self, dst_if, capture): """Verify captured input packet stream for defined interface. :param VppInterface dst_if: Interface to verify captured packet stream for. :param list capture: Captured packet stream. """ self.logger.info("Verifying capture on interface %s" % dst_if.name) last_info = dict() for i in self.interfaces: last_info[i.sw_if_index] = None is_sub_if = False dst_sw_if_index = dst_if.sw_if_index if hasattr(dst_if, 'parent'): is_sub_if = True for packet in capture: if is_sub_if: # Check VLAN tags and Ethernet header packet = dst_if.remove_dot1_layer(packet) self.assertTrue(Dot1Q not in packet) try: ip = packet[IP] udp = packet[UDP] payload_info = self.payload_to_info(str(packet[Raw])) packet_index = payload_info.index self.assertEqual(payload_info.dst, dst_sw_if_index) self.logger.debug( "Got packet on port %s: src=%u (id=%u)" % (dst_if.name, payload_info.src, packet_index)) next_info = self.get_next_packet_info_for_interface2( payload_info.src, dst_sw_if_index, last_info[payload_info.src]) last_info[payload_info.src] = next_info self.assertTrue(next_info is not None) self.assertEqual(packet_index, next_info.index) saved_packet = next_info.data # Check standard fields self.assertEqual(ip.src, saved_packet[IP].src) self.assertEqual(ip.dst, saved_packet[IP].dst) self.assertEqual(udp.sport, saved_packet[UDP].sport) self.assertEqual(udp.dport, saved_packet[UDP].dport) except: self.logger.error(ppp("Unexpected or invalid packet:", packet)) raise for i in self.interfaces: remaining_packet = self.get_next_packet_info_for_interface2( i.sw_if_index, dst_sw_if_index, last_info[i.sw_if_index]) self.assertTrue(remaining_packet is None, "Interface %s: Packet expected from interface %s " "didn't arrive" % (dst_if.name, i.name)) def test_fib(self): """ IPv4 FIB test Test scenario: - Create IPv4 stream for pg0 interface - Create IPv4 tagged streams for pg1's and pg2's sub-interface. - Send and verify received packets on each interface. """ pkts = self.create_stream(self.pg0) self.pg0.add_stream(pkts) for i in self.sub_interfaces: pkts = self.create_stream(i) i.parent.add_stream(pkts) self.pg_enable_capture(self.pg_interfaces) self.pg_start() pkts = self.pg0.get_capture() self.verify_capture(self.pg0, pkts) for i in self.sub_interfaces: pkts = i.parent.get_capture() self.verify_capture(i, pkts) class TestICMPEcho(VppTestCase): """ ICMP Echo Test Case """ def setUp(self): super(TestICMPEcho, self).setUp() # create 1 pg interface self.create_pg_interfaces(range(1)) for i in self.pg_interfaces: i.admin_up() i.config_ip4() i.resolve_arp() def tearDown(self): super(TestICMPEcho, self).tearDown() for i in self.pg_interfaces: i.unconfig_ip4() i.admin_down() def test_icmp_echo(self): """ VPP replies to ICMP Echo Request Test scenario: - Receive ICMP Echo Request message on pg0 interface. - Check outgoing ICMP Echo Reply message on pg0 interface. """ icmp_id = 0xb icmp_seq = 5 icmp_load = '\x0a' * 18 p_echo_request = (Ether(src=self.pg0.remote_mac, dst=self.pg0.local_mac) / IP(src=self.pg0.remote_ip4, dst=self.pg0.local_ip4) / ICMP(id=icmp_id, seq=icmp_seq) / Raw(load=icmp_load)) self.pg0.add_stream(p_echo_request) self.pg_enable_capture(self.pg_interfaces) self.pg_start() rx = self.pg0.get_capture(1) rx = rx[0] ether = rx[Ether] ipv4 = rx[IP] icmp = rx[ICMP] self.assertEqual(ether.src, self.pg0.local_mac) self.assertEqual(ether.dst, self.pg0.remote_mac) self.assertEqual(ipv4.src, self.pg0.local_ip4) self.assertEqual(ipv4.dst, self.pg0.remote_ip4) self.assertEqual(icmptypes[icmp.type], "echo-reply") self.assertEqual(icmp.id, icmp_id) self.assertEqual(icmp.seq, icmp_seq) self.assertEqual(icmp[Raw].load, icmp_load) class TestIPv4FibCrud(VppTestCase): """ FIB - add/update/delete - ip4 routes Test scenario: - add 1k, - del 100, - add new 1k, - del 1.5k ..note:: Python API is too slow to add many routes, needs replacement. """ def config_fib_many_to_one(self, start_dest_addr, next_hop_addr, count): """ :param start_dest_addr: :param next_hop_addr: :param count: :return list: added ips with 32 prefix """ added_ips = [] dest_addr = int(binascii.hexlify(socket.inet_pton(socket.AF_INET, start_dest_addr)), 16) dest_addr_len = 32 n_next_hop_addr = socket.inet_pton(socket.AF_INET, next_hop_addr) for _ in range(count): n_dest_addr = '{:08x}'.format(dest_addr).decode('hex') self.vapi.ip_add_del_route(n_dest_addr, dest_addr_len, n_next_hop_addr) added_ips.append(socket.inet_ntoa(n_dest_addr)) dest_addr += 1 return added_ips def unconfig_fib_many_to_one(self, start_dest_addr, next_hop_addr, count): removed_ips = [] dest_addr = int(binascii.hexlify(socket.inet_pton(socket.AF_INET, start_dest_addr)), 16) dest_addr_len = 32 n_next_hop_addr = socket.inet_pton(socket.AF_INET, next_hop_addr) for _ in range(count): n_dest_addr = '{:08x}'.format(dest_addr).decode('hex') self.vapi.ip_add_del_route(n_dest_addr, dest_addr_len, n_next_hop_addr, is_add=0) removed_ips.append(socket.inet_ntoa(n_dest_addr)) dest_addr += 1 return removed_ips def create_stream(self, src_if, dst_if, dst_ips, count): pkts = [] for _ in range(count): dst_addr = random.choice(dst_ips) info = self.create_packet_info(src_if, dst_if) payload = self.info_to_payload(info) p = (Ether(dst=src_if.local_mac, src=src_if.remote_mac) / IP(src=src_if.remote_ip4, dst=dst_addr) / UDP(sport=1234, dport=1234) / Raw(payload)) info.data = p.copy() self.extend_packet(p, random.choice(self.pg_if_packet_sizes)) pkts.append(p) return pkts def _find_ip_match(self, find_in, pkt): for p in find_in: if self.payload_to_info(str(p[Raw])) == \ self.payload_to_info(str(pkt[Raw])): if p[IP].src != pkt[IP].src: break if p[IP].dst != pkt[IP].dst: break if p[UDP].sport != pkt[UDP].sport: break if p[UDP].dport != pkt[UDP].dport: break return p return None @staticmethod def _match_route_detail(route_detail, ip, address_length=32, table_id=0): if route_detail.address == socket.inet_pton(socket.AF_INET, ip): if route_detail.table_id != table_id: return False elif route_detail.address_length != address_length: return False else: return True else: return False def verify_capture(self, dst_interface, received_pkts, expected_pkts): self.assertEqual(len(received_pkts), len(expected_pkts)) to_verify = list(expected_pkts) for p in received_pkts: self.assertEqual(p.src, dst_interface.local_mac) self.assertEqual(p.dst, dst_interface.remote_mac) x = self._find_ip_match(to_verify, p) to_verify.remove(x) self.assertListEqual(to_verify, []) def verify_route_dump(self, fib_dump, ips): def _ip_in_route_dump(ip, fib_dump): return next((route for route in fib_dump if self._match_route_detail(route, ip)), False) for ip in ips: self.assertTrue(_ip_in_route_dump(ip, fib_dump), 'IP {} is not in fib dump.'.format(ip)) def verify_not_in_route_dump(self, fib_dump, ips): def _ip_in_route_dump(ip, fib_dump): return next((route for route in fib_dump if self._match_route_detail(route, ip)), False) for ip in ips: self.assertFalse(_ip_in_route_dump(ip, fib_dump), 'IP {} is in fib dump.'.format(ip)) @classmethod def setUpClass(cls): """ #. Create and initialize 3 pg interfaces. #. initialize class attributes configured_routes and deleted_routes to store information between tests. """ super(TestIPv4FibCrud, cls).setUpClass() try: # create 3 pg interfaces cls.create_pg_interfaces(range(3)) cls.interfaces = list(cls.pg_interfaces) # setup all interfaces for i in cls.interfaces: i.admin_up() i.config_ip4() i.resolve_arp() cls.configured_routes = [] cls.deleted_routes = [] cls.pg_if_packet_sizes = [64, 512, 1518, 9018] except Exception: super(TestIPv4FibCrud, cls).tearDownClass() raise def setUp(self): super(TestIPv4FibCrud, self).setUp() self.reset_packet_infos() def test_1_add_routes(self): """ Add 1k routes - add 100 routes check with traffic script. """ # config 1M FIB entries self.configured_routes.extend(self.config_fib_many_to_one( "10.0.0.0", self.pg0.remote_ip4, 100)) fib_dump = self.vapi.ip_fib_dump() self.verify_route_dump(fib_dump, self.configured_routes) self.stream_1 = self.create_stream( self.pg1, self.pg0, self.configured_routes, 100) self.stream_2 = self.create_stream( self.pg2, self.pg0, self.configured_routes, 100) self.pg1.add_stream(self.stream_1) self.pg2.add_stream(self.stream_2) self.pg_enable_capture(self.pg_interfaces) self.pg_start() pkts = self.pg0.get_capture(len(self.stream_1) + len(self.stream_2)) self.verify_capture(self.pg0, pkts, self.stream_1 + self.stream_2) def test_2_del_routes(self): """ Delete 100 routes - delete 10 routes check with traffic script. """ self.deleted_routes.extend(self.unconfig_fib_many_to_one( "10.0.0.10", self.pg0.remote_ip4, 10)) for x in self.deleted_routes: self.configured_routes.remove(x) fib_dump = self.vapi.ip_fib_dump() self.verify_route_dump(fib_dump, self.configured_routes) self.stream_1 = self.create_stream( self.pg1, self.pg0, self.configured_routes, 100) self.stream_2 = self.create_stream( self.pg2, self.pg0, self.configured_routes, 100) self.stream_3 = self.create_stream( self.pg1, self.pg0, self.deleted_routes, 100) self.stream_4 = self.create_stream( self.pg2, self.pg0, self.deleted_routes, 100) self.pg1.add_stream(self.stream_1 + self.stream_3) self.pg2.add_stream(self.stream_2 + self.stream_4) self.pg_enable_capture(self.pg_interfaces) self.pg_start() pkts = self.pg0.get_capture(len(self.stream_1) + len(self.stream_2)) self.verify_capture(self.pg0, pkts, self.stream_1 + self.stream_2) def test_3_add_new_routes(self): """ Add 1k routes - re-add 5 routes check with traffic script. - add 100 routes check with traffic script. """ tmp = self.config_fib_many_to_one( "10.0.0.10", self.pg0.remote_ip4, 5) self.configured_routes.extend(tmp) for x in tmp: self.deleted_routes.remove(x) self.configured_routes.extend(self.config_fib_many_to_one( "10.0.1.0", self.pg0.remote_ip4, 100)) fib_dump = self.vapi.ip_fib_dump() self.verify_route_dump(fib_dump, self.configured_routes) self.stream_1 = self.create_stream( self.pg1, self.pg0, self.configured_routes, 300) self.stream_2 = self.create_stream( self.pg2, self.pg0, self.configured_routes, 300) self.stream_3 = self.create_stream( self.pg1, self.pg0, self.deleted_routes, 100) self.stream_4 = self.create_stream( self.pg2, self.pg0, self.deleted_routes, 100) self.pg1.add_stream(self.stream_1 + self.stream_3) self.pg2.add_stream(self.stream_2 + self.stream_4) self.pg_enable_capture(self.pg_interfaces) self.pg_start() pkts = self.pg0.get_capture(len(self.stream_1) + len(self.stream_2)) self.verify_capture(self.pg0, pkts, self.stream_1 + self.stream_2) def test_4_del_routes(self): """ Delete 1.5k routes - delete 5 routes check with traffic script. - add 100 routes check with traffic script. """ self.deleted_routes.extend(self.unconfig_fib_many_to_one( "10.0.0.0", self.pg0.remote_ip4, 15)) self.deleted_routes.extend(self.unconfig_fib_many_to_one( "10.0.0.20", self.pg0.remote_ip4, 85)) self.deleted_routes.extend(self.unconfig_fib_many_to_one( "10.0.1.0", self.pg0.remote_ip4, 100)) fib_dump = self.vapi.ip_fib_dump() self.verify_not_in_route_dump(fib_dump, self.deleted_routes) class TestIPNull(VppTestCase): """ IPv4 routes via NULL """ def setUp(self): super(TestIPNull, self).setUp() # create 2 pg interfaces self.create_pg_interfaces(range(2)) for i in self.pg_interfaces: i.admin_up() i.config_ip4() i.resolve_arp() def tearDown(self): super(TestIPNull, self).tearDown() for i in self.pg_interfaces: i.unconfig_ip4() i.admin_down() def test_ip_null(self): """ IP NULL route """ # # A route via IP NULL that will reply with ICMP unreachables # ip_unreach = VppIpRoute(self, "10.0.0.1", 32, [], is_unreach=1) ip_unreach.add_vpp_config() p_unreach = (Ether(src=self.pg0.remote_mac, dst=self.pg0.local_mac) / IP(src=self.pg0.remote_ip4, dst="10.0.0.1") / UDP(sport=1234, dport=1234) / Raw('\xa5' * 100)) self.pg0.add_stream(p_unreach) self.pg_enable_capture(self.pg_interfaces) self.pg_start() rx = self.pg0.get_capture(1) rx = rx[0] icmp = rx[ICMP] self.assertEqual(icmptypes[icmp.type], "dest-unreach") self.assertEqual(icmpcodes[icmp.type][icmp.code], "host-unreachable") self.assertEqual(icmp.src, self.pg0.remote_ip4) self.assertEqual(icmp.dst, "10.0.0.1") # # ICMP replies are rate limited. so sit and spin. # self.sleep(1) # # A route via IP NULL that will reply with ICMP prohibited # ip_prohibit = VppIpRoute(self, "10.0.0.2", 32, [], is_prohibit=1) ip_prohibit.add_vpp_config() p_prohibit = (Ether(src=self.pg0.remote_mac, dst=self.pg0.local_mac) / IP(src=self.pg0.remote_ip4, dst="10.0.0.2") / UDP(sport=1234, dport=1234) / Raw('\xa5' * 100)) self.pg0.add_stream(p_prohibit) self.pg_enable_capture(self.pg_interfaces) self.pg_start() rx = self.pg0.get_capture(1) rx = rx[0] icmp = rx[ICMP] self.assertEqual(icmptypes[icmp.type], "dest-unreach") self.assertEqual(icmpcodes[icmp.type][icmp.code], "host-prohibited") self.assertEqual(icmp.src, self.pg0.remote_ip4) self.assertEqual(icmp.dst, "10.0.0.2") def test_ip_drop(self): """ IP Drop Routes """ p = (Ether(src=self.pg0.remote_mac, dst=self.pg0.local_mac) / IP(src=self.pg0.remote_ip4, dst="1.1.1.1") / UDP(sport=1234, dport=1234) / Raw('\xa5' * 100)) r1 = VppIpRoute(self, "1.1.1.0", 24, [VppRoutePath(self.pg1.remote_ip4, self.pg1.sw_if_index)]) r1.add_vpp_config() rx = self.send_and_expect(self.pg0, p * 65, self.pg1) # # insert a more specific as a drop # r2 = VppIpRoute(self, "1.1.1.1", 32, [], is_drop=1) r2.add_vpp_config() self.send_and_assert_no_replies(self.pg0, p * 65, "Drop Route") r2.remove_vpp_config() rx = self.send_and_expect(self.pg0, p * 65, self.pg1) class TestIPDisabled(VppTestCase): """ IPv4 disabled """ def setUp(self): super(TestIPDisabled, self).setUp() # create 2 pg interfaces self.create_pg_interfaces(range(2)) # PG0 is IP enalbed self.pg0.admin_up() self.pg0.config_ip4() self.pg0.resolve_arp() # PG 1 is not IP enabled self.pg1.admin_up() def tearDown(self): super(TestIPDisabled, self).tearDown() for i in self.pg_interfaces: i.unconfig_ip4() i.admin_down() def test_ip_disabled(self): """ IP Disabled """ # # An (S,G). # one accepting interface, pg0, 2 forwarding interfaces # route_232_1_1_1 = VppIpMRoute( self, "0.0.0.0", "232.1.1.1", 32, MRouteEntryFlags.MFIB_ENTRY_FLAG_NONE, [VppMRoutePath(self.pg1.sw_if_index, MRouteItfFlags.MFIB_ITF_FLAG_ACCEPT), VppMRoutePath(self.pg0.sw_if_index, MRouteItfFlags.MFIB_ITF_FLAG_FORWARD)]) route_232_1_1_1.add_vpp_config() pu = (Ether(src=self.pg1.remote_mac, dst=self.pg1.local_mac) / IP(src="10.10.10.10", dst=self.pg0.remote_ip4) / UDP(sport=1234, dport=1234) / Raw('\xa5' * 100)) pm = (Ether(src=self.pg1.remote_mac, dst=self.pg1.local_mac) / IP(src="10.10.10.10", dst="232.1.1.1") / UDP(sport=1234, dport=1234) / Raw('\xa5' * 100)) # # PG1 does not forward IP traffic # self.send_and_assert_no_replies(self.pg1, pu, "IP disabled") self.send_and_assert_no_replies(self.pg1, pm, "IP disabled") # # IP enable PG1 # self.pg1.config_ip4() # # Now we get packets through # self.pg1.add_stream(pu) self.pg_enable_capture(self.pg_interfaces) self.pg_start() rx = self.pg0.get_capture(1) self.pg1.add_stream(pm) self.pg_enable_capture(self.pg_interfaces) self.pg_start() rx = self.pg0.get_capture(1) # # Disable PG1 # self.pg1.unconfig_ip4() # # PG1 does not forward IP traffic # self.send_and_assert_no_replies(self.pg1, pu, "IP disabled") self.send_and_assert_no_replies(self.pg1, pm, "IP disabled") class TestIPSubNets(VppTestCase): """ IPv4 Subnets """ def setUp(self): super(TestIPSubNets, self).setUp() # create a 2 pg interfaces self.create_pg_interfaces(range(2)) # pg0 we will use to experiemnt self.pg0.admin_up() # pg1 is setup normally self.pg1.admin_up() self.pg1.config_ip4() self.pg1.resolve_arp() def tearDown(self): super(TestIPSubNets, self).tearDown() for i in self.pg_interfaces: i.admin_down() def test_ip_sub_nets(self): """ IP Sub Nets """ # # Configure a covering route to forward so we know # when we are dropping # cover_route = VppIpRoute(self, "10.0.0.0", 8, [VppRoutePath(self.pg1.remote_ip4, self.pg1.sw_if_index)]) cover_route.add_vpp_config() p = (Ether(src=self.pg1.remote_mac, dst=self.pg1.local_mac) / IP(dst="10.10.10.10", src=self.pg0.local_ip4) / UDP(sport=1234, dport=1234) / Raw('\xa5' * 100)) self.pg1.add_stream(p) self.pg_enable_capture(self.pg_interfaces) self.pg_start() rx = self.pg1.get_capture(1) # # Configure some non-/24 subnets on an IP interface # ip_addr_n = socket.inet_pton(socket.AF_INET, "10.10.10.10") self.vapi.sw_interface_add_del_address(self.pg0.sw_if_index, ip_addr_n, 16) pn = (Ether(src=self.pg1.remote_mac, dst=self.pg1.local_mac) / IP(dst="10.10.0.0", src=self.pg0.local_ip4) / UDP(sport=1234, dport=1234) / Raw('\xa5' * 100)) pb = (Ether(src=self.pg1.remote_mac, dst=self.pg1.local_mac) / IP(dst="10.10.255.255", src=self.pg0.local_ip4) / UDP(sport=1234, dport=1234) / Raw('\xa5' * 100)) self.send_and_assert_no_replies(self.pg1, pn, "IP Network address") self.send_and_assert_no_replies(self.pg1, pb, "IP Broadcast address") # remove the sub-net and we are forwarding via the cover again self.vapi.sw_interface_add_del_address(self.pg0.sw_if_index, ip_addr_n, 16, is_add=0) self.pg1.add_stream(pn) self.pg_enable_capture(self.pg_interfaces) self.pg_start() rx = self.pg1.get_capture(1) self.pg1.add_stream(pb) self.pg_enable_capture(self.pg_interfaces) self.pg_start() rx = self.pg1.get_capture(1) # # A /31 is a special case where the 'other-side' is an attached host # packets to that peer generate ARP requests # ip_addr_n = socket.inet_pton(socket.AF_INET, "10.10.10.10") self.vapi.sw_interface_add_del_address(self.pg0.sw_if_index, ip_addr_n, 31) pn = (Ether(src=self.pg1.remote_mac, dst=self.pg1.local_mac) / IP(dst="10.10.10.11", src=self.pg0.local_ip4) / UDP(sport=1234, dport=1234) / Raw('\xa5' * 100)) self.pg1.add_stream(pn) self.pg_enable_capture(self.pg_interfaces) self.pg_start() rx = self.pg0.get_capture(1) rx[ARP] # remove the sub-net and we are forwarding via the cover again self.vapi.sw_interface_add_del_address(self.pg0.sw_if_index, ip_addr_n, 31, is_add=0) self.pg1.add_stream(pn) self.pg_enable_capture(self.pg_interfaces) self.pg_start() rx = self.pg1.get_capture(1) class TestIPLoadBalance(VppTestCase): """ IPv4 Load-Balancing """ def setUp(self): super(TestIPLoadBalance, self).setUp() self.create_pg_interfaces(range(5)) mpls_tbl = VppMplsTable(self, 0) mpls_tbl.add_vpp_config() for i in self.pg_interfaces: i.admin_up() i.config_ip4() i.resolve_arp() i.enable_mpls() def tearDown(self): for i in self.pg_interfaces: i.disable_mpls() i.unconfig_ip4() i.admin_down() super(TestIPLoadBalance, self).tearDown() def send_and_expect_load_balancing(self, input, pkts, outputs): input.add_stream(pkts) self.pg_enable_capture(self.pg_interfaces) self.pg_start() for oo in outputs: rx = oo._get_capture(1) self.assertNotEqual(0, len(rx)) def send_and_expect_one_itf(self, input, pkts, itf): input.add_stream(pkts) self.pg_enable_capture(self.pg_interfaces) self.pg_start() rx = itf.get_capture(len(pkts)) def test_ip_load_balance(self): """ IP Load-Balancing """ # # An array of packets that differ only in the destination port # port_ip_pkts = [] port_mpls_pkts = [] # # An array of packets that differ only in the source address # src_ip_pkts = [] src_mpls_pkts = [] for ii in range(65): port_ip_hdr = (IP(dst="10.0.0.1", src="20.0.0.1") / UDP(sport=1234, dport=1234 + ii) / Raw('\xa5' * 100)) port_ip_pkts.append((Ether(src=self.pg0.remote_mac, dst=self.pg0.local_mac) / port_ip_hdr)) port_mpls_pkts.append((Ether(src=self.pg0.remote_mac, dst=self.pg0.local_mac) / MPLS(label=66, ttl=2) / port_ip_hdr)) src_ip_hdr = (IP(dst="10.0.0.1", src="20.0.0.%d" % ii) / UDP(sport=1234, dport=1234) / Raw('\xa5' * 100)) src_ip_pkts.append((Ether(src=self.pg0.remote_mac, dst=self.pg0.local_mac) / src_ip_hdr)) src_mpls_pkts.append((Ether(src=self.pg0.remote_mac, dst=self.pg0.local_mac) / MPLS(label=66, ttl=2) / src_ip_hdr)) route_10_0_0_1 = VppIpRoute(self, "10.0.0.1", 32, [VppRoutePath(self.pg1.remote_ip4, self.pg1.sw_if_index), VppRoutePath(self.pg2.remote_ip4, self.pg2.sw_if_index)]) route_10_0_0_1.add_vpp_config() binding = VppMplsIpBind(self, 66, "10.0.0.1", 32) binding.add_vpp_config() # # inject the packet on pg0 - expect load-balancing across the 2 paths # - since the default hash config is to use IP src,dst and port # src,dst # We are not going to ensure equal amounts of packets across each link, # since the hash algorithm is statistical and therefore this can never # be guaranteed. But wuth 64 different packets we do expect some # balancing. So instead just ensure there is traffic on each link. # self.send_and_expect_load_balancing(self.pg0, port_ip_pkts, [self.pg1, self.pg2]) self.send_and_expect_load_balancing(self.pg0, src_ip_pkts, [self.pg1, self.pg2]) self.send_and_expect_load_balancing(self.pg0, port_mpls_pkts, [self.pg1, self.pg2]) self.send_and_expect_load_balancing(self.pg0, src_mpls_pkts, [self.pg1, self.pg2]) # # change the flow hash config so it's only IP src,dst # - now only the stream with differing source address will # load-balance # self.vapi.set_ip_flow_hash(0, src=1, dst=1, sport=0, dport=0) self.send_and_expect_load_balancing(self.pg0, src_ip_pkts, [self.pg1, self.pg2]) self.send_and_expect_load_balancing(self.pg0, src_mpls_pkts, [self.pg1, self.pg2]) self.send_and_expect_one_itf(self.pg0, port_ip_pkts, self.pg2) # # change the flow hash config back to defaults # self.vapi.set_ip_flow_hash(0, src=1, dst=1, sport=1, dport=1) # # Recursive prefixes # - testing that 2 stages of load-balancing occurs and there is no # polarisation (i.e. only 2 of 4 paths are used) # port_pkts = [] src_pkts = [] for ii in range(257): port_pkts.append((Ether(src=self.pg0.remote_mac, dst=self.pg0.local_mac) / IP(dst="1.1.1.1", src="20.0.0.1") / UDP(sport=1234, dport=1234 + ii) / Raw('\xa5' * 100))) src_pkts.append((Ether(src=self.pg0.remote_mac, dst=self.pg0.local_mac) / IP(dst="1.1.1.1", src="20.0.0.%d" % ii) / UDP(sport=1234, dport=1234) / Raw('\xa5' * 100))) route_10_0_0_2 = VppIpRoute(self, "10.0.0.2", 32, [VppRoutePath(self.pg3.remote_ip4, self.pg3.sw_if_index), VppRoutePath(self.pg4.remote_ip4, self.pg4.sw_if_index)]) route_10_0_0_2.add_vpp_config() route_1_1_1_1 = VppIpRoute(self, "1.1.1.1", 32, [VppRoutePath("10.0.0.2", 0xffffffff), VppRoutePath("10.0.0.1", 0xffffffff)]) route_1_1_1_1.add_vpp_config() # # inject the packet on pg0 - expect load-balancing across all 4 paths # self.vapi.cli("clear trace") self.send_and_expect_load_balancing(self.pg0, port_pkts, [self.pg1, self.pg2, self.pg3, self.pg4]) self.send_and_expect_load_balancing(self.pg0, src_pkts, [self.pg1, self.pg2, self.pg3, self.pg4]) # # Recursive prefixes # - testing that 2 stages of load-balancing, no choices # port_pkts = [] for ii in range(257): port_pkts.append((Ether(src=self.pg0.remote_mac, dst=self.pg0.local_mac) / IP(dst="1.1.1.2", src="20.0.0.2") / UDP(sport=1234, dport=1234 + ii) / Raw('\xa5' * 100))) route_10_0_0_3 = VppIpRoute(self, "10.0.0.3", 32, [VppRoutePath(self.pg3.remote_ip4, self.pg3.sw_if_index)]) route_10_0_0_3.add_vpp_config() route_1_1_1_2 = VppIpRoute(self, "1.1.1.2", 32, [VppRoutePath("10.0.0.3", 0xffffffff)]) route_1_1_1_2.add_vpp_config() # # inject the packet on pg0 - expect load-balancing across all 4 paths # self.vapi.cli("clear trace") self.send_and_expect_one_itf(self.pg0, port_pkts, self.pg3) class TestIPVlan0(VppTestCase): """ IPv4 VLAN-0 """ def setUp(self): super(TestIPVlan0, self).setUp() self.create_pg_interfaces(range(2)) mpls_tbl = VppMplsTable(self, 0) mpls_tbl.add_vpp_config() for i in self.pg_interfaces: i.admin_up() i.config_ip4() i.resolve_arp() i.enable_mpls() def tearDown(self): for i in self.pg_interfaces: i.disable_mpls() i.unconfig_ip4() i.admin_down() super(TestIPVlan0, self).tearDown() def test_ip_vlan_0(self): """ IP VLAN-0 """ pkts = (Ether(src=self.pg0.remote_mac, dst=self.pg0.local_mac) / Dot1Q(vlan=0) / IP(dst=self.pg1.remote_ip4, src=self.pg0.remote_ip4) / UDP(sport=1234, dport=1234) / Raw('\xa5' * 100)) * 65 # # Expect that packets sent on VLAN-0 are forwarded on the # main interface. # self.send_and_expect(self.pg0, pkts, self.pg1) class TestIPPunt(VppTestCase): """ IPv4 Punt Police/Redirect """ def setUp(self): super(TestIPPunt, self).setUp() self.create_pg_interfaces(range(4)) for i in self.pg_interfaces: i.admin_up() i.config_ip4() i.resolve_arp() def tearDown(self): super(TestIPPunt, self).tearDown() for i in self.pg_interfaces: i.unconfig_ip4() i.admin_down() def test_ip_punt(self): """ IP punt police and redirect """ p = (Ether(src=self.pg0.remote_mac, dst=self.pg0.local_mac) / IP(src=self.pg0.remote_ip4, dst=self.pg0.local_ip4) / TCP(sport=1234, dport=1234) / Raw('\xa5' * 100)) pkts = p * 1025 # # Configure a punt redirect via pg1. # nh_addr = VppIpAddress(self.pg1.remote_ip4).encode() self.vapi.ip_punt_redirect(self.pg0.sw_if_index, self.pg1.sw_if_index, nh_addr) self.send_and_expect(self.pg0, pkts, self.pg1) # # add a policer # policer = self.vapi.policer_add_del("ip4-punt", 400, 0, 10, 0, rate_type=1) self.vapi.ip_punt_police(policer.policer_index) self.vapi.cli("clear trace") self.pg0.add_stream(pkts) self.pg_enable_capture(self.pg_interfaces) self.pg_start() # # the number of packet recieved should be greater than 0, # but not equal to the number sent, since some were policed # rx = self.pg1._get_capture(1) self.assertGreater(len(rx), 0) self.assertLess(len(rx), len(pkts)) # # remove the poilcer. back to full rx # self.vapi.ip_punt_police(policer.policer_index, is_add=0) self.vapi.policer_add_del("ip4-punt", 400, 0, 10, 0, rate_type=1, is_add=0) self.send_and_expect(self.pg0, pkts, self.pg1) # # remove the redirect. expect full drop. # self.vapi.ip_punt_redirect(self.pg0.sw_if_index, self.pg1.sw_if_index, nh_addr, is_add=0) self.send_and_assert_no_replies(self.pg0, pkts, "IP no punt config") # # Add a redirect that is not input port selective # self.vapi.ip_punt_redirect(0xffffffff, self.pg1.sw_if_index, nh_addr) self.send_and_expect(self.pg0, pkts, self.pg1) self.vapi.ip_punt_redirect(0xffffffff, self.pg1.sw_if_index, nh_addr, is_add=0) def test_ip_punt_dump(self): """ IP4 punt redirect dump""" # # Configure a punt redirects # nh_address = VppIpAddress(self.pg3.remote_ip4).encode() self.vapi.ip_punt_redirect(self.pg0.sw_if_index, self.pg3.sw_if_index, nh_address) self.vapi.ip_punt_redirect(self.pg1.sw_if_index, self.pg3.sw_if_index, nh_address) self.vapi.ip_punt_redirect(self.pg2.sw_if_index, self.pg3.sw_if_index, VppIpAddress('0.0.0.0').encode()) # # Dump pg0 punt redirects # punts = self.vapi.ip_punt_redirect_dump(self.pg0.sw_if_index) for p in punts: self.assertEqual(p.punt.rx_sw_if_index, self.pg0.sw_if_index) # # Dump punt redirects for all interfaces # punts = self.vapi.ip_punt_redirect_dump(0xffffffff) self.assertEqual(len(punts), 3) for p in punts: self.assertEqual(p.punt.tx_sw_if_index, self.pg3.sw_if_index) self.assertNotEqual(punts[1].punt.nh.un.ip4, self.pg3.remote_ip4) self.assertEqual(punts[2].punt.nh.un.ip4, '\x00'*4) class TestIPDeag(VppTestCase): """ IPv4 Deaggregate Routes """ def setUp(self): super(TestIPDeag, self).setUp() self.create_pg_interfaces(range(3)) for i in self.pg_interfaces: i.admin_up() i.config_ip4() i.resolve_arp() def tearDown(self): super(TestIPDeag, self).tearDown() for i in self.pg_interfaces: i.unconfig_ip4() i.admin_down() def test_ip_deag(self): """ IP Deag Routes """ # # Create a table to be used for: # 1 - another destination address lookup # 2 - a source address lookup # table_dst = VppIpTable(self, 1) table_src = VppIpTable(self, 2) table_dst.add_vpp_config() table_src.add_vpp_config() # # Add a route in the default table to point to a deag/ # second lookup in each of these tables # route_to_dst = VppIpRoute(self, "1.1.1.1", 32, [VppRoutePath("0.0.0.0", 0xffffffff, nh_table_id=1)]) route_to_src = VppIpRoute(self, "1.1.1.2", 32, [VppRoutePath("0.0.0.0", 0xffffffff, nh_table_id=2, is_source_lookup=1)]) route_to_dst.add_vpp_config() route_to_src.add_vpp_config() # # packets to these destination are dropped, since they'll # hit the respective default routes in the second table # p_dst = (Ether(src=self.pg0.remote_mac, dst=self.pg0.local_mac) / IP(src="5.5.5.5", dst="1.1.1.1") / TCP(sport=1234, dport=1234) / Raw('\xa5' * 100)) p_src = (Ether(src=self.pg0.remote_mac, dst=self.pg0.local_mac) / IP(src="2.2.2.2", dst="1.1.1.2") / TCP(sport=1234, dport=1234) / Raw('\xa5' * 100)) pkts_dst = p_dst * 257 pkts_src = p_src * 257 self.send_and_assert_no_replies(self.pg0, pkts_dst, "IP in dst table") self.send_and_assert_no_replies(self.pg0, pkts_src, "IP in src table") # # add a route in the dst table to forward via pg1 # route_in_dst = VppIpRoute(self, "1.1.1.1", 32, [VppRoutePath(self.pg1.remote_ip4, self.pg1.sw_if_index)], table_id=1) route_in_dst.add_vpp_config() self.send_and_expect(self.pg0, pkts_dst, self.pg1) # # add a route in the src table to forward via pg2 # route_in_src = VppIpRoute(self, "2.2.2.2", 32, [VppRoutePath(self.pg2.remote_ip4, self.pg2.sw_if_index)], table_id=2) route_in_src.add_vpp_config() self.send_and_expect(self.pg0, pkts_src, self.pg2) # # loop in the lookup DP # route_loop = VppIpRoute(self, "2.2.2.3", 32, [VppRoutePath("0.0.0.0", 0xffffffff, nh_table_id=0)]) route_loop.add_vpp_config() p_l = (Ether(src=self.pg0.remote_mac, dst=self.pg0.local_mac) / IP(src="2.2.2.4", dst="2.2.2.3") / TCP(sport=1234, dport=1234) / Raw('\xa5' * 100)) self.send_and_assert_no_replies(self.pg0, p_l * 257, "IP lookup loop") class TestIPInput(VppTestCase): """ IPv4 Input Exceptions """ def setUp(self): super(TestIPInput, self).setUp() self.create_pg_interfaces(range(2)) for i in self.pg_interfaces: i.admin_up() i.config_ip4() i.resolve_arp() def tearDown(self): super(TestIPInput, self).tearDown() for i in self.pg_interfaces: i.unconfig_ip4() i.admin_down() def test_ip_input(self): """ IP Input Exceptions """ # i can't find a way in scapy to construct an IP packet # with a length less than the IP header length # # Packet too short - this is forwarded # p_short = (Ether(src=self.pg0.remote_mac, dst=self.pg0.local_mac) / IP(src=self.pg0.remote_ip4, dst=self.pg1.remote_ip4, len=40) / UDP(sport=1234, dport=1234) / Raw('\xa5' * 100)) rx = self.send_and_expect(self.pg0, p_short * 65, self.pg1) # # Packet too long - this is dropped # p_long = (Ether(src=self.pg0.remote_mac, dst=self.pg0.local_mac) / IP(src=self.pg0.remote_ip4, dst=self.pg1.remote_ip4, len=400) / UDP(sport=1234, dport=1234) / Raw('\xa5' * 100)) rx = self.send_and_assert_no_replies(self.pg0, p_long * 65, "too long") # # bad chksum - this is dropped # p_chksum = (Ether(src=self.pg0.remote_mac, dst=self.pg0.local_mac) / IP(src=self.pg0.remote_ip4, dst=self.pg1.remote_ip4, chksum=400) / UDP(sport=1234, dport=1234) / Raw('\xa5' * 100)) rx = self.send_and_assert_no_replies(self.pg0, p_chksum * 65, "bad checksum") # # bad version - this is dropped # p_ver = (Ether(src=self.pg0.remote_mac, dst=self.pg0.local_mac) / IP(src=self.pg0.remote_ip4, dst=self.pg1.remote_ip4, version=3) / UDP(sport=1234, dport=1234) / Raw('\xa5' * 100)) rx = self.send_and_assert_no_replies(self.pg0, p_ver * 65, "funky version") # # fragment offset 1 - this is dropped # p_frag = (Ether(src=self.pg0.remote_mac, dst=self.pg0.local_mac) / IP(src=self.pg0.remote_ip4, dst=self.pg1.remote_ip4, frag=1) / UDP(sport=1234, dport=1234) / Raw('\xa5' * 100)) rx = self.send_and_assert_no_replies(self.pg0, p_frag * 65, "frag offset") # # TTL expired packet # p_ttl = (Ether(src=self.pg0.remote_mac, dst=self.pg0.local_mac) / IP(src=self.pg0.remote_ip4, dst=self.pg1.remote_ip4, ttl=1) / UDP(sport=1234, dport=1234) / Raw('\xa5' * 100)) rx = self.send_and_expect(self.pg0, p_ttl * 65, self.pg0) rx = rx[0] icmp = rx[ICMP] self.assertEqual(icmptypes[icmp.type], "time-exceeded") self.assertEqual(icmpcodes[icmp.type][icmp.code], "ttl-zero-during-transit") self.assertEqual(icmp.src, self.pg0.remote_ip4) self.assertEqual(icmp.dst, self.pg1.remote_ip4) # # MTU exceeded # p_mtu = (Ether(src=self.pg0.remote_mac, dst=self.pg0.local_mac) / IP(src=self.pg0.remote_ip4, dst=self.pg1.remote_ip4, ttl=10, flags='DF') / UDP(sport=1234, dport=1234) / Raw('\xa5' * 2000)) self.vapi.sw_interface_set_mtu(self.pg1.sw_if_index, [1500, 0, 0, 0]) rx = self.send_and_expect(self.pg0, p_mtu * 65, self.pg0) rx = rx[0] icmp = rx[ICMP] self.assertEqual(icmptypes[icmp.type], "dest-unreach") self.assertEqual(icmpcodes[icmp.type][icmp.code], "fragmentation-needed") self.assertEqual(icmp.src, self.pg0.remote_ip4) self.assertEqual(icmp.dst, self.pg1.remote_ip4) self.vapi.sw_interface_set_mtu(self.pg1.sw_if_index, [2500, 0, 0, 0]) rx = self.send_and_expect(self.pg0, p_mtu * 65, self.pg1) # Reset MTU for subsequent tests self.vapi.sw_interface_set_mtu(self.pg1.sw_if_index, [9000, 0, 0, 0]) class TestIPDirectedBroadcast(VppTestCase): """ IPv4 Directed Broadcast """ def setUp(self): super(TestIPDirectedBroadcast, self).setUp() self.create_pg_interfaces(range(2)) for i in self.pg_interfaces: i.admin_up() def tearDown(self): super(TestIPDirectedBroadcast, self).tearDown() for i in self.pg_interfaces: i.admin_down() def test_ip_input(self): """ IP Directed Broadcast """ # # set the directed broadcast on pg0 first, then config IP4 addresses # for pg1 directed broadcast is always disabled self.vapi.sw_interface_set_ip_directed_broadcast( self.pg0.sw_if_index, 1) p0 = (Ether(src=self.pg1.remote_mac, dst=self.pg1.local_mac) / IP(src="1.1.1.1", dst=self.pg0._local_ip4_bcast) / UDP(sport=1234, dport=1234) / Raw('\xa5' * 2000)) p1 = (Ether(src=self.pg0.remote_mac, dst=self.pg0.local_mac) / IP(src="1.1.1.1", dst=self.pg1._local_ip4_bcast) / UDP(sport=1234, dport=1234) / Raw('\xa5' * 2000)) self.pg0.config_ip4() self.pg0.resolve_arp() self.pg1.config_ip4() self.pg1.resolve_arp() # # test packet is L2 broadcast # rx = self.send_and_expect(self.pg1, p0 * 65, self.pg0) self.assertTrue(rx[0][Ether].dst, "ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff") self.send_and_assert_no_replies(self.pg0, p1 * 65, "directed broadcast disabled") # # toggle directed broadcast on pg0 # self.vapi.sw_interface_set_ip_directed_broadcast( self.pg0.sw_if_index, 0) self.send_and_assert_no_replies(self.pg1, p0 * 65, "directed broadcast disabled") self.vapi.sw_interface_set_ip_directed_broadcast( self.pg0.sw_if_index, 1) rx = self.send_and_expect(self.pg1, p0 * 65, self.pg0) self.pg0.unconfig_ip4() self.pg1.unconfig_ip4() class TestIPLPM(VppTestCase): """ IPv4 longest Prefix Match """ def setUp(self): super(TestIPLPM, self).setUp() self.create_pg_interfaces(range(4)) for i in self.pg_interfaces: i.admin_up() i.config_ip4() i.resolve_arp() def tearDown(self): super(TestIPLPM, self).tearDown() for i in self.pg_interfaces: i.admin_down() i.unconfig_ip4() def test_ip_lpm(self): """ IP longest Prefix Match """ s_24 = VppIpRoute(self, "10.1.2.0", 24, [VppRoutePath(self.pg1.remote_ip4, self.pg1.sw_if_index)]) s_24.add_vpp_config() s_8 = VppIpRoute(self, "10.0.0.0", 8, [VppRoutePath(self.pg2.remote_ip4, self.pg2.sw_if_index)]) s_8.add_vpp_config() p_8 = (Ether(src=self.pg0.remote_mac, dst=self.pg0.local_mac) / IP(src="1.1.1.1", dst="10.1.1.1") / UDP(sport=1234, dport=1234) / Raw('\xa5' * 2000)) p_24 = (Ether(src=self.pg0.remote_mac, dst=self.pg0.local_mac) / IP(src="1.1.1.1", dst="10.1.2.1") / UDP(sport=1234, dport=1234) / Raw('\xa5' * 2000)) self.logger.info(self.vapi.cli("sh ip fib mtrie")) rx = self.send_and_expect(self.pg0, p_8 * 65, self.pg2) rx = self.send_and_expect(self.pg0, p_24 * 65, self.pg1) class TestIPv4Frag(VppTestCase): """ IPv4 fragmentation """ @classmethod def setUpClass(cls): super(TestIPv4Frag, cls).setUpClass() cls.create_pg_interfaces([0, 1]) cls.src_if = cls.pg0 cls.dst_if = cls.pg1 # setup all interfaces for i in cls.pg_interfaces: i.admin_up() i.config_ip4() i.resolve_arp() def test_frag_large_packets(self): """ Fragmentation of large packets """ p = (Ether(dst=self.src_if.local_mac, src=self.src_if.remote_mac) / IP(src=self.src_if.remote_ip4, dst=self.dst_if.remote_ip4) / UDP(sport=1234, dport=5678) / Raw()) self.extend_packet(p, 6000, "abcde") saved_payload = p[Raw].load # Force fragmentation by setting MTU of output interface # lower than packet size self.vapi.sw_interface_set_mtu(self.dst_if.sw_if_index, [5000, 0, 0, 0]) self.pg_enable_capture() self.src_if.add_stream(p) self.pg_start() # Expecting 3 fragments because size of created fragments currently # cannot be larger then VPP buffer size (which is 2048) packets = self.dst_if.get_capture(3) # Assume VPP sends the fragments in order payload = '' for p in packets: payload_offset = p.frag * 8 if payload_offset > 0: payload_offset -= 8 # UDP header is not in payload self.assert_equal(payload_offset, len(payload)) payload += p[Raw].load self.assert_equal(payload, saved_payload, "payload") if __name__ == '__main__': unittest.main(testRunner=VppTestRunner)